challenges facing tourism in developing countries

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Potentials and challenges of Ecotourism in Improving Nature Conservation in Developing countries

Synopsis Around the world, ecotourism has been hailed as a panacea: a way to fund conservation and scientific research, protect fragile and pristine ecosystem, benefits rural communities, promote development in poor countries ,enhance ecological and cultural sensitivities ,instill environmental awareness and social conscience in travel industry, satisfy and educate the discriminated tourists and some claim, build world peace. It is often positioned as an alternative to mass tourism, however, the understanding and implementation of the concept has been riddled with uncertainty. The ideal balance of conserving and developing at the same time is considered paradoxical not just for ecotourism but also related concepts like sustainability and improving nature conservations. This review paper critically examines the nature and application of ecotourism in improving nature in developing countries. The review adopted triangulation method which involved examination of two bases of information, on the one hand information from secondary information including books, journals, and on the other hand from periodical bulletins. It was found that ecotourism has not achieved the objective of integrating conservation of biodiversity and the socioeconomic development of adjacent communities; one reason for the existing implementation problems has been the concept itself and how it has been operational zed. Furthermore, ecotourism in the developing countries has been plagued with issues related to non-realization of promised benefits, none or weak development structures and absence of efficient governance and management. The review recommends greater coordination between the stakeholders involved in ecotourism and of key interest, the participation of the government and the local community. The present reviewed sources are twofold; theoretical and empirical, that gives understanding of why the developing countries have not been able to sustainably develop ecotourism and provides the concerned parties with crucial insights on the possible actions for achieving the objectives of ecotourism in improving nature conservations.

Related Papers

Potentials and challenges of Ecotourism by NZAYISENGA ADRIEN

nzayisenga adrien

Around the world, ecotourism has been hailed as a panacea: a way to fund conservation and scientific research, protect fragile and pristine ecosystem, benefits rural communities, promote development in poor countries ,enhance ecological and cultural sensitivities ,instill environmental awareness and social conscience in travel industry, satisfy and educate the discriminated tourists and some claim, build world peace. It is often positioned as an alternative to mass tourism, however, the understanding and implementation of the concept has been riddled with uncertainty. The ideal balance of conserving and developing at the same time is considered paradoxical not just for ecotourism but also related concepts like sustainability and improving nature conservations. This review paper critically examines the nature and application of ecotourism in improving nature in developing countries. The review adopted triangulation method which involved examination of two bases of information, on the one hand information from secondary information including books, journals, and on the other hand from periodical bulletins. It was found that ecotourism has not achieved the objective of integrating conservation of biodiversity and the socioeconomic development of adjacent communities; one reason for the existing implementation problems has been the concept itself and how it has been operational zed. Furthermore, ecotourism in the developing countries has been plagued with issues related to non-realization of promised benefits, none or weak development structures and absence of efficient governance and management. The review recommends greater coordination between the stakeholders involved in ecotourism and of key interest, the participation of the government and the local community. The present reviewed sources are twofold; theoretical and empirical, that gives understanding of why the developing countries have not been able to sustainably develop ecotourism and provides the concerned parties with crucial insights on the possible actions for achieving the objectives of ecotourism in improving nature conservations.

Taddeo Rusoke

Arghya Santra , Amit Kisku Faculty, Anthropology

Ecotourism focuses on the enhancement and maintenance of natural ecosystem through tourism. In the 21 st century, travel and tourism have become world's fastest growing industries and are the major source of foreign exchange earnings for many developing countries. Ecotourism has become a growing niche market within this larger travel industry. For the last two decades, it has not only substituted mass tourism, but also has converged the biodiversity conservation and the socioeconomic development of local community. Now-a-days, government and non-government agencies promote community based ecotourism into interior regions to develop the livelihood of the local people. In practice, ecotourism has often failed to deliver the expected benefits to the local community due to a number of factors such as the shortages of the financial and social capital within the community, lack of mechanisms for a fair distribution of the economic benefits of ecotourism, and insecurity in connection with acquisition of lands. A research was conducted on Gopegarh Heritage and Nature Ecotourism Centre (GHNEC), Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal to find out the success and failure stories of ecotourism policy. It reveals that due to the lack of proper infrastructure, the benefits of ecotourism do not reach to the people it aimed for. Introduction In the 21 st century, tourism is one of the fastest growing markets and a major source of foreign exchange earnings for many developing countries. The World Tourism Organization (WTO) reports that 4.4% international tourism grew annually between the years 2013 to 2014. Easy and quick economic earnings from tourism without much investment has captured the attention of most countries and led to its huge popularity and acceptability. However, such a global growth of tourism causes a significant threat to the cultural and biological diversity. During the late 20 th century, many academics and scholars pointed towards the destructive effect of tourism on biodiversity. Thus, it has become of utmost importance that the tourism industry must be concerned about the environment and its sustainability. With that concern, an alternative form of tourism also has begun to take shape. Broadly defined, this 'alternative tourism' includes 'forms of tourism that are consistent with natural, social, and community values, and which allow both hosts and guests to enjoy positive and worthwhile interaction and shared experiences' (Eadington & Smith 1992). This new product of tourism has taken the attention of scholars concerned with recent agendas to link conservation and development) proposed for one of the most influential definitions on environment-friendly tourism or ecotourism-Travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated natural areas with the specific objectives of studying, admiring, and enjoying the scenery and its wild plants and animals, as well as any existing cultural manifestations (both past and present) found in these areas.

Katrina Brandon

Clement Tisdell

Considers the ecotourism market and its rate of growth and identifies important factors expected to influence the size of this market. Global threats to sustainable ecotourism are highlighted. Definitions of ecotourism are considered and doubts are expressed about the value of normative definitions. Factors likely to influence the sustainability of ecotourism are discussed. The most important are its economics, the extent to which ecotourism is consistent with conserving its resource-base, its social acceptability and its political feasibility. These compatibility aspects of ecotourism are closely linked to sustainability aspects and often call for government intervention in tourism management and development. Considerable attention is given to carrying capacity as a guide to sustainable ecotourism development as well as the difficulties in using the concept in practice. The management of ecotourism on the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha in Brazil provides an interesting example of attempts to manage ecotourism sustainably.

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

Angela Benson

Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results

TANESH INDWAR

A recent development in tourism is ecotourism. It is one of the tourism industry's fastest-growing subsectors. Ecotourism refers to any type of tourism that is focused on nature, has a little impact on the environment, includes locals in its planning and execution, and emphasises the importance of educating visitors. Ecotourism is distinct from other types of tourism because it is reliant on the maintenance of natural ecosystems so that they, and the cultural values they represent, can be experienced and appreciated by visitors. Many nations have come to rely on ecotourism as a major source of revenue. Ecotourism's ability to foster both economic growth and environmental protection in poor nations is exciting. This article will highlight the vast potential of Ecotourism in India by examining a few of the country's most popular Eco-tourism destinations. The present study also explores the emergence of ecotourism as an economic reader and the use of ecotourism as a tool for balancing environmental issues and sustainable development. This paper also includes a discussion of the government's efforts to promote ecotourism as a means of addressing modern environmental problems, as well as the results of a few studies of India's most popular ecotourism destinations.

getahun shanko

(Community-Based) Ecotourism: A Key to Biodiversity Conservation and Local Livelihood Improvement

This paper aims to provide an analysis of the influence of ecotourism on biodiversity conservation by answering the question, “What is the relationship between ecotourism and biodiversity conservation?” This research paper discusses ecotourism as a sustainable form of tourism and its role in biodiversity conservation and livelihood improvement at the community level. The study finds that community-based ecotourism is a environmentally-good practice that promotes the conservation and protection of the ecosystem and the biodiversity within it. Ecotourism also provides new sources of income for local people where ecotourism activities occur, contributing to their livelihood improvement. Better management of ecotourism is key to ensure effective, inclusive and sustainable biodiversity conservation and local livelihood improvement.

Samuel Takele

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