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Everyday Vocabulary + Grammar (with key)

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Travel English!

■ Learn over 500 useful words for travelling abroad. ■ 40 topics covering lots of typical situations. ■ Over 400 images to help you learn the language. ■ More than 30 dialogues so you can hear the language in action. This booklet will give you all the language you need for international travel. There are five important features: ■ Key language The language has been carefully selected so you’ll only learn the most important words and expressions. ■ Images The photos and illustrations will help you understand the key words by creating an association between the images and the language. ■ Dialogues The dialogues will improve your listening skills. They’ll also show you how the language is used in real-life situations. ■ Topic areas By organising the language into topic areas, it’ll be easier for you to remember the words and expressions. ■ Useful expressions The useful expressions are ready-to-go and can be used directly in a whole range of typical situations.

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  • MAGAZINE with AUDIO - Travel English - Learn Hot English (2014, MP3, True PDF, 42 pages, 101.0 MB) filedwon.info     robin1997   ( Karma: 23028.80 ) 10 March 2015 23:38  
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Learnhotenglish 2472022

Learnhotenglish 2472022

The number-one magazine for learning and teaching English! @LEARNHOTENGLISH No.247 www.learnhotenglish.com THE SPAGHETTI PRANK! 10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! ISSN 15777898 00247 IRREGULAR PAST TENSE VERBS! PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary, 9... More

The number-one magazine for learning and teaching English! @LEARNHOTENGLISH No.247 www.learnhotenglish.com THE SPAGHETTI PRANK! 10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! ISSN 15777898 00247 IRREGULAR PAST TENSE VERBS! PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary, 9 771577 789001 useful expressions… and much, much more. Less

The number-one magazine for learning and teaching English! @LEARNHOTENGLISH No.247 www.learnhotenglish.com THE SPAGHETTI PRANK! 10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! ISSN 15777898 00247 IRREGULAR PAST TENSE VERBS! PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary, 9 771577 789001 useful expressions… and much, much more.

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EDITOR’S INTRO How you learn English with Hot English magazine Magazine Index Pre-Intermediate (CEF level: A2) Why are you learning English? To get a better job, to pass an official English exam, to travel, or just to communicate in English? Hot English magazine helps with all this. 3 Editorial 1 Increase your vocabulary. In every issue of Hot English 5 Travel English. Want to travel to English-speaking you’ll learn over 350 English words and expressions! Plus countries? With Hot English you’ll learn the words and 4 Dr Fingers’ Error Correction Clinic you’ll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more. expressions you need for international travel! 2 Improve your listening. Every magazine has 60 6 Social English. How do native English 6 Vocabulary - At The Doctor’s minutes of spoken English audio. You’ll learn to understand speakers really talk? Learn with our natural English English, plus you can hear lots of different accents! conversations. Also, learn English slang. Plus, in Hot 8 Listening: Discussing Money English you’ll read about current events (news, culture, 3 Exam English. Hot English helps prepare you for music, films) so you can make conversation with native official English exams (First Certificate, IELTS, TOEFL, English speakers. Problems! etc.). How? Exams test your ability to speak and your range of vocabulary. Hot English improves your communication skills and your knowledge of words and expressions. 7 Want to learn even more? Get an English 10 Fingers’ Pronunciation Unlocked book. You’ll learn extra vocabulary, grammar, 4 Business English. Practical English for the office, for social English and business English. The English Intermediate (CEF level: B1) meetings, for talking to clients – it’s all in Hot English. Unlocked books are linked to the topics in Hot English Plus, read business tips from entrepreneurs. magazine. Visit our website for more details. 12 Story Time Hi, and welcome to 14 Pranks another issue of Learn Hot English – the fun 16 Film - Notting Hill magazine for learning 18 10 Christmas Traditions! English. In this month’s issue, we’re looking at 10 20 Exercises - 10 Christmas Traditions! Christmas traditions from English speaking countries. In this great article, you’ll learn a lot about the culture in other countries, and have something 16 22 Trivia 3 - Miscellaneous Upper Intermediate (CEF level: B2) 24 Vocabulary - The Bank to talk about over the holiday period! Of course, that’s not all and we’re also looking at 25 Typical Dialogues - The Bank pranks, Notting Hill (the movie), boxing, Las Robber Vegas, banks, Giorgio Armani, jokes, a famous 18 26 Crossword prank about spaghetti, phrasal verbs, idioms, slang, vocabulary, a business topic, and lots, 28 Wordsearch & Matching lots more. Well, we hope you enjoy reading and 30 Dr Fingers’ Grammar Clinic listening to this issue of Learn Hot English. Have fun, learn lots of English and see you all 31 Business Dialogues - The Proposal next month! 32 Idioms – Idioms 34 Giorgio Armani 34 PS Remember to sign up for our newsletter “The King Of Jackets” so you can receive lots of FREE language lessons, and find out what we’re doing. Just 36 Weird World - Swiss Spaghetti visit our website (www.learnhotenglish.com) and & Stupid Brits enter your name and e-mail address in the box on the right-hand side of the page. Don’t forget 38 Weird World - Cartoon to check out the blog on our website: www. Advanced (CEF level: C1) learnhotenglish.com/blog for free lessons and 39 Strange But True articles on how to learn English. Or “like” us on Facebook or Twitter (@LearnHotEnglish)so you can keep up with our latest news. COMPANY CLASSES 36 (00 34) 91 421 7886 40 British Bar Chat 41 US Bar Chat 42 Dictionary Of Slang LearnHotEnglish learnhoteng HotEnglishMagazine 43 Phrasal Verbs - Bring All material in this publication is strictly copyright, and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. The views expressed in Hot English Magazine do not necessarily represent the views of Hot English Publishing SL, although we do think that spaghetti grows on trees and boxing is a brutal sport. 44 Answers and Scripts For great private language classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 3

AUDIO In this section Dr Fingers identifies and corrects typical errors… and ensures that they are NEVER, EVER repeated. DR FINGERS’ DR FINGERS’ ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC Hello everybody, and welcome to my “Error Correction” clinic. You know just the other day I recorded a very interesting conversation in one of my classes. During the extract, you will hear how Susana, one of my students, makes a few mistakes. See if you can spot Today ’s class: THE PRESENT them. You will have to excuse my class of 16 year-olds - they are somewhat undisciplined. Dr Fingers: Good morning, class. Who did that? That is very rude and I will not have that in my class. Frederique, stop that… no… no, Frederique you will cause an PERFECT accident. Michaela, phone for an ambulance will you? Frederique, get up off the floor! OK, class, we’re going to do a little exercise. Class: Boo! Dr Fingers: Now settle down. Right, Susana and Pierre, come to “I have been in Paris for ten years,” which means that you moved the front. Now come along, it’s almost lunch time. to Paris ten years ago and are still living there now. Now, Pierre, I want you to ask Susana these questions “I have been waiting for twenty minutes,” which means that you (he hands them a sheet of paper). The rest of you be arrived twenty minutes ago and are still waiting. quiet and listen carefully. “I have been learning Italian for nine weeks,” which means that Pierre: OK, Susana, how long have you been living in you started learning Italian nine weeks ago, and you are still Valencia? studying it now. Susana: I am here for ten years. Pierre: And how long have you been learning English? Just after the class I disciplined Susana privately for a few hours, Susana: I am learning English for eight years. and now I think she understands the rule. Later, my students repeated the conversation without the errors: Did you hear the mistakes? Susana said: “I am here for ten years”; and, Pierre: OK, Susana, how long have you been living in “I am learning English for eight years”. Valencia? These are very typical mistakes. Remember, we use the present Susana: I have been here for ten years. perfect, (“have” + a past participle) to refer to an activity that Pierre: And how long have you been learning English? started in the past, and has continued until the present. For Susana: I have been learning English for eight years. example, if you met someone three years ago, you “have known Dr Fingers: Excellent! that person for three years”; or if you started studying French six years ago, and you are still studying it, then you “have been OK, that’s all for today, bye for now and may you have an error- studying French for six years”. Here are a few more examples: free month. 4 For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com /

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AUDIO VOCABULARY: AT THE DOCTOR’S Useful expressions VOCABULARY: AT THE DOCTOR’S I’ve sprained my ankle. I’ve twisted my wrist. I hurt my arm. I’ve got a pain in my left shoulder. I’m a bit sunburnt. I banged my head. I’m having trouble breathing. I’ve got a cut on my finger. I’ve got a bruise on my leg. My eye has swollen up. I got stung by a bee. I’ve got a rash on my arm. More words 1 Listening Temperature – a normal body Clinic – a building where Jack is at the doctor's. Listen once. What's wrong temperature is about 37ºC. people go to see the doctor / with him? Thermometer – an instrument receive medical advice, etc. for measuring temperature. Diarrhoea – if someone has 2 Listening Fever – if you’ve got a “fever”, “diarrhoea”, liquid comes out of Listen again. Then, complete the sentences with the your body temperature is high. them when they go to the toilet. words from below. Pills – small pieces of medicine Constipated – if someone’s temperature pill chemist’s problem that you swallow without “constipated”, they can’t go to chewing. the toilet. medicine stomach fluids Medicine – a substance that Cold – if someone has a “cold”, you drink or swallow to cure an they sneeze a lot (air/liquid 1. So, what seems to be the ? illness. comes out of their nose). 2. And I've got this terrible pain in my Vomit / throw up – when you Cough – an illness in which . “vomit”, liquid/food comes out your chest or throat hurts. 3. I just need to take your . of your mouth. Queasy / sick / nauseous – if 4. You need to drink plenty Tummy bug – an illness in your you’re feeling “queasy”, you feel of … stomach caused by bacteria. as if you’re going to vomit. 5. You also need to take this . Headache – a pain in your Dizzy – if you feel “dizzy”, you 6. You can get it in the . head. feel as if you’re about to fall. 7. Just take one every six Sore – if you body is “sore”, it Flu – an illness which is like a hours. hurts. Also, “ache”: “My body is cold but more serious. aching.” Blood pressure – the amount 3 Speaking activity Fluids – liquids such as water / of force with which your blood Use the phrases orange juice, etc. flows around your body. to act out a role Prescription – a piece of Painkiller – a medicine that play between a paper the doctor writes with stops pain. doctor and information about the medicine Pulse – the regular beating of a patient. you need. blood through your body. Chemist’s / pharmacy (US Infected – an “infected ” area English) – a shop where you can of your body that has germs or buy medicine. bacteria on it. 6 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

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VIDEO LISTENING DISCUSSING MONEY PROBLEMS! 1 Pre-listening The pronunciation of can and can’t LISTENING: DISCUSSING MONEY PROBLEMS! Match the objects (1 to 6) to the average prices (a-f). A Can There are two ways of pronouncing the modal verb can. $900 a We often use the strong form can /kæn/ for emphasis in 2 $300 speech: b a) I can see it. 00 b) He can help us. $25,0 c And we use the weak form can /kən/ in casual speech: 1 00 a) I can see it. $50,0 d b) He can help us. 3 $200n Can’t e millio The negative form can’t /kɑːnt/ has the /ɑː/ sound: ,000 a) I can’t see it. f £300 b) He can’t help us. 4 B Now listen and repeat these sentences with the weak form of can. a) They can help us. b) She can do it later. 5 And these sentences with can’t 6 a) We can’t see it. b) They can’t help us. 2 Listening I You’re going to listen to someone who is talking about money Now compare the affirmative and negative forms. Can you hear problems. Listen once. What exactly is the problem? the difference? a) I can see it. / I can’t see it. 3 Listening II b) He can help us. / He can’t help us. Choose the correct answers (a/b). Then, listen again to check your responses. C 1. Harry went to the pub… a) on foot b) by bus Now listen and write the sentences you hear. 2. Harry has a lot of... a) money b) debts 1. 3. Harry has bought a... a) bus b) plane 2. 4. It cost... a) $10,000 b) $20,000 3. 5. It is a... a) red bus b) Boeing 747 4. Discussion Ask and answer the questions. How good are you at saving money? How much money have you got saved up? What would you like to buy with it? How much do you save every month? Where do you put it? How much interest does it earn? If you could spend it all now, what would you buy? Where’s the best place to invest money? Why? 8 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

Listen & learn! Download the audio files for this magazine! In order to get the downloadable audio files for this magazine, go to www.learnhotenglish.com/ learn-hot-english-magazine-audio-files And enter this code: HotMP3s2019 Tap here for the MP3s! Download the audio files for your magazine so you can improve your listening and speaking skills. Then, you can listen to Learn Hot English as you're... ...driving! ...walking! ...doing exercise! ...relaxing at home!

AUDIO DR FINGERS’PRONUNCIATION Hello everyone and welcome to my English pronunciation course! OK, let’s get pronouncing! (The answers to the exercise are on page 44) DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION Irregular Past Tense Verbs Listen & Repeat Exercise In past editions of Hot English Well, that’s quite enough of that. Now let’s Now let’s try an exercise. Listen to the we’ve looked at the pronunciation of get on with some pronouncing. Listen and following sentences and repeat them. regular past tense verbs. This month repeat these words: Then, listen again and try to write the we’re going to be looking at the sentences in connected speech. We’ve done pronunciation of irregular past tense Infinitive Past the first one for you: verbs, and grouping the verbs according To bring Brought to their sounds. This month we’ll be To buy Bought 1. She fought a lion = She fough ta lion. looking at that very complicated, To catch Caught 2. confusing and completely ridiculous To fight Fought 3. word group “ough / augh”. I wrote a To teach Taught 4. little poem to introduce the subject. To think Thought It may help you understand the 5. complexity of all this, and I sincerely Connected Speech 6. hope you’ll enjoy it. OK, here goes: Now let’s look at these verbs in connected 7. speech. As you can see, these irregular past 8. tense forms all end with the letter “t”. 9. An Ode To “Ough” When the following word starts with a The past of “think” is “thought” I know, vowel, this final “t” connects with the 10. But with no “t” we must say “though”, vowel to form a new sound. For example: The past of “catch” is “caught” we’re told, “I thought about it”, which becomes the GLOSSARY But we have a “cough” when it is cold, following in connected speech: an ode n Of “teach” I’ve learnt the past is “taught”, “I though ta bou tit”. a poem in honour of something - a literary and formal word But we must be “tough”, as a last resort, Now listen to some more examples: though exp The teachers say it’s “bought” for “buy”, this is used to contrast with a previous sentence. For example: “Latin is a dead language, though But with no “t” it’s “bough”, I cry, “I bought it last night.” many people still learn it” To “bring” is “brought”, the master shouts, (I bough tit last night) a cough n if you have a “cough”, your throat hurts But with words like “trough” I have my “I fought a bear.” tough adj doubts, (I fough ta bear) physically strong a bough n Of “fight” it’s “fought” we are informed, “She taught it to me.” a large branch of a tree But say “hiccough”, we’re severely (She taugh tit to me) a trough n a long, narrow container from which animals can warned, drink hiccough n Now that’s the end of this sad tale, Can you hear how the final “t” joins if you have “hiccoughs”, you make a sound in your Which will surely make your face turn pale. together with the vowel to form a new throat many times - usually because you have eaten too quickly. It is also spelled “hiccup” sound? a tale n By Dr Fingers - copyright, 2004. a story 10 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

Clases Language classes for companies! de inglés... A T ISrueba GR a de p sa! hor mpre ase ¡una ra su e r su cl : pa btene tacte o on Para ratis, c hotenglish .com ¡para sus empleados! g @learn ess busin ¿Está buscando clases de inglés para su empresa? Encontrar una academia que mantenga a sus estudiantes motivados, que provea excelentes materiales, y que ofrezca un servicio profesional no es tarea fácil. Sin embargo, ¡Learn Hot English tiene la solución! ¡Nuestros dinámicos cursos al igual Si le gustan nuestros materiales, ¿por qué que nuestros materiales le darán a no se registra con nosotros para obtenerlas sus empleados el lenguaje necesario GRATIS para su empresa? para comunicar en inglés! ¡Clases presenciales en España y clases virtuales en todo el mundo! ¿Por qué no intentarlo con nosotros? Le daremos una hora de prueba GRATIS (sin obligación) con uno de nuestros profesores de inglés. s n clase do co y “Lass cursasido mu de o a hem han stem r, PULSE AQUÍ que English n su si novadoan Hottivas. Coje tan inantes hdo efec rendizas estudidisfruta ap estro do y cia.” ro, nu ogresa perien nancie !para su clase gratis¡ pr la ex ector fi ersity ir d - d e Un iv Davi ambridgs, Iberia C Pres Donde sea que se encuentre tu empresa, nosotros te podemos ayudar. ¡Contáctanos ahora y ponnos a prueba! (00 34) 91 421 7886 [email protected] www.learnhotenglishcorp.com

AUDIO Jokes, stories and anecdotes as told by native English speakers t o r y t i m e STORY TIME S This is the first part in our new section called “Story Time”. In this Peter: They’ve been burgled, and they’re, like, oh God, how, you section you will be able to hear two native English speakers telling know, typical, just go out and that happens. And then they each other jokes, stories or anecdotes. These authentic conversations go into the kitchen [yeah], and on the kitchen table there’s will help you with your listening skills, and give you lots of this note… interesting expressions to use yourself - plus, you’ll enjoy hearing the William: What? joke or story. Please remember, these are authentic conversations, Peter: … and it says, “now you know who I am”. and the speakers do a lot of things that make it difficult to William: Ahhhh! understand, such as hesitating, interrupting and mumbling. This Peter: Very funny, eh? is all part of natural conversation. The trick is to listen for the key words (the most important words in the conversation - usually the nouns). Don’t try to understand every word - this is too difficult because not all the words are pronounced clearly, and most of the time the speakers are trying desperately to communicate a messages and understand what the other person has said. The Theatre Tickets As you are listening, try to answer these questions: GLOSSARY 1. Where did the couple go out? to hesitate vb and start talking about something if you “hesitate” while you are talking, different 2. Who do you think wrote the note? you stop talking temporarily and there to guess vb 3. What is the punch-line? is a pause if you “guess” the answer, you try to to mumble vb imagine the answer to speak in a low voice that is not very to ring round phr vb William: So, have you heard any good jokes recently? clear and very difficult to understand to ring all your friends a couple n you know exp Peter: Mmm…, oh yeah, I did, yeah, I heard a good one the other two people who are having a relationship people often say this to check that the day actually a punch-line n other person understands the end of a joke or story, and the part to find out phr vb William: Yeah? What was that? that makes it funny to discover er/erm exp might as well exp Peter: Ah, it’s about this, er, couple, [what happens?] and erm, this is the noise that people make while if you say that you “might as well” do they get sent these two tickets, they just, this letter just they are thinking what to say something, it means that you will do get sent exp that thing, even though you don’t really arrives, and they get sent these two tickets to see a, a play are sent want to do it at the local theatre. a play n the usual stuff exp inform a story that is acted in a theatre “stuff” is things in general. In this case William: Yeah, oh, that’s nice. local theatre n it means, “the usual things that happen” Peter: Yeah, I don’t know the name of the play, but that doesn’t a theatre that is close to the place to burgle vb (the town/village/city, etc) that you are to enter a house and rob things from it matter, anyway. Anyway, there’s, er, a note with the, er, referring to like exp with the tickets, that goes, “guess who sent these?”. anyway exp people often use this when they are this word is used to change the direction thinking about what to say next. It is William: What? With no name or anything? in a conver-sation, and is also used used to fill space in a conversation and Peter: No, no name, no, nothing like that. So, they ring round all when you want to stop the conversation doesn’t mean anything their friends, you know, “hey, did you send us some tickets USEFUL VOCABULARY to help you with the story: to go and see this play?”. [uh huh]. And, well, basically they, they don’t find out who sent it, and they think, well, might as well go anyway. So they go off, have a lovely evening, and afterwards they go and have a nice romantic dinner [yeah]. Yeah, they, and then they get home… William: What, what happens when they get home? a couple two tickets Peter: Yeah, this is the funny bit. They get home and they, they notice that the door’s broken open, [yeah!] and they go upstairs, you know, the usual stuff, all the clothes are on the floor, they’ve, you know, basically, they’ve … William: … Sounds like my flat Peter: Yeah, but they’ve been burgled… a note a play William: Oh God! Yeah? 12 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Want to do an internship with Hot English? For more information, e-mail [email protected]

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AUDIO Pranks PRANKS Have you ever opened a door and a bucket of water fell on your head? Or tried to move your computer mouse but couldn’t because someone had glued it to your desk? Or been the victim of any other kind of cruel joke? If you have, you have suffered at the hands of the “prankster” - that irritating person who can’t resist playing jokes on you. Here are some of the classic pranks. Illegal Shopping Urgent Calls If you are shopping with a friend, get an item of clothing such as a Use the office intercom system to call your manager to different pair of trousers. Pull off some of the clothes tags. Then, when your parts of the building. Watch as he or she goes walking around the friend isn’t looking, put the tags in your friend’s bag. Later on, as office, getting more and more furious. Be careful to disguise your they try to leave the shop, the alarm will go off… and you can have voice. fun listening to your friend trying to explain things to the police. Panic Name Games If there’s a new person in the office, leave a note without a name When you meet a friend’s new girlfriend, say something like, “hi, on their desk that reads: you must be Sally - I’ve heard so much about you,” knowing full “Urgent: the president needs those X23P numbers ASAP!” well that the girl’s name is Mary. Watch as the new employee panics and wanders about the office You can do the same with boys too, using names like John, James trying to figure out what to do. or William. Tools Looking For Love? Here’s another trick for the new employee. Send him or her to a Put an ad in a newspaper for a friend of yours. Write something shop to buy a “left-handed hammer”. Get angry when they come completely ridiculous, such as the following: back with nothing, claiming that there’s no such thing as a “left- “Rich, successful 28-year-old male seeks young, attractive female handed hammer”. for a meaningful relationship. Some outside gardening work and OK, that’s all for now. Have fun with your pranks and be careful. physical labour may be required.” Your friend will be receiving lots of interesting calls from confused Warning people asking about the “gardening work”. Hot English will accept no responsibility for any “accidents” that occur as a result of readers attempting any of Bless You! these pranks. Go to the bathroom and make your hand wet. Then, walk behind someone and sneeze, spraying them with the water from your GLOSSARY hand. As your victim turns around, cover your face with your hands to glue vb a hairdryer n and say sorry (they’ll think you sneezed all over them). To make to use a substance (glue) to stick one an electronic device to dry your hair thing to another to spill vb things worse, you could clean your hand on their shoulder, or ask a desk n if you “spill” liquid, the liquid falls to them politely for a tissue. a table in an office the ground a prankster n shaving foam n a person who likes to play jokes on a white substance you put on your Transport Police people face before shaving (cutting the hair a prank n from your face) For this joke you need a new car, a dark suit and a hairdryer. Park a joke toothpaste tube n your car by the side of the road and point the hairdryer at traffic. a clothes tag n “toothpaste” is a substance you use to electronic objects on clothes that make clean your teeth. You buy it in “tubes” The drivers will think you are a traffic police officer and slow down the alarm sound when you try to pass a doughnut n as they pass you. If a real police officer asks you what you are through the shop exit a round cake with a hole in it to go off phr vb to dry out phr vb doing, just say that you are drying your hair, or that you spilled to sound to dry completely some coffee on the ground and you are trying to dry it up. knowing full well exp to pick up phr vb knowing certainly to take something by using your an ad n abbr fingers and to put that thing in your A Bad Taste In The Mouth an advertisement. A small piece of hands publicity in a newspaper the intercom system n Put some shaving foam into your partner’s toothpaste tube. Make to seek vb a telephone in your house that you sure you are there to watch the reaction as they try to clean their to look for use to talk with people who are in the to spray vb street teeth with the disgusting substance. if you “spray” someone, you throw ASAP abbr liquid on them as soon as possible a tissue n to wander about phr vb Free Food a small piece of paper often used for to walk in a place with no particular Buy a box of doughnuts and leave them open so they dry out cleaning your nose objective a suit n to figure out phr vb completely. Then put them near the coffee machine in the office a formal jacket and trousers of the to understand so everyone will see them. Your victims will pick them up, bite same colour and material into them and discover they are rock hard. What fun! 14 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

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AUDIO Films NOTTING HILL NOTTING HILL Scene I In this scene William and Anna are on the sofa eating ice-cream. Anna is upset because the newspapers have just published some nude photos of her that were secretly taken many years ago: Anna: (angry) The thing that’s so irritating is that now I’m so totally fierce when it comes to nudity clauses. William: (surprised) You actually have clauses in your contract about nudity? Anna: (serious) Definitely. “You may show the dent at the top of the artist’s buttocks - but neither cheek. In the event of a stunt person being used, the artist must have full consultation.” William: (shocked) You have a stunt bottom? Anna: (serious) I could have a stunt bottom, yes. William: (serious) “Notting Hill” is a romantic comedy about an ordinary Would you be tempted to go for a slightly better English guy who falls in love with an internationally bottom than your own? famous American actress. Things start off well, but then… Anna: (serious) Definitely. This is important stuff. Books & Underwear William: (surprised) William Thacker’s life doesn’t seem to be going anywhere. He’s It’s one hell of a job. What do you put on your an English guy who runs a bookshop. Business is not going passport? Profession - Mel Gibson’s bottom. well for two reasons: he doesn’t have many customers; and Anna: (serious) the ones who do come in try to steal books. As a result, poor Actually, Mel does his own ass work. Why wouldn’t Will doesn’t even have enough money for a cappuccino in the he? It’s delicious. morning - he has to get half a cup. William: (confused) He shares a house with a Welsh guy called Spike. Spike is a The ice cream or Mel Gibson’s bottom? total slob who leaves his clothes lying about, walks around Anna: (smiling) in his underwear, spends the day reading the newspaper and Both. eats junk from the fridge. Boy Meets Girl But one day William’s life suddenly changes. He’s working in the bookshop when a world-famous American actress called Anna comes in. William does his best to act normally, but is completely overwhelmed. He talks nervously, becomes very insecure and tries to give her some advice on which books to buy: GLOSSARY upset adj a cheek n inform William: That book’s really not good - just in case, you know, angry and sad you have two “cheeks” - one nude adj on each side of your bottom browsing turned to buying. You’d be wasting your money. with no clothes a stunt person n fierce adj a person who does dangerous aggressive action scenes in a film But Anna decides to buy the book anyway. An insecure, modest a nudity clause n a stunt bottom n William then adds: a paragraph in an actor’s a person who does the nude contract that says if he/she scenes for you in a film in has to be nude which a bottom is shown William: Oh, right, on second thoughts maybe it wasn’t that a dent n stuff n a small hole. In this case, the things bad. Actually, it’s a sort of masterpiece really. vertical line that divides your it’s one hell of a job exp bottom it is a very difficult job a buttock n an ass n offens Classic Hugh Grant! you have two “buttocks” - the part of your body that one on each side of your you sit on bottom Will their love survive the pressures of a show-business lifestyle? Can Anna really be in love with this poor, insignificant English guy? 16 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

NOTTING HILL Our Opinion Scene 2 This is a great comedy. There’s fantastic chemistry It’s late at night and William is at home on the sofa. between Hugh Grant and Julia Roberts, and the film is Anna is sleeping upstairs. Spike, William’s flatmate, even funnier because we know that Julia is playing a part comes down to talk to William: that is more or less her real-life character, particularly when she talks about her problems with the press and her William: (tired) own obsessions with weight. Hello. Spike: (excited) FILM FACTS Hello. I wonder if I could have a little word. William: (angry) Starring: Hugh Grant and Julia Roberts Spike. Director: Roger Michell Spike: (excited) Release Date: 1999 I don’t want to interfere, or anything… but she’s Genre: romantic comedy split up from her boyfriend, that’s right, isn’t it? William: (tired) Maybe. Spike: (excited) And she’s in your house. William: (tired) Yes. Spike: (excited) Well, isn’t this perhaps a good opportunity to… slip her one? William: (angry) Spike. For God’s sake - she’s in trouble - get a grip. Spike: (understanding) Right. Right. You think it’s the wrong moment. Fair enough. (pause) Do you mind if I have a go? William: (angry) Spike. Spike:(understanding) No - you’re right. William: (tired) I’ll talk to you in the morning. Spike: (worried) Okay, okay. Might be too late, but okay. (William tries to get back to sleep) GLOSSARY to run vb the fridge n to control and direct a business the cold “room” in the kitchen for total adj mod keeping food fresh this word is used to say that overwhelmed adj something is an extreme example amazed, shocked or perfect example to browse vb GLOSSARY a slob n to look at things in a general way a flatmate n to have sex with some-one someone who is very lazy and to waste money exp the person you share an for God’s sake exp offens never cleans to spend money on things you apartment with an exclamation of anger or to leave things lying about exp don’t really need to have a little word exp surprise to leave clothes, etc on the floor a masterpiece n to speak to someone get a grip exp underwear n a work of art to split up phr vb “control yourself” clothing you wear under your chemistry n to separate do you mind if I have ordinary clothes if there is “chemistry” between to slip someone one a go? exp junk n people, those people have a very exp inform “do you mind if I try?” rubbish, food that is bad for you good relationship For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 17

10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! 10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! What Christmas traditions are there in your country? In this article, we’re going to look at 10 important traditions (and some of their origins) from English-speaking countries. So, you’ll learn something about a different culture, and you’ll have things to talk about during the holiday period! Read over the information. Then, see if you can do the exercises on the following pages. 1 Trees 2 Stockings You’ll find a Christmas tree in most homes in the UK at It’s typical for children to leave a stocking by the fireplace this time of the year. Some people decorate the tree early on 24th December. This is so “Santa” (aka the parents) (at the start of December), while others leave it until 24th. can fill it with little gifts. Apparently, the tradition comes Typical things to put on a Christmas tree include fairy from Saint Nicholas (270-343 AD), who once threw some lights, baubles and tinsel. The origin of the Christmas tree gold down the goes back to 16th chimney of a poor century Germany. man’s home. Later, in 1841, German By chance, the Prince Albert (Queen gold fell into Victoria’s husband) some stockings brought the custom that had been to England when he left there to dry. put up a Christmas Incidentally, St tree at Windsor Nicholas is known Castle to remind him as “Sinterklaas” in of the ones he had the Netherlands, as a child… and the which is where the tradition just grew name Santa Claus from there. comes from. 3 Carols 4 Calendars Carols are Christmas songs like the world-famous Silent It’s common to see Advent calendars in many homes Night. Many traditional English carols come from around during Christmas. These are little calendars with a the 18th and 19th centuries, such as God Rest Ye Merry Christmas image, and 24 little windows with the numbers Gentlemen. Other more modern Christmas songs include 1 to 24 written on them in random order. The numbers Rudolph the Red-Nosed represent the 24 days before Christmas Day (on 25th Reindeer, Last Christmas December). Behind each window, there’s a little chocolate (by Wham) and and a picture such as a reindeer, snowman, present... Bing Crosby’s White The first advent calendars, like the ones we have today, Christmas. In towns appeared in Germany in the early 1900s. and cities all over the UK, people sing carols in the streets or town squares. Some even sing at home with the family; or they go “caroling”, which consists of going from house to house singing carols. 18 / www.learnhotenglishcorp.com/en / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

5 Cards 6 Turkeys Many people in the UK send Christmas The star of many Christmas dinners cards. In fact, if you visit someone’s house (served any time from 2pm to 7pm) is a during the Christmas period, it’s typical roast turkey. The first turkeys, which came to see a display of cards sent by friends from Mexico, were brought to England and family members. The tradition was in the 16th century by Turkish merchants 10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! started by Sir Henry Cole (1808-1882) and (which is where the name “turkey” comes artist John Horsley. Together, they created from). King Henry VIII (1491-1547) was the the first Christmas card in 1843 as a way of first king to enjoy turkey for Christmas. For encouraging people to send more letters many years, the meat was too expensive for and use the postal service. Cards can have most households, but it became popular a variety of images on them, including after turkey prices decreased in the 1950s. religious ones GLOSSARY (such as the Fairy lights = small coloured lights to baby Jesus), decorate things (such as a Christmas tree) Baubles = coloured glass balls that you can wintery ones hang on a Christmas tree Tinsel = a form of decoration that consists (like snowy of a piece of thread (string) with coloured, trees), or fantasy metal strips on it A stocking = a long, thick sock for keeping ones (such as a warm aka = an abbreviation of “also known as”. snowman). We use this to say that something has another name A gift = something you give someone for their birthday, Christmas, etc. (a present) A saint = a dead person who is officially 7 Plants 8 Crackers recognised by the Christian church as a perfect Christian It’s typical to decorate houses with plants Christmas Crackers are placed on the table Advent = the period between the Sunday at Christmas. Holly and ivy are evergreens, for dinner. The idea is to open them with closest to the 30th of November and Christmas Day so they provide some colour during the someone else. To do this, each person holds In random order = if you put things “in random order”, you put them in any order, dark months; and holly also has bright red a thin piece of paper that goes through the not according to any special plan or method berries. Another typical plant is mistletoe. middle of the cardboard cylinder inside the A reindeer = an animal like Bambi or Rudolph with large horns (antlers) that lives It’s typical to hang it above a door, and the cracker. On the count of three both people in northern Europe A snowman = if you make a “snowman”, custom is to kiss under it. The tradition of pull on their end of the paper, and BANG, you use snow to create something that decorating homes with these plants comes there’s a small explosion, which is caused looks like a person A display = if there’s a display of flowers from pagan times. Back then, the plants by a tiny firework inside the cracker. On (for example), the flowers are arranged so people can see them were seen as a way to protect the home from opening the cracker, you can find three A turkey = a bird with a bald head (no hair) that looks like a big chicken; turkey meat is evil spirits; they were also fertility symbols. things: a little present, a joke and a paper popular in many countries crown that you’re supposed to wear during Turkish = from the country Turkey, which is now known as Türkiye the dinner. Christmas crackers were invented A merchant = a person whose job is to buy or sell goods, usually between different by confectioner Thomas Smith (1823-1869) countries in the 1840s as a way of selling more of his An evergreen = a tree or plant that has green leaves all year chocolates, which he placed inside crackers. A berry = a small, round fruit that grows on a plant or tree: strawberry, blackberry, etc. Pagan times = before Christianity – more than 2,000 years ago A fertility symbol = an object that represents birth, life, regeneration… Cardboard = thick paper that can be used to make boxes, cards, etc. A cylinder = a long object with circular ends A firework = an object that produces a loud 9 Mince pies 10 Puddings sound and lots of colour in the sky when you light it Mince pies are little cakes filled with A Christmas pudding is a cake with A crown = a hat that a king or queen wears A confectioner = a person whose job is to mincemeat, which is a mixture of nuts, raisins, nuts and dried fruit. It’s like a make or sell sweets raisins and dried fruit, as well as spices fruitcake, except it’s steamed instead of Mincemeat = a) a sweet mixture of fruit, nuts, etc.; b) meat that has been cut into like nutmeg and cinnamon. Mince pies being baked. Sometimes, a coin is hidden very small pieces A raisin = a dried grape; a “grape” is a originated from the 12th century when inside the Christmas pudding. The person round fruit that is used to make wine crusaders returned from the Holy Land who finds it will have good luck… and the A spice = a substance used to flavour food: pepper, cumin, basil, paprika… with traditional spices and delicacies. money! Sometimes, brandy is poured over Nutmeg = a hard fruit from a tropical tree that’s used to flavour food, make a Mince pies usually have a star on top, to the pudding, which is lit as it’s taken to bechamel sauce, etc. represent the the table. The pudding can also be served Cinnamon = a spice from a tree that’s used to flavour food, make tea… Christmas with brandy butter, which is made from A crusader = a soldier who went on military expeditions to the Holy Land in the 11th to Star, which butter, sugar 13th centuries led people to and brandy. The The Holy Land = an area in what is now Israel and Palestine near cities where Christ baby Jesus in pudding has its lived: Jerusalem, Bethlehem… A delicacy = a special and delicious food Bethlehem. The origins in 15th from a particular culture, country, area, region, etc. original mince century England. A fruitcake = a cake with dried fruit, nuts, pies had meat in etc. To steam = to cook food using steam (the them, but these Do you share any hot gas that’s produced when water boils at 100ºC) days, they’re of these traditions To bake = to cook food in an oven just sweet. in your country? To light (past: lit) = if you “light” something, you put fire on it so it burns For great private language classes, e-mail: [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 19

10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! 10 CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS! EXERCISES EXERCISES TO HELP YOU REMEMBER THE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS! Answers on page 44 1 Gap-fill exercise 2 Sentence completion Complete the sentences with the words from below. Complete the sentences with the missing letters. 1. Small coloured lights to decorate things (such as a kiss tree sugar fruit cards crown steamed plants Christmas tree) are fa lights 1. A Christmas is something that people 2. Coloured glass balls that you can hang on a decorate in their homes at Christmas. Christmas tree are known as ba 2. Many people in the UK send to each 3. A decoration that consists of a piece of thread other at Christmas. (string) with coloured, metal strips on it is 3. Holly and ivy are evergreen that are tin used to decorate homes. 4. A long, thick sock for keeping warm is a sto 4. Mistletoe is typically hung above a door, and the 5. Something you give someone for their birthday, custom is to under it. Christmas, etc. (a present) is a gi 5. Christmas crackers have three things inside them: a 6. An animal like Bambi or Rudolph with large horns little present, a joke and a paper . (antlers) that lives in northern Europe is a 6. Mince pies are little cakes filled with mincemeat, re which is a mixture of nuts, raisins and dried 7. If you make one of these, you use snow to create . something that looks like a person = a sno 7. A Christmas pudding is a cake with raisins, nuts and 8. A bird with a bald head (no hair) that looks like a big dried fruit that’s . chicken is a tu 8. Brandy butter is made from butter, and 9. A hat that a king or queen wears is a cr brandy. 10. A sweet mixture of fruit, nuts, raisins that’s inside a mince pie is mince 11. “Sinterklaas” is the Dutch (from the Netherlands) word for S C 12. Christmas songs such as the world-famous Silent Night are known as ca 13. A calendar with the numbers 1 to 24 written on them to represent the 24 days before Christmas is an Ad ca These eBooks will guarantee idioms you learn and remember over 500 idioms! Try one out for yourself, it’s pure magic! Tap here to buy! These fantastic eBooks come Phrasal verbs with over 500 really useful phrasal verbs + images + audio Tap here to buy! booklets files + example sentences to help you remember them! 20 / www.learnhotenglishcorp.com/en / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

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Here are some more interesting facts and figures from around the world AUDIO Trivia MISCELLANEOUS TRIVIA 3 MISCELLANEOUS TRIVIA 3 Donald Duck comics were banned in Finland because Donald wasn’t wearing trousers. These days, Finns are more liberal minded… and The vampire bat’s favourite animals for blood are cows, pigs, and horses. In one year, a colony of 100 vampire bats can drink the Americans are more conservative. blood of 25 cows. Luckily we don’t appear on their menu. A dog’s power of smell is 20 times better than ours; and a dog’s The most powerful earthquake in the US happened in 1811 in New overall smell is also 20 times stronger than ours… in most cases. Madrid, Missouri. The quake lasted three minutes and was felt 1,500 kilometres away. Bamboo (the tallest grass in the world) can grow up to 90 cm in a day, which is just as well because hungry Pandas consume huge 55% of the world’s population think the sun is a planet. It’s actually quantities of it. a star, in case you were part of that 55%. The word “samba” means “to rub navels together”. The risk of having a heart attack is 50% higher on Mondays. Apparently, the stress of going back to work after a relaxing weekend at home is just too much for us. Reindeer milk has more fat than milk from cows. In the past, it was actually legal to grow opium in the US. And you could buy marijuana and cocaine over the counter from any drug Bone is stronger, centimetre for centimetre, than steel. store. In supermarkets you will find that the best products are about 150 We laugh about 15 times a day on average. Monday is the worst cm off the ground. This is so you can see the products clearly… and day of the week with just 4 laughs. But by Friday most people are hopefully fall into the temptation of buying them. laughing about 20 times a day. So, roll on Friday! Chickens in the US are working overtime: in 1994 they produced You may have wondered why American football players all huddle 73,866 million eggs; and in 2001 it was 97,452 million eggs. How together during the game. Well, it all started years ago with a New many are they going to produce this year? Wait and see. Jersey team who had a deaf player. The players used sign language 22 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

MISCELLANEOUS TRIVIA 3 photos of their “loved ones”. Research indicates that mosquitoes are attracted to people who have recently eaten bananas. Monkeys beware! The ancient Egyptians worshipped a goddess called Nut, who was goddess of the sky. About a third of all Americans flush the toilet while they’re still sitting on it. You’re more likely to get stung by a bee on a windy day. Apparently, the poor bees can’t control their sense of direction and crash into us. Neanderthal man’s brain was bigger than ours. However, it wasn’t as effective, of course. The Piraroa Indians of Venezuela cook tarantulas and eat them. Apparently, the spiders taste like nuts. The queen termite can have 30,000 children every day, and 500,000,000 children during her lifetime. She usually dies at the age of 50… completely exhausted. GLOSSARY to ban vb a lightning strike n to prohibit a bright flash in the sky when there is to talk with him, and they didn’t want the opposition to see the just as well exp violent weather and electricity comes good, fortunate or lucky down signals. So now you know! steel n to frown vb a type of very strong metal to move your eyes closer together to to work overtime exp show that you are angry Most lipstick contains fish scales - it gives it that glossy, shiny to work more than your standard hours don’t mess with me exp look. Yuk! an earthquake n don’t do or say anything to me because if there is an “earthquake”, the ground I am dangerous moves a lot and buildings fall a lung n a quake abbr the bag in your chest with air Meat-eating animals won’t eat another animal that has been killed an abbreviation of “earthquake” to go jogging exp by a lightning strike. [How do they know that?] to rub together n to go running as a form of exercise to move something against another to lean over phr vb thing rapidly and up and down to move your body to one side It takes 43 of your muscles to frown, but only 17 to smile. You can a navel n rubber n the “hole” in your stomach an elastic substance develop your facial muscles by permanently frowning - it’ll also give a reindeer n bouncy adj you a “don’t mess with me” look. a type of big Bambi. Santa Claus uses when a ball “bounces”, it moves up and them to pull his vehicle down on the ground. Something that is over the counter exp “bouncy” has the ability to do this Your right lung takes in if you buy something “over the a wallet n counter”, you buy it in a shop. The an object people (usually men) carry in more air than your left one “counter” is the long table in a shop their trousers. It is used to carry money, does. Next time you go behind which the shop assistant stands credit cards, etc a drug store n US beware exp jogging, lean over to the a shop that sells legal drugs and be careful right so you can run for a medicine. A “chemist’s” in British a nut n English a mad, insane person. Also a hard dried longer period. roll on Friday exp fruit that you can eat I want it to be Friday to flush vb to huddle together phr vb to press a button on a toilet so that Dogs, cows, horses, donkeys to form a group with people water goes into the toilet and cleans it deaf adj to sting vb (past: stung) and pigs are all mentioned with no ability to hear if an insect “stings” you, it bites you in the Bible… but not the sign language n and puts poison in you language which deaf people use. They a bee n cat. Poor things! speak with their hands a small, black and yellow insect that lipstick n makes honey paint for your lips (around your mouth) a windy day n Bubble gum contains rubber. Frequent consumers of this substance scales n a day with a lot of wind may notice how they have become more “bouncy” over the years. fish have these all over their bodies a tarantula n yuk! excl a type of large, dangerous spider poeple say this when they see or hear a termite n Apparently, 40% of people who have dogs or cats carry pictures of something horrible a small insect that eats wood their pets in their wallets. Only 30% of people with children have For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 23

VOCABULARY THE BANK Here is some useful vocabulary related to the bank. VOCABULARY THE BANK A bank statement - these The bank manager - are those letters from the bank bank managers have the ability that tell you how much you’ve to be so very charming… when spent or saved. They come in they want your money. those easy-to-identify envelopes that are so depressing to see A bank - there’s one on every when you’re in the red. street corner, but it’s never the one you’re looking for. A credit card - so easy to use, so easy to abuse! A signature - doesn’t it They’re also known as your feel good signing all those “flexible friend”, although documents! “flexible enemy” would be more appropriate. An overdraft - this is permission from the bank to A cashier - in Britain these take out more money than you bank workers who serve you are have. It’s great in theory, but ever so friendly and helpful… disastrous in practice. until they know you’ve got money problems. A purse - this is an extremely small bag which Coins - there are always lots women use to carry their of these pieces of metal money money. In the US a “purse” is in your pocket when you don’t used to refer to a small bag need them; and they seem to that women carry (“handbag” mysteriously disappear every time in British English). you desperately need to make a call from a public phone box. A mortgage - this is the money you borrow to buy a A cheque book - this house, and it’s usually with little book makes you feel very you for at least twenty years… important when you sign your which is a long time to be name; but less important when paying for something, especially the cheques start to bounce if you’ve made a bad purchase. back… boing! Boing! Boing! A loan - this is the money Cash - if you carry lots of that banks give you to start this paper money with you, the up your business or buy a probability of you getting robbed bigger car. It’s all very exciting or losing your wallet increases at first… until interest rates by 100% - it’s a rule of nature. shoot up. GLOSSARY A cash machine - these in the red exp if something “fits” in a space, it enters holes in the wall that throw out if you are “in the red”, you must pay that space comfor-tably money (ATMs in the US) are so money to the bank - you have taken to pay up phr vb out more money from the bank than useful. But be careful to check you have put in to return the money that you have a call n borrowed from some-one who’s standing behind you! a telephone call a court case n to bounce vb a legal process that decides if someone when a ball “bounces” it goes up and is innocent or guilty A wallet - isn’t it incredible down on the ground. When a cheque charming adj how many useless pieces of “bounces”, the bank does not agree to nice, kind and pleasant pay the money and it “bounces” back to borrow vb paper actually fit in a wallet? to you - just like a ball if you “borrow” money from the bank, boing exp the bank gives you money for a limited this is the noise a ball makes when it period of time. You return the money A bank letter - this is bounces with interest the angry letter from the bank a wallet n to start up a business phr vb an object people keep in their pockets. to start operating a business telling you to pay up or suffer It contains money, credit cards, etc, etc to shoot up phr vb the additional expense of a to fit vb to increase rapidly and a lot court case. 24 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Want to do an internship with Hot English? For more information, e-mail [email protected]

AUDIO TYPICALDIALOGUES TYPICAL DIALOGUES THE BANK ROBBER Here’s a dialogue with lots of useful vocabulary and Patrick: Erm, I don’t mind, er, tens, please. expressions to use when you’re in a bank. In this scene, Manager: OK. Here’s 20,000 pounds. (she gives him the money) Patrick, a “professional” bank robber has come to rob. You know I was just thinking. Have you ever considered Sarah, the bank manager, talks to him. opening a deposit account? With all that money we (Any similarity between this dialogue and one in the Woody Allen film “Take the could offer you very good interest rates - at least 20%. Money and Run” is purely coincidential) Patrick: Erm, I’m not sure. Manager: Or perhaps you’d be more interested in a current Cashier: Good morning sir, how may I help you? account. Patrick: I want to cash this cheque, please? Patrick: Well, what are the advantages? Cashier: OK, sir, just fill in the form out and sign it at the Manager: You get a cheque book, a debit card and instant access bottom with no charges. Patrick: (whispering) Actually, I’ve come to rob the bank Patrick: I think I would prefer the deposit account. Can I open it Cashier: I beg your pardon. now? Patrick: (whispering) I said, I’ve come to rob the bank. Manager: Oh yes. Just wait here and I’ll go and get the necessary Cashier: I’m sorry sir, I can’t hear you. Can you speak up, please? forms. Would you like Patrick: I said, I HAVE COME TO ROB. a coffee? Cashier: Oh, you need to speak to the bank manager. (shouting) Patrick: Oh, yes, that would be nice. All this robbing makes me Mrs Windgate, there’s a gentleman here to see you about thirsty. White with “Bob”. two sugars, please. Patrick: “ROB” - I’ve come to rob. Manager: OK, I’ll be back in two minutes. (outside the office the Manager: Good morning, sir. How may I help you? manager talks to Michael, the cashier) Michael, call the Patrick: As I was explaining to your colleague, I’ve… police, would you? It’s another one of those robbers. Manager: Let’s go into my office where we can talk in private. Cashier: Oh not again. Did he want coffee? (they go and sit down in her office) Manager: Yes, white with two sugars. Patrick: Here, read this note. Cashier: OK, I won’t be a second. (On the phone) Hello? Is this Manager: (reading) “Please don’t leave your dirty clothes on the the police station… floor.” Patrick: No, not that, the other side! That was a note for my GLOSSARY wife. to cash a cheque exp would like Manager: Oh: “Give me your rash... ” to give a cheque to a bank. The bank tens / twenties n Patrick: Not “rash”, “cash”. Give me all your cash. gives you money (cash) in exchange this refers to notes (paper money) with to fill in phr vb a value of ten pounds (tens) or twenty Manager: Oh, it definitely looks like “rash”, you should be more to complete pounds (twenties) to sign vb erm exp careful writing your “r’s”. to put your name on a document this is the noise that people make when Now let me see, there’s more: “give me your cash or I’ll to whisper vb they are thinking about what to say to speak in a very low voice a deposit account n kiss you…”. a rash n a bank account that pays a high Patrick: Not “kiss”, “kill”! an area of your skin that is red and is interest. You usually cannot touch the irritating you money for a period of time Manager: Oh, OK, here, I’ll correct it for you. Now let’s read it once cash n a current account n more, shall we? paper or metal money - not credit cards an ordinary account that usually pays no or cheques interest Patrick: Yes, please? how would you like the money? exp thirsty adj Manager: So, it says, “give me all your cash or I’ll kill you”. That’s this is what bank employees ask if you are “thirsty”, you want to drink when they give you money. You have white adj much better, a real to specify what type of notes (paper a “white coffee” is a coffee with milk improvement - it actually makes sense. Now, how would money) or coins (metal money) you you like the money? In tens or twenties? FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 25

CROSSWORD ANSWERS ON PAGE 44 CROSSWORD Across Crossword Clues: Down 1: An area of red skin on your body that irritates you. 2: A photo 3: All the routine work that you do in an office involving paper, 4: A period of time when the ground moves violently and such as writing letters, documents, etc buildings fall 9: A letter the bank sends you with details about your account. 5: To wash with water - usually to take away soap. A bank s To r 10: A person who tricks people in order to do something illegal 6: An adjective used to describe something that smells bad 13: The day in Britain when people play tricks on one another. 7: To move your tongue over a surface Fool’s Day 8: To launch a product on the market. To bring 14: A trick that is designed to make people look stupid. a new product Ah 9: The words and text for a film 15: To see something on your computer. To see something on 11: Hard and rigid 12: An alien ship. An Unidentified Object (a UFO) 17: To educate a child socially and morally. To bring 15: To put your name on an official document a child 16: The hard part of skin at the end of your fingers 19: Part of a nail that you have cut from your fingers or toes 18: An expression that means, “stop being so indirect - talk more 20: To reduce prices. To bring prices directly”. To get to the p__________ 21: To pay for something immediately. To up-front 20: To fall or decrease Practice English 1,000 words & expressions in 30 typical English conversational Tap here to buy! Conversations situations. Improve your English speaking and skills! 26 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact us for fantastic online classes for your company, wherever you are: [email protected]

Learn better English for your future… FAST Tap here to buy! Tap here to buy! Tap here to buy! Tap here to buy! This eBook will make Learn over 1,000 Learn over Learn 500 more conversations in English words and 500 words and words and English so much expressions so you expressions to expressions to easier. There are can speak English improve your really improve your over 30 audio fluently when you business English! business English! files with typical travel outside your This eBook comes The words and conversations, country! Learn the with audio files and expressions you and exercises with language for over 30 videos so you can learn in this eBook answers at the back typical situations and learn the language will help you do so you can practise make travelling abroad you need to do business all over what you’ve learnt. easy with this eBook! business in English! the world! Tap here to buy! Tap here to buy! Tap here to buy! Tap here to buy! Learn 250 idioms Learn 250 more Learn over 250 phrasal Learn 250 more phrasal and really improve idioms with audio files, verbs with audio files, verbs and learn how your speaking and example sentences and example sentences and to say them with the listening skills. This images. This eBook will images. Native English audio files. This eBook eBook will make help you understand speakers use phrasal will help you go from learning idioms the meaning of the verbs all the time, so being an Intermediate easy and fast! Start most useful idioms you need to learn them student to an Advanced improving this in English. Learn the too. Start improving one. Learn the language important area of language easily and this important area of easily and quickly with English NOW! quickly with our fun English NOW with our super effective method. our fantastic eBook! method. www.learnhotenglish.com

WORDSEARCH See if you can identify the word below. Then, try to find these words (here on the right) in the Wordsearch. WORDSEARCH & MATCHING Good luck! Answers on page 44. SKILL HIRE BAN BURY CALL BASKET LAND FROST TRUNCHEON TIN COMMUTER DAMP BRA LOCAL MATCHING A: A skill B: To ban See if you can match the two columns. Answers on page 44. 1. A person who travels to work by car or public transport 2. To put a dead body in the ground C: A call 3. A metal container for food or drinks D: To land 4. A person who comes from the place you are referring to E: A truncheon 5. When a plane arrives on the ground in a controlled way F: A commuter 6. An ability to do something very well G: A bra 7. To prohibit H: To hire 8. Clothing women wear over their chest I: To bury 9. A long, hard, solid stick that police officers use to hit people J: A basket 10. To pay money to use for a limited period of time K: Frost 11. A telephone call L: A tin 12. A little bit wet M: Damp 13. A container for fruit or vegetables, or for carrying things in a supermarket N: A local 14. Ice on the ground - usually in the morning Travel English eBook Travel English don’t leave home without it! Tap here to buy! 28 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

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AUDIO DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC Dear Dr Fingers, class: I would like to know about the difference between “needn’t have + Today ’s participle” and “didn’t need to”. Please could you help me? Thank you, Aurora (by e-mail). NEEDN’T HAVIP E LE Hello, + PAST PARTDIC TO I would be delighted to help you with the difference between “needn’t have” and “didn’t need to”. OK, let’s get going. DIDN’T NEE Necessities Firstly, both these constructions are used to say that something A: “You needn’t have gone.” wasn’t necessary in the past. The following sentences, “A” and “B”, B: “You didn’t need to go.” both mean more or less the same: A: “You needn’t have done it.” Sentence “A” means, “you went, but it wasn’t necessary”. B: “You didn’t need to do it.” And sentence “B” means, “it wasn’t necessary to go. I’m not sure However, there is a subtle difference between them. Let’s look at whether you went or not.” each case individually. Let’s look at some more examples: Needn’t Have + Participle We use “needn’t have + participle” to talk about things that we A: “You needn’t have left any food for the cat”, which means, did in the past and that weren’t necessary. Let’s look at some “you left food for the cat but it wasn’t necessary”. examples: B: “You didn’t need to leave any food for the cat”, which means, “You needn’t have written that report for me - Sandra had already “it wasn’t necessary to leave any food for the cat. I don’t know done it”, which means: whether you did it or not”. “You wrote the report, but it wasn’t necessary because Sandra had already done it”. A: “You needn’t have spoken to him”, which means, “you spoke to him, but it wasn’t necessary”. “You needn’t have come to the meeting - there were enough B: “You didn’t need to speak to him”, which means, “it wasn’t people”, which means: necessary to speak to him. I don’t know whether you did it or “You came to the meeting, but it wasn’t necessary because there not”. were enough people”. Well, that’s all for today. Just before I go, here’s my “hot” tip of Didn’t Need To the month: However, we use “didn’t need to” when we aren’t sure whether the action in the past was completed or not. For example: “You didn’t need to clean”, which means, “it wasn’t necessary to clean. I don’t know whether you cleaned or not”. Now compare these two examples: Dr Fingers’ Hot Tip Use “needn’t have + participle” to say that an action in the past wasn’t necessary; Use “didn’t need to” when you aren’t sure if the action was completed or not. Happy learning and see you all next month. Bye. Dr Fingers. 30 For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com /

AUDIO BUSINESSDIALOGUES BUSINESS DIALOGUES THE PROPOSAL Hi and welcome to the “Business Dialogues” section of Hot English. These dialogues will help you learn lots of useful vocabulary and expressions. In our first dialogue three directors of the “Hotty” television going to go places. station are discussing the company’s performance. Simon, the Mary: It’d be quite simple, really. And we could offer the boss, is asking Mary and Peter about ideas for new programmes. winner the chance to see his or her script become a real Listen to the dialogue and answer these two questions: TV series. Simon: Mary you are a complete genius - tell me more. 1. What is Peter’s proposal? Mary: Yes, well what I was planning was... (fades out) 2. What is Mary’s proposal? Simon: I’ve called this meeting to discuss our plans for next Exercise year. Peter, what ideas do you have? Now let’s try another activity. Listen to the sentences from Peter: Well, my department has been looking into some recent the previous dialogue. In each one there is a missing word successes and failures from the other channels and… and a beeping sound. Write down what you think the word Simon: Look, Peter, stop wasting my time! Just get to the is. (The answers are on page 44.) point! 1. I’ve called this meeting to discuss our plans _________ Peter: Right, erm, well, we thought of organising a competition next year. amongst the staff to see if they could come up with 2. My department has been looking _____________ some ideas for a new drama series. recent successes and failures. Simon: A competition? Amongst the staff? Are you mad? 3. Just get _________ the point! Peter: Erm, there may be a creative genius hidden there… 4. To see if they could come ____ with ideas. somewhere, you never know… 5. I think our programmes have been appealing _____ a Simon: Listen, I don’t pay you good money to come up with very small share of the market. ideas like that. Mary, what have you got for me? Mary: Well, we’ve seen our ratings drop dramatically over these past few months. I think our programmes have been GLOSSARY appealing to a very small share of the market. a success n and is imaginative Simon: Now this is the kind of language I like to hear. Peter, you something that makes money and is the ratings n popular the statistics that show how popular could learn from her. a failure n each television programme is Mary: We’ve identified a number of very successful shows the something that loses money and is not to drop vb popular to fall, to decrease competition do, and I think we can adapt them for our stop wasting my time exp a share n own channel. “stop talking about things that aren’t a part interesting or important” to get vb Simon: Yes, I like it. Are you getting all this, Peter? It’s all get to the point exp to understand about understanding and reacting to the market. “start talking to me about the main a script n topic of your conversation” the text for a film Mary: And in order to continue appealing to our existing erm exp to think big exp people make this sound when they are to be ambitious and to think positively viewers, we need a new drama series. So I thought we thinking about what to say and with optimism about a situation could organise a script-writing competition for the staff to come up with phr vb she’s going to go places exp to think of she is going to be rich, important and here at the studio. a creative genius n successful Simon: A script-writing competition. Fantastic! Great! a person who is very good at writing Did you hear that, Peter? This girl thinks big. She’s FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 31

COLOURS IDIOMS This month we are looking at some more idioms related to various colours. COLOURS IDIOMS Illustrations by Jorge Tarruella A golden oldie A record that was very popular in the past and that people still know and like today: “They play all the golden oldies on this show.” To give someone a golden handshake A large amount of money paid to someone when they leave a company - particularly if they are forced to leave: “When he left the company, he got a 35 thousand euro golden handshake.” To be tickled pink Golden handcuffs To be very pleased about something: Money or benefits given by a company “I was tickled pink when I heard you to an important employee in order to were getting married.” influence that employee to stay in the company: “She got half-price shares in the company, which acted like golden handcuffs because she had to stay with the company for at least 10 years before she could sell the shares.” To be yellow/ GLOSSARY yellow- Please note that some of bellied (US) the words in this glossary Not to be box are literal translations of parts of idiomatic brave; to expressions. be easily a handshake n frightened: if you give someone a “handshake”, you join hands “What’s wrong, with that person and move Mr Jones? It’s your hand up and down as a way of saying hello or only a lion. Are goodbye you yellow, or an oldie n inform an old person, song or thing. something?” It is used in a nice way and is not generally insulting handcuffs n police put these around your wrists (the joint between your hand and arm) when they arrest you A golden boy/girl a share n a participation in a company Someone who is successful and to tickle vb admired: to move your fingers over someone’s body in order to “Wilkinson is the golden boy of make them laugh rugby after England’s spectacular a belly n a stomach victory over Australia.” 32 For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com /

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fashion GIORGIO ARMANI GIORGIO ARMANI - “THE KING OF JACKETS” This is the second in our new series on fashion designers from around the world. This month, Giorgio Armani. What are his clothes like? What does he have to offer? What is there for you? A Range Of Products Armani jacket in the film Annie Hall) to wear his clothes. During Giorgio Armani started his company in 1974. Since then the the 1980s Armani reached superstar status when his suits were company has gone from strength to strength, and sales are now worn by thousands of yuppies. in excess of $1billion per year. The range of products includes accessories, swimwear, eyewear, watches, jewellery, home The King Of Jackets interiors, fragrances and cosmetics, as well as clothing. And there So how did it all start? Giorgio Armani didn’t start out in the are no less than 13 different clothing lines, including Giorgio fashion industry. In fact, he almost seems to have fallen into it Armani, Armani Jeans, Emporio Armani by accident. After leaving school he and Armani Golf. The company has studied medicine at university for two recently acquired a number of factories years, but didn’t like it so he dropped in order to maintain control over quality out. He dabbled in photography, then and product distribution. So how did worked for a local department store Armani manage this? as a buyer. He started working as a fashion A Fashion Icon designer in 1961 when he joined the In 1982, Armani’s status as a fashion prestigious fashion house of Nino icon was confirmed when he appeared Cerruti. He left to become a freelance on the cover of Time magazine (only designer in 1970, and launched his own the second designer to do that since menswear label in 1974, in partnership Christian Dior in the 1940s). Just before with his friend Sergio Galeotti. He that, he had done a lot of clever self- was an immediate success, and was promotion. He offered his designs to proclaimed the “King of Jackets” by film stars and got Richard Gere (who the media after his first collection was wore Armani suits in the film American shown. The company expanded quickly, Gigolo) and Diane Keaton (who wore an adding a womenswear line in 1975. 34 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

Fake ad GIORGIO ARMANI & FAKE AD Armani Style So what best defines the Armani Style? Armani is best known for elegance. His designs are very simple (he does not believe in superfluous detail), with precise cutting and a beautiful design. Prior to Armani, men’s jackets were very rigid. Armani revolutionised men’s fashion when he designed his unstructured jacket, creating a loose jacket that was incredibly comfortable to wear. He also revolutionised women’s fashion. His relaxed designs for women are inspired by his menswear designs (he also uses menswear fabrics in his women’s suits and jackets). Unlike most long-running fashion designers, there is very little in Armani’s archive that looks ridiculous or dated. He sticks to a tried-and-tested formula and his fashion shows are filled with wearable clothes, and there is nothing over-the-top. The only problem is cost. VITAL STATISTICS Nationality: Italian Born: July 11 1934 in Piacenza, northern Italy. Best known for: beautifully tailored suits in quality fabrics. Style: elegant, comfortable and classic. Star Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ GLOSSARY accessories n superfluous adj articles that complement your clothes, extra, unnecessary such as belts, watches and jewellery loose adj a yuppie n if clothing is “loose”, it is big and a young, middle-class person with a comfortable well-paid job to stick to something exp to drop out phr vb to continue doing the thing you were to leave school or university before the doing before final exams a tried-and-tested formula n to dabble vb a formula that has been tried and if you “dabble” in an activity, you do works well that activity as a hobby, and you don’t wearable clothes exp take it too seriously clothes that you can wear. In this a department store n case, ordinary, normal clothes a large shop that sells many different over-the-top adj things exaggerated For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 35

Weird World SWISS SWISS SPAGHETTI & STUPID BRITS SPAGHETTI & STUPID BRITS These days, British people eat food from all over the world; and Italian food is probably the most popular. There are also shops selling spices from countries such as India, China, Thailand and Indonesia. However, this is something new, and years ago most British people ate potatoes and meat… and that was basically it. They didn’t even know about things such as pasta or spaghetti… until a very unusual television news report in the 1950s. The Wrong Tree Dimbleby spoke about how the crop that year was successful On 1st April 1957 there was a television programme all about this because it had been a mild winter; and in a tone of absolute “unusual” food: spaghetti. It was on a serious British documentary seriousness he continued: programme called Panorama, which was reporting from southern “Another reason why this may be a bumper year lies in the Switzerland. The narrator was the distinguished presenter, Richard virtual disappearance of the spaghetti weevil, the tiny creature Dimbleby. Dimbleby started the programme by saying: that has caused much concern in the past.” “There is nothing like real, homegrown spaghetti.” The report also cleverly anticipated some questions viewers As Mr Dimbleby discussed the details of the spaghetti crop, there might have. For instance, why, if spaghetti grows on trees, was footage of a rural Swiss family pulling pasta off “spaghetti does it always come in uniform lengths? The answer, trees” and placing it into baskets. But does spaghetti grow according to the reporter, was that, “this is the result of many on trees? No, of course it doesn’t. So years of work by past breeders who what was a reputable British television succeeded in producing the perfect programme doing reporting something spaghetti”. obviously false? The answer was that this was a big joke - an April Fool’s Day hoax. The Spaghetti Farmer Let’s see what happened. The report then went on to talk about the life of a spaghetti farmer, which Much Concern could be quite stressful: The report continued with Mr Dimbleby “The last two weeks of March are an explaining: anxious time for the spaghetti farmer. ”The spaghetti harvest here in Switzerland There’s always the chance of a late is not, of course, carried out on anything frost which, generally impairs the like the tremendous scale of the Italian flavour and makes it difficult to obtain industry. Many of you, I’m sure will top prices in world markets.” have seen pictures of the vast spaghetti At the end of the three-minute film plantations in the Po valley. For the Richard Dimbleby said: Swiss, however, it tends to be more of a “Now we say goodnight to this first day family affair.” of April.” 36 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

SWISS SPAGHETTI & STUPID BRITS Reactions British Food The next morning, the BBC was flooded with calls. Surprisingly, The primary reason for the success was the fact that spaghetti many viewers fell for the report. “Did spaghetti really grow on was mostly unknown at that time. It was considered an exotic trees?”, they wanted to know. Also, many viewers called up food only consumed by the upper-classes and Italian immigrants. wanting to know how they could grow their own spaghetti trees. Even Sir Ian Jacob, the BBC’s director general, later admitted that The receptionists at the BBC diplomatically replied that viewers he had to run to a reference book to check where spaghetti came should, “place a sprig of spaghetti in a from after watching the show. tin of tomato sauce and hope for the best”. And secondly, the show, Panorama, had a lot of prestige at the Later on, when the truth came out, many viewers responded time; and people had a lot of trust in the medium of television favourably to the humour of the spoof; but others complained, and in general. Of course, these days, the British are much more were angry that a serious program like Panorama had been used for sophisticated and regularly enjoy spaghetti dishes… with lots of an absurd joke. So who were the people behind this hoax? ketchup and vinegar, of course. School Days INFORMATION BOX - TREES & MONEY The inspiration for the joke was Charles de Jaeger. He was a Swiss “Money doesn’t grow on trees.” cameraman working for the BBC at the time. He explained how he We often say this expression to children when they ask to buy things, or if they thought up the spoof: forget to turn off lights and generally waste electricity. It is a way of saying that it is difficult to get money and therefore we shouldn’t waste it. “The idea came from my school days in Switzerland. One of my teachers was always saying to us, ‘you’re so stupid you’d think spaghetti grew on trees’. So it had always been in my mind to do the story and I tried for several years. It was not until I was working on Panorama that I got the go-ahead.” “Later, I went to the Swiss Tourist Office, who said they would help, and I flew to Lugano.” Hanging Pasta “We found this hotel in Castiglione, which had trees with leaves on. So I said, ‘we’ll do it here. Let’s go down into Lugano and get some handmade spaghetti’. We did that, and put the strands of spaghetti in a big wooden box, and drove back to put them on the trees. But they wouldn’t hang up. Se we cooked them and then tried to put them on the trees. But this time they fell off because they were so slippery.” GLOSSARY “Then this Swiss guy with us had a brilliant idea: put the spaghetti a spice n to be flooded with calls exp between damp cloths so they were just a little bit wet. That a type of food that gives flavour to to receive many, many calls food to fall for phr vb worked and we got the locals to hang them up. Then they dressed a crop n to believe a joke or trick in national costume and we filmed them climbing on ladders with plants that are grown in large to call up phr vb quantities for food to telephone these baskets, filling them up with pasta, and laying the pasta out footage n just one a sprig n in the sun.” small part of a film or documentary a small part of a plant or tree that has that they show on television been cut from the main plant or tree Charles continued to work with the BBC after this, but wasn’t a basket n a tin n allowed to play any more jokes on the British public. So why was a container for fruit or food. It is a metal container for food or drinks usually made of wood a spoof n the hoax so successful? April Fool’s Day n a trick or joke the 1st of April. It is a day when to think up phr vb British people play jokes on one to imagine GLOSSARY FOR CARTOON another to get the go-ahead exp to get a hoax n permission to do something to let in some warm air exp (plants for eating) and take them to a joke or trick a strand of spaghetti n to do something (like opening a the farm to sell them a mild winter n a small, individual piece of spaghetti window) so warm air can enter a room due to exp a winter that is not very cold to hang up phr vb an organ recital n because of a bumper year n in this case: to put on the tree a classical music concert with an organ to look up phr vb a year when plants grow very well slippery adj to switch on phr vb to look for a word in a dictionary or a weevil n when things are wet and difficult to to press a button on the television so encyclopaedia so you can read the a small insect that attacks plants hold you can watch it definition of the word uniform lengths n damp adj awful adj space n all the same length a little bit wet terrible, horrible, very bad empty area a breeder n a cloth n to gather round phr vb a tin n a person who studies techni-ques for a piece of material used for cleaning to form a circle a metal container for food or drinks growing plants a local n an up-date n to hope for the best exp if you are a frost n a person who is from the area you are a report that gives you some new in a difficult situation, and you do when there is ice on the referring to information something then “hope for the best”, ground a ladder n a harvest n you just hope that everything will be to impair vb a wooden or metal object with steps. the time when you cut the crops alright in the end to make worse or to damage It is used for climbing up higher For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 37

(GLOSSARY ON PREVIOUS PAGE) Weird World Cartoon (glossary on previous page) Illustration by Jorge Tarruella SWISS SPAGHETTI & STUPID BRITS 38 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

True stories from around the world that are hard to believe! AUDIO Strange B U T Tr u e STRANGE BUT TRUE What a Star! Credibility “The really surprising thing is that no one seemed to notice All about a government official, anything strange about the photos. I mean, for a start, most a camera and a museum of the photos were taken in the same room, with the same background; and in a couple of shots you could even see other tourists walking about behind me. Also, some of my photos were with dead stars such as Elvis Presley and John Lennon. But no one seemed to comment on this - it was as if my victims just wanted to give me their money,” Mr Kwook continued. The Money In total Mr Kwook earned more than $50,000. He was finally arrested after one of his victims, John Chandlers of the Australian construction company “Building Perspectives”, alerted the police: “We received one of Mr Kwook’s letters and immediately contacted Names the police. We don’t agree with this sort of behaviour and of The world of business is all about image; and quite often who you course we never paid the money, honestly.” know is more important than what you know. Clients are often so During the trial, other people arrived to give evidence. Marsha impressed with your connections that they’ll buy your product, or Evans, the managing director of the American construction sign your contract. The star of our little story, Mr Kwan Kwook, company “Architectural Design Initiatives” said: became very, very rich just by impressing people with his contacts. “I’ve seen these photos, and the one of him standing next to Bill Clinton is quite convincing. But the one of him with Boris Yeltsin Actors & Politicians is less believable because the waxwork has a strange colour.” At the time of his arrest, Mr Kwan Kwook was working for the government in the Ministry of Public Works. He was a Sentence low-ranking official, and was in charge of the paperwork for all The judge passing sentence said: the major construction projects. One day, he came up with an “Mr Kwook’s method was ingenious and he is a good actor. But he ingenious idea. Mr Kwook explains: is also a debased cheat and I demand a severe sentence.” Kwook “First of all, I wrote letters of introduction to all the major was sentenced to six years in jail. international construction companies I knew about. I explained how I could help them win building contracts if they paid me a GLOSSARY commission… up front. I also included a number of photos of myself with important and famous people such as actors, musicians the Ministry of Public Works n it isn’t the government department that is in a rocket launcher n and politicians. Within a short time, I started receiving replies charge of building and construction a type of gun that fires a rocket that to my letters, and lots of nice donations into my bank account. a low-ranking official n explodes on impact a person who works in a government to rub shoulders with the rich and I don’t know why it worked so well, but I’m sure it had something department who is not very important famous exp to do with the photos.” the paperwork n to be friends with rich and famous the routine part of a job that involves people and go to their parties, etc. writing letters and doing reports Literally, “to rub” means to physically Models to come up with phr vb to think of move against something, going up and down; and “a shoulder” is a part of Mr Kwook continued: a letter of introduction n a letter that your body at the top of your arm “I got all the photos of myself with these famous people at the explains who you are and what you do I mean exp a commission n this is often used to introduce waxwork museum. The museum is full of models of famous people, an amount of money you pay to an something you think is important, or and I just ‘borrowed’ their services. It was simple: I went to the agent as a percentage of the total as a way of emphasising something up front exp a background n museum very early in the morning with a friend. Then, I stood if you pay “up front” for a service, you what you can see behind the main next to the wax versions of famous people and pretended that pay before you receive the service - to subject in a photo pay immediately a shot n I was talking to them. My friend took the photos. Some of the a waxwork museum n a photo photos were very good. I particularly liked the one of me dancing a museum with figures representing honestly exp famous people. These figures are made I promise with Michael Jackson, and another one of me looking at a report of “wax”, which is a substance that is debased adj with Tony Blair. Of course, not all of them were convincing, and also used to make candles (thin sticks with no morals that burn and give you light) a cheat n I never used the one of me with my arm around the Queen’s to borrow vb a person who tricks other people in shoulder, or the one of me and Arnold Schwarzenegger studying a to take something from some-one with order to get money permission for a limi-ted period of time rocket launcher. But generally the photos were acceptable, and to pretend vb my plan worked perfectly as I convinced my victims that I rubbed to act as if something is true, even if shoulders with the rich and famous.” For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 39

Authentic conversations by native British speakers AUDIO Britis h b a r c h a t BRITISH BAR CHAT Boxing This month Philip and Martin are talking about the Simpsons. Listen to their conversation and answer these questions. Remember, you don’t have to understand every word in order to answer the questions. Just listen for the key words (the most important words in the conversation): Exercise 1. In the conversation, what arguments are there in favour of boxing? 2. In the conversation, what arguments are there against boxing? Charles: Hey, did you see the fight last night? It was great! Richard: The boxing? them, aren’t they? It’s the, the only way, you know, the Charles: Yeah. only sort of hope, they’re just being exploited. Richard: I, I, no, I don’t watch boxing. Boxing is barbaric. Charles: They’re not being exploited, they’re given an opportunity to Charles: How can you say that? It’s the most exciting sport on, rise above their, their poverty. you know, available. This is great! Richard: No, again, it’s, it’s a bad message, you know, that you can Richard: It’s not a sport, is it? I mean, it’s just violence. solve your problems with violence. What, what kind of Charles: It is a sport. It’s a competition between two people, and message is that? that’s a sport, you know. People pay to watch it, and they Charles: No, it’s, you can’t, you can’t get rid of it anyway. I mean, watch it and it’s, I think it’s exciting. if you ban it, if you try and ban it. People will just do it. Richard: It’s, it’s, it’s violence and as far as I’m concerned violence It’s better to have it under control, and besides that it’s an is just plain wrong; and you’re sending out the wrong exciting, interesting… message to people by saying that violence is entertaining. Richard: Hey! What’s that noise? Charles: It’s not, it’s not violence. It’s a sport involving a lot of Charles: I don’t know. Seems to be something going on in the skill, physical dexterity and movement, and it’s like a street. I’ll just look out the window. Hey look! There’s a dance, if anything, you wouldn’t call it violence. fight going on. Richard: Nah, but basically, I mean, these, these guys, the boxers, Richard: A fight! Oh, great! Let me see. Fight! Fight! Fight! Go on, they’re, they’re just, they’re just poor young guys most of get stuck into him, my son. Give him one. GLOSSARY you know? exp to get rid of something exp people often say this to check that the to throw something away because you other person is understanding don’t need it any more I mean exp anyway exp this is often used to introduce something this word is used to emphasise what important that you want to say you are going to say, or to change the plain wrong exp conversation completely wrong to ban vb you’re sending out the wrong to prohibit message exp seems exp inform you are communicating something notice how the subject “it” has been negative omitted a skill n get stuck into him exp inform an ability to do something very well “hit him” nah exp my son exp inform no people often say “go on, my son” to to exploit vb encourage someone who is doing sport to use people and make them work for or playing a game you without paying them much give him one exp inform to rise above poverty exp to start to hit him earn enough money so you aren’t poor any more LOTS OF FREE CONTENT WHEN YOU FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK! www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish LOTS OF FREE CONTENT WHEN YOU FOLLOW US ON TWITTER! www.twitter.com/LearnHotEnglish 40 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

Authentic conversations by native American speakers AUDIO U S b a r c h a t US BAR CHAT LAS VEGAS This month we are going to listen to two young Americans, Brent and Susan, who are talking about Las Vegas. Listen to the gamble, get pissed drunk and end up getting married to some toothless woman named Bertha. conversation and answer these two questions: Brent: Bertha, don’t you come around here anymore. (Laughs) So, I don’t know what would you play if you went to Vegas? 1. Why does Brent like Las Vegas? Susan: Gosh, I don’t know I’m not a big gambler, maybe those 2. Why doesn’t Susan like Las Vegas? slot machines, they’re great fun. But OK lets be honest in Vegas, did you win or lose? Brent: We won’t talk about that. Brent: So I was in Vegas the other weekend gambling, and I GLOSSARY couldn’t help but notice what a good time I was having. Susan: Right, I’ve never been, but I don’t think I’ll ever go. to gamble vb used to fill space in a conversation and to play games for money - for example, doesn’t mean anything Brent: Why not, you scared to lose? cards, horse races, etc kind of exp Susan: Well, for one yeah. I don’t know though, gambling’s not you scared to lose? exp inform more or less notice how in informal speech some and stuff n inform really my thing, and I think Las Vegas, all those Elvis speakers omit words. In this case it and things like that impersonators, you can’t get away from them. would be more conventional to say, “are to lose big exp you scared to lose?” to lose a lot of money Brent: Yeah, but all the girls in skimpy outfits bringing scared adj erm exp inform you free drinks while you’re at the tables, you can’t beat frightened people often make this sound when they for one exp inform US are thinking about what to say that. firstly a drive-through wedding n Susan: (sarcastic) Just why I wanna go. it’s not really my thing exp a type of wedding ceremony that you I don’t really like it have while you are sitting in your car Brent: They have guys too. an Elvis impersonator n a person who I mean exp Susan: Well OK, maybe, give me a Chippendales man and maybe imitates Elvis Presley this is often used to introduce something you can’t get away from them exp important that you want to say I’d go. you can’t escape from them to get pissed drunk exp inform Brent: Yeah, Chippendales? you can’t beat that exp to drink a lot of alcohol there is nothing better than that to end up phr vb Susan: Chippendales, I don’t know, the whole shows [at Las wanna abbr if you “end up” doing something, you do want to that thing eventually Vegas] are like really old, you know, kind of the old a guy n inform toothless adj comedy, old, like, singers and stuff. a man with no teeth a Chippendale man n gosh excl Brent: Yeah well, I guess some people go for that and some a professional dancer who takes his an exclamation of anger or surprise people go for the gambling, but at least if you do lose clothes off in a club a slot machine n like exp a machine - you put money in it and try big they’ll give you a free room. people often use this when they are to win more money Susan: True, but, erm, lets talk about the drive-through thinking about what to say next. It is weddings. I mean, do you know how many people go to 41 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad?Video-Phone For fantastic classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / Contact [email protected] 41

AUDIO AUDIO Dictionary of slang DICTIONARY OF SLANG Here we’ve got some examples of how to say things in different situations. > Situation Formal Relaxed Informal You are describing your My grandfather is an My grandfather is an old My grandpa is an old grandfather: elderly gentleman man; he’s an OAP fogey; he’s an old codger; he’s a wrinkly You are angry because We have returned to our We’re back to where we We’re back to square one you are in the same original position started situation as before: You are describing He is unfashionable He’s not cool; he’s not He’s a square; a friend who is not very trendy he dresses like my dad; fashionable: he dresses like a plonker; he’s not hip You are explaining what We had a fantastic night We had a great night We had a cracking night; a good time you had last we had a brilliant night night: You ask a friend to go for Would you like to drink Would you like to go for a Fancy a bevy or two?; a beer: some beer? drink?; would you like to fancy sinking a few have a few beers? jars?; fancy a quick half? You ask someone if they Do you have the money Have you got my money? Have you got the dosh?; have the money they you owe me? have you got the dough? borrowed: Have you got the cash? You want to go out but Let’s improvise Let’s just make it up as Let’s play it by ear; let’s have no idea where to we go along just see how we go; let’s go. You suggest being just see how we get on “spontaneous”: Please note that the words in this glossary box are literal translations of parts of idiomatic expressions. GLOSSARY an OAP abbr a glass container for keeping food an old aged pensioner - an elderly person a half (pint) n wrinkly adj a measure of beer - about 33cl with many wrinkles (lines on your face that usually to borrow vb appear as you get older) to take something from someone with permission for a a hip n limited period of time the joint in the middle of your body on either side of to owe vb your leg if you “owe” money to someone, you have to pay that to fancy vb person some money they have previously given you “do you fancy a drink?” means, “would you like a dough n drink?” a mass that is used to make bread or cakes to sink vb cash n if a ship “sinks”, it goes under the water and to the paper or metal money - not credit cards bottom of the ocean or sea to make something up phr vb a jar n to invent something 42 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Looking for a quality English-language course abroad? Contact [email protected]

PHRASALVERBS BRING PHRASALVERBS Our series on phrasal verbs. This month: phrasal verbs with the verb “bring”. Bring back Bring in If something “brings back memories”, it makes you think If you “bring someone in”, you ask that person to take part in about things from the past: an activity: Seeing you again brings back all sorts of horrible memories. These voters are getting a bit violent. I think we should bring in the police. Bring out Bring up If a company “brings out” a new product, it produces the If you “bring up” a child, you educate and care for the child, product and then sells the product on the market: teaching him/her what is good, bad, etc. We are going to bring you up to be a nice, pleasant charming little girl - doesn’t that make you happy?” They’ve brought out these great new nappies which keep you dry all day. Bring down Bring forward If you “bring down” prices, you reduce them: To arrange for something to happen at an earlier time: They’ve brought down The football match starts their prices and I couldn’t at 7pm, so I asked them to bring resist spending a bit of forward the meeting to so we’d have money. time to go and see the game. V.C. For fantastic Video-Phone classes, e-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 43

Hot Staff Directors Managing Director Thorley Russell (00 34 91 543 3573) [email protected] Answers & scripts AT THE DOCTOR’S private plane. WORDSEARCH Editorial Director Andy Coney (00 34 91 543 3573) [email protected] ANSWERS 2 LISTENING  D: But Harry, you don’t know how 1. problem; 2. stomach; to fly a plane. You can’t even drive Finance 3. temperature; 4. fluids; a car. Financial Director 5. medicine; 6. chemist’s; 7. pill H: I know. I was stupid, but it was Leigh Dante (00 34 91 549 8523) just so beautiful. [email protected] Audio script D: So, how much did it cost? Doctor: So, what seems to be the H: Not much... Classes Department problem? D: How much? (00 34 91 455 0273) Patient: Well, I haven’t been feeling H: $10,000. It was quite cheap. [email protected] very well. I was vomiting a lot over They’re usually much more the weekend. And I’ve got this expensive. terrible pain in my stomach and a Denise: $10,000? Teacher Coordinator pretty bad headache. I think I’ve H: Yes, I probably shouldn’t have. [email protected] got some kind of tummy bug. D: What sort of plane is it? Accounts manager D: Does your body feel sore? H: A Boeing 747. [email protected] P: Yes, it does. D: A Boeing 747? MATCHING Administration Department D: OK. I just need to take your   A6 B7 C11 D5 E9 F1 G8 temperature. [She takes his DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION H10 I2 J13 K14 L3 M12 N4 Subscriptions (9:30-13:00) temperature.] Mmm... 38.5 - EXCERCISE 1 [email protected] you’ve got a bit of a temperature. 1. She fought a lion = BUSINESS DIALOGUES [email protected] You need to drink plenty of fluids She fough ta lion. THE PROPOSAL Credit control and administration and stay in bed for the next 48 2. I caught a ball = I caugh ta ball. 1. Peter’s proposal is to organise 9:00 - 2pm (by e-mail thereafter) hours. You also need to take 3. We fought it to the ground = a competition. Office hours 10am to 6pm (Spanish time) this medicine [She hands him a We fough tit to the ground. 2. Mary’s proposal is the same. Barcelona office (Hot English) prescription.] You can get it in the 4. I brought about six = I brough ta The only difference is that chemist’s. Just take one pill every bout six. Simon obviously prefers Mary [email protected] six hours. 5. I thought about you last night = to Peter. P: OK. Thanks a lot. Is there a I though tabout you last night. Exercise: Seville office (Hot English) chemist’s near here? 6. I caught a cold on holiday = 1. for; 2. into; 3. to; 4. up; 5. to [email protected] D: Yes, there’s one right next to I caugh ta coldon holiday. the clinic. 7. She taught us when we were BRITISH BAR CHAT Editorial Department P: Great. Thanks a lot. Bye. young = She taugh tus when we 1. The arguments in favour of were young. James Conway assistant editor D: Bye boxing are: it is exciting, it’s a 8. I bought a dozen eggs = competition, the boxers have Vanesa Carosia design PAGE 84 DISCUSSING MONEY I bough ta doze neggs. a lot of skill and dexterity, it’s Patrick Dempster writer PROBLEMS  9. They fought at seven o’clock = like a dance and poor, young Steve Brown writer 1 PRE-LISTENING They fough tat seven o’clock. people can rise above their Christine Saunders writer 1e 2f 3c 4d 5a 6b 10.He taught a class of fifty poverty. Louisa Staines writer 3 LISTENING 2 ch ldren = He taugh ta cla ssof 2. The arguments against Contributors 1a  2b  3b  4a  5b fifty children. boxing are: it’s barbaric, it’s not a sport, it’s violent, Magnus Jones proof reading THE PRONUNCIATION OF STORY TIME it sends out the wrong Marcie Peters proof reading CAN AND CAN’T 1. The couple went out to the message and it exploits poor, Natalia Smith proof reading 1. I can’t see it from here. theatre. young people. Laurent Guiard French depart. 2. They can come later. 2. The thief wrote the note. 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A Total Solar Eclipse Is Coming. Here’s What You Need to Know.

These are answers to common questions about the April 8 eclipse, and we’re offering you a place to pose more of them.

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The sun flares at the edge of the moon during a total eclipse.

By Katrina Miller

On April 8, North America will experience its second total solar eclipse in seven years. The moon will glide over the surface of our sun, casting a shadow over a swath of Earth below. Along this path, the world will turn dark as night.

Skywatchers in Mexico will be the first to see the eclipse on the mainland. From there, the show will slide north, entering the United States through Texas, then proceeding northeast before concluding for most people off the coast of Canada.

Why eclipses happen is simple: the moon comes between us and the sun. But they are also complicated. So if you’ve forgotten all of your eclipse facts, tips and how-to’s since 2017, we’re here to explain it for you.

But before we dive in, there is one thing to know that is more important than anything else: It is never safe to look directly at the sun during an eclipse (except for the few moments when the moon has fully obscured its surface). At all other times, watch the event through protective eye equipment . Read on to learn about how to watch an eclipse safely.

What is a total solar eclipse?

A solar eclipse occurs when the moon orients itself between Earth and the sun, shielding the solar surface from our view.

In cosmic terms, it is unusual that this happens: the moon is about 400 times smaller than the sun, but it is about 400 times closer to us. That means that when these two celestial bodies are aligned, they appear to be the same size in the sky.

What other types of eclipses are there?

Annular solar eclipses occur when the moon is farther from Earth and appears too small to completely shield the sun’s surface. Instead, the outer part of the solar disk remains uncovered — a “ring of fire” in the sky.

Partial solar eclipses happen when Earth, the moon and the sun are imperfectly aligned. The moon only obscures a chunk of the sun. There will be two in 2025.

Earth can also get between the moon and the sun, creating a lunar eclipse. This can be observed once or twice a year .

How dark will it be during the eclipse?

In any given place along the eclipse path , the event will last around two hours or more.

The event will commence with a partial solar eclipse, as the moon takes a small bite out of the sun’s edge, then consumes more and more of its surface. According to NASA , this can last anywhere from 70 to 80 minutes.

The phase of the eclipse where the moon has completely blocked the sun’s surface is called totality. This is the only time the event can be viewed with the naked eye.

The length of totality varies by location. In April, some places will experience this phase for more than four minutes; others, for only one to two minutes.

During totality, the sky will get dark as night and the temperature will drop. Wispy white strings of light from the sun’s outer atmosphere, or corona, will suddenly be visible. Lucky viewers may even spot a thin, reddish-pink circle around the edge of the moon. That’s the chromosphere, an atmospheric layer below the sun’s corona. Its color comes from the presence of hydrogen throughout the layer.

After totality, the sun will slowly peek out from behind the moon again — another partial eclipse that will last the same amount of time as the first one. The moon will recede until the sun is back to normal brightness in our sky.

How can I watch the solar eclipse safely?

In general, avoid looking directly at the sun without special equipment to protect your eyes. Inexpensive options for watching the eclipse include paper solar viewers and glasses. If you are using equipment purchased for a past solar eclipse, make sure to inspect it. Toss anything with scratches or other signs of damage.

According to NASA , it is not safe to look at the sun through any optical device while using paper glasses or viewers. To watch the eclipse through cameras, binoculars or telescopes, buy a special solar filter.

The only time you can view a solar eclipse with the naked eye is during the moments of totality. Once the moon begins to reveal the surface of the sun again, return to watching the event through protective equipment to avoid injury.

What happens if I look at the eclipse without protection?

In general, staring directly at the sun, even for a few seconds, can cause permanent damage to your eyes . This can range from blurry or distorted vision to something even more serious, like blind spots. Because there are no pain receptors in the retina, you won’t feel it while it’s happening.

The same is true during an eclipse — except during the brief moments of totality, when the moon has hidden the face of the sun. At all other times, use protective eye equipment to view the event.

What do I do if I can’t find eclipse glasses?

If it’s too late to get glasses or viewers, there’s always a do-it-yourself option: a pinhole camera to indirectly experience the eclipse. You can create one using cardstock , a cardboard box , a kitchen strainer or even your fingers . These designs project an image of the eclipse onto the ground or some other surface that is safe to look at.

Where are the best places to watch the eclipse?

The total eclipse will sweep across large portions of Mexico, the United States and eastern Canada. For the most dramatic show, it’s best to experience the eclipse along the path of totality , which is where the moon will completely blot out the sun.

The Path of the Eclipse

On April 8, a total solar eclipse will cross North America from Mazatlán, Mexico, to the Newfoundland coast near Gander, Canada. Viewers outside the path of the total eclipse will see a partial eclipse, if the sky is clear .

hot english magazine travel

Percentage of

the sun obscured

during the eclipse

Indianapolis

Little Rock

San Antonio

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Viewers near Mazatlán, a beach town on the Pacific shoreline of Mexico, will be the first place to experience totality on North America’s mainland. Various sites in Mexico along the eclipse’s path will experience the longest duration of totality — as long as four minutes and 29 seconds.

Cities across the United States, including Dallas, Indianapolis and Cleveland, will most likely be hot spots for the upcoming eclipse. Other notable locations include Carbondale, Ill., which also saw totality during the solar eclipse in 2017; small towns west of Austin, Texas, which are projected to have some of the best weather in the country along the eclipse path; and Niagara Falls, if the skies are clear. Six provinces of Canada are in the path of totality, but many of them have a very cloudy outlook.

When does the eclipse begin and end?

The show begins at dawn, thousands of miles southwest of the Pacific shore of Mexico. The moon starts to conceal the sun near Mazatlán at 9:51 a.m. local time. Viewers near Mazatlán will experience totality at 11:07 a.m. for four minutes and 20 seconds.

Then the moon’s shadow will swoop through Mexico, crossing over the Texas border at 1:10 p.m. Eastern time. Totality in the United States will start at 2:27 p.m. and end at 3:33 p.m. Eastern time.

Canadians will experience the solar eclipse in the afternoon for nearly three hours. The eclipse concludes beyond Canada’s boundaries when the sun sets over the Atlantic Ocean.

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What time is the eclipse in New York, Texas, Illinois, Mexico, Canada and other locations?

If you’d like to look up when the eclipse starts, reaches its peak under totality and then ends, you can visit The Times’s interactive map , which will also give you the weather outlook for April 8 along the event’s path.

Below are the times in selected locations when the eclipse will begin totality.

How long will the eclipse last?

The duration of totality depends on how far a given location on Earth is from the moon. Places with the longest totality are closest to the moon and farther from the sun. The speed of the lunar shadow is slowest over spots with the longest totality.

In April, the longest period of totality will occur over Durango, a state in Mexico, for a total of four minutes and 29 seconds. Along the centerline, the location of shortest totality on land is on the eastern coast of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada, for about two minutes and 54 seconds. But totality is even shorter along the edges of the total eclipse path; in some places, it lasts less than a minute.

How fast does the eclipse move?

Solar eclipses may seem to happen slowly, but the moon’s shadow is racing across the surface of Earth. Exact speeds vary by location. Eclipse calculators estimate the shadow will move between about 1,560 m.p.h. and 1,600 m.p.h. through Mexico, and more than 3,000 m.p.h. by the time it exits the United States. The eclipse will reach speeds exceeding 6,000 m.p.h. over the Atlantic Ocean.

When was the last total solar eclipse in the United States?

According to the American Astronomical Society , total solar eclipses happen once every year or so, but they can only be viewed along a narrow path on Earth’s surface. Many occur over water or other places that can be difficult to reach. A given location will experience totality once in about 400 years.

But some places get lucky: Carbondale, a college town in southern Illinois, saw the total solar eclipse in the United States on Aug. 21, 2017, and will experience another one this April. San Antonio experienced an annular eclipse last October, and is also in the path of totality for this year’s eclipse.

Do other planets experience solar eclipses?

Yes, any planet in our solar system with a moon can experience a solar eclipse. In February, a Martian rover captured Phobos , one of the red planet’s moons, transiting the sun.

The moons on other planets, though, appear either smaller or larger than the sun in the sky . Only Earth has a moon just the right size and at just the right distance to produce the unique effects of totality.

How will things on Earth change during the eclipse?

As the eclipse approaches its maximum phase, the air will get cooler, the sky will grow dimmer, shadows will sharpen and you might notice images of crescents — tiny projections of the eclipse — within them. Along the path of totality, the world will go dark while the moon inches toward perfect alignment with Earth and the sun.

Animals will also react to the solar eclipse. Bees stop buzzing , birds stop whistling and crickets begin chirping. Some pets may express confusion . Even plants are affected, scientists found after the solar eclipse in 2017 . They have diminished rates of photosynthesis and water loss similar to, though not as extreme as, what happens at night.

What’s the difference between experiencing a solar eclipse at 99 percent compared with a total eclipse?

Patricia Reiff, a physicist at Rice University who has traveled for 25 eclipses and counting, says that if you are in a place where you’d see a 99 percent partial eclipse, it’s worth safely traveling a little farther to experience a total eclipse.

“Ninety-nine percent is cool,” she said, but “totality is oh-my-God crazy.”

Even at 99 percent eclipse, the sky won’t darken — you won’t be able to see stars or planets. Changes in the temperature, wind and shadows won’t be as dramatic. And the moon won’t block out enough light for you to witness the sun’s corona.

What if I can’t get to the path of totality?

Viewers in locations away from the eclipse path will see the moon partially blot out the sun, though how perceptible the effects are depends on the site’s distance from the centerline. (The closer you are, the more remarkable it will be.) Still, it won’t be quite like experiencing the eclipse during totality.

Remember that you should always wear protective eye equipment while watching a partial eclipse.

If you can’t make it to the path of totality but still want to experience it, many organizations are providing live video streams of the eclipse, including NASA and Time and Date . The Exploratorium, a museum in San Francisco, will also offer a sonification of the eclipse and a broadcast in Spanish.

When is the next total solar eclipse?

If you’re willing to travel, the next total solar eclipse is on Aug. 12, 2026. People in parts of Greenland, Iceland, Portugal and Spain will experience the event.

But if you want to see an eclipse in the United States, you’ll have to wait a long time. While a total eclipse will graze parts of Alaska in 2033, the next one to reach the lower 48 states is on Aug. 22, 2044. That event crosses parts of Canada and ends in Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota.

For those willing to wait until 2045, the eclipse of Aug. 12 that year will start in California and travel east, exiting the country in Florida.

What have we learned from solar eclipses?

In the 1800s, a French astronomer discovered the element helium by studying the spectrum of sunlight emitted during an eclipse. These events also allowed the first scientific observations of coronal mass ejections — violent expulsions of plasma from the sun’s corona — which can cause power outages and communication disruptions on Earth. Scientists also confirmed Einstein’s theory of general relativity, which says that massive objects bend the fabric of space-time, during a solar eclipse in 1919.

And there is more to discover. This April, NASA plans to fly instruments on planes to capture images of the solar corona, and launch rockets to study how the drop in sunlight during an eclipse affects Earth’s atmosphere. A radio telescope in California will try to use the moon as a shield to measure emissions from individual sunspots .

The public is joining the fun, too. During the eclipse, a team of ham radio operators will beam signals across the country to study how solar disturbances can affect communications. Some people along the path of totality will record sounds from wildlife . Others will use their phones to snap pictures of the eclipse to help sketch out the shape of the solar disk .

An earlier version of this article referred imprecisely to eclipse on other worlds. Some appear larger than the sun in sky, they are not all partial eclipses.

How we handle corrections

Katrina Miller is a science reporting fellow for The Times. She recently earned her Ph.D. in particle physics from the University of Chicago. More about Katrina Miller

What we know about the container ship that crashed into the Baltimore bridge

  • The ship that crashed into the Francis Scott Key Bridge on Tuesday was the Singapore-flagged Dali.
  • The container ship had been chartered by Maersk, the Danish shipping company. 
  • Two people were recovered from the water but six remain missing, authorities said.

Insider Today

A container ship crashed into a major bridge in Baltimore early Tuesday, causing its collapse into the Patapsco River.

A livestream showed vehicles traveling on the Francis Scott Key Bridge just moments before the impact at 1:28 a.m. ET.

Baltimore first responders called the situation a "developing mass casualty event" and a "dire emergency," per The Associated Press.

James Wallace, chief of the Baltimore Fire Department, said in a press conference that two people had been recovered from the water.

One was uninjured, but the other was transported to a local trauma center in a "very serious condition."

Wallace said up to 20 people were thought to have fallen into the river and some six people were still missing.

Richard Worley, Baltimore's police chief, said there was "no indication" the collision was purposeful or an act of terrorism.

Wes Moore, the governor of Maryland, declared a state of emergency around 6 a.m. ET. He said his office was in close communication with Pete Buttigieg, the transportation secretary.

"We are working with an interagency team to quickly deploy federal resources from the Biden Administration," Moore added.

Understanding why the bridge collapsed could have implications for safety, in both the shipping and civil engineering sectors.

The container ship is the Singapore-flagged Dali, which is about 984 feet long, and 157 feet wide, per a listing on VesselFinder.

An unclassified Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency report said that the ship "lost propulsion" as it was leaving port, ABC News reported.

The crew notified officials that they had lost control and warned of a possible collision, the report said, per the outlet.

The Dali's owner is listed as Grace Ocean, a Singapore-based firm, and its manager is listed as Synergy Marine, which is also headquartered in Singapore.

Shipping news outlet TradeWinds reported that Grace Ocean confirmed the Dali was involved in the collapse, but is still determining what caused the crash.

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Staff for Grace Ocean declined to comment on the collision when contacted by Business Insider.

"All crew members, including the two pilots have been accounted for and there are no reports of any injuries. There has also been no pollution," Synergy Marine said in a statement.

The company did not respond to a request for further comment from BI.

'Horrified'

Maersk chartered the Dali, with a schedule for the ship on its website.

"We are horrified by what has happened in Baltimore, and our thoughts are with all of those affected," the Danish shipping company said in a statement.

Maersk added: "We are closely following the investigations conducted by authorities and Synergy, and we will do our utmost to keep our customers informed."

Per ship tracking data, the Dali left Baltimore on its way to Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka, at around 1 a.m., about half an hour before the crash.

The Port of Baltimore is thought to be the largest in the US for roll-on/roll-off ships carrying trucks and trailers.

Barbara Rossi, associate professor of engineering science at the University of Oxford, told BI the force of the impact on one of the bridge's supporting structures "must have been immense" to lead to the collapse.

Dr Salvatore Mercogliano, a shipping analyst and maritime historian at Campbell University, told BI: "It appears Dali left the channel while outbound. She would have been under the control of the ship's master with a Chesapeake Bay pilot onboard to advise the master.

"The deviation out of the channel is probably due to a mechanical issue as the ship had just departed the port, but you cannot rule out human error as that was the cause of the Ever Forward in 2022 just outside of Baltimore."

He was referring to the incident two years ago when the container ship became grounded for a month in Chesapeake Bay after loading up cargo at the Port of Baltimore.

The US Coast Guard found the incident was caused by pilot error, cellphone use, and "inadequate bridge resource management."

Claudia Norrgren, from the maritime research firm Veson Nautical, told BI: "The industry bodies who are here to protect against incidents like this, such as the vessel's flag state, classification society, and regulatory bodies, will step in and conduct a formal investigation into the incident. Until then, it'll be very hard for anyone to truly know what happened on board."

This may not have been the first time the Dali hit a structure.

In 2016, maritime blogs such as Shipwreck Log and ship-tracking site VesselFinder posted videos of what appears to be the stern of the same, blue-hulled container vessel scraping against a quay in Antwerp.

A representative for the Port of Antwerp told BI the Dali did collide with a quay there eight years ago but couldn't "give any information about the cause of the accident."

The Dali is listed as being built in 2015 by Hyundai Heavy Industries in South Korea.

Watch: The shipwreck at the center of a battle between China and the Philippines

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  1. Learn hot english magazine No 10 2020

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  1. Travel English ( Hot English Magazine) + Audio

    Travel English ( Hot English Magazine) + Audio. Learn 500 useful words and expressions for travelling abroad. This booklet will teach you the words and expressions you need to travel to an English-speaking country. Learn over 500 useful words and expressions for travelling abroad. - 40 topic areas covering a wide range of typical situations.

  2. The latest issue of Learn Hot English magazine

    The latest issue of Hot English (186 - the November issue) is out now! Learn over 300 useful words and expressions and improve your listening skills with Learn Hot English! This month: 23 uses of the verb "to get". Learn how this useful verb is used to mean lots of different things: to receive, to become, to arrive….

  3. Learn Hot English Magazine

    Buy subscriptions and issues of Learn Hot English - Travel English. Available on Desktop PC or Mac and iOS or Android mobile devices. ... Special offer! 12 Learn Hot English magazines with a special discount! Learn thousands of new words, listen to great content, and really improve your English - guaranteed! Regular price: $47.88. Bundle price ...

  4. TRAVEL ENGLISH

    Learn Hot English. 263. VIEW IN STORE. ... EDITOR'S INTRO. How you learn English with Hot English magazine . Pre-Intermediate. INCREDIBLE, EDIBLE EGGS. How much do you know about eggs? Here are some amazing facts about them. WHAT TYPE OF FOOD DO YOU HATE? ... Objective To learn about some English-language travel books. 42 EXPRESSIONS FOR ...

  5. Travel English

    Travel (verb) If you "travel" somewhere, you go there, often as part of your holiday. The expression "to go travelling" is very common. Remember, "travel" is a verb. "We went travelling around Asia, which was amazing!" A trip (noun) If you go on a "trip", you travel somewhere, often for a short period of time.

  6. Travel English

    Travel English - Learn Hot English. Travel English printed version of the book from 15€ + shipping. Get this amazing full color book here delivered to wherever you live in the world. The Listening for the books are available MP3´s. Depending on where you live you should allow up to 1 month for deliveries to arrive.

  7. TRAVEL ENGLISH

    Learn Hot English 6 Month Digital Subscription $21.99 billed twice a year

  8. Learn Hot English

    Welcome to Learn Hot English! Learn Hot English has been helping people like YOU learn English since 2001. We have lots of useful eBooks and courses so you can learn English easily. Our content is ...

  9. Hot English

    Hot English - Travel English. Travel English! Learn over 500 useful words for travelling abroad. 40 topics covering lots of typical situations. Over 400 images to help you learn the language. More than 30 dialogues so you can hear the language in action. This booklet will give you all the language you need for international travel.

  10. Free Samples

    Learn Hot English Magazine - see a PDF from the actual magazine! Travel English eBook - do a FREE class, At the Doctor's Travel English eBook - see a PDF of the actual eBook. Learn English for free - Teaching Resources. Sample - English Unlocked Teacher book series - 4 levels.

  11. PDF The number-one magazine for learning and teaching English!

    Learn Hot English magazine helps with all this. 1increase your vocabulary. in every issue of learn Hot english you'll learn over 350 english words and expressions! Plus you'll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more. 2improve your listening. every magazine has 60 minutes of spoken english audio.

  12. Calaméo

    To get a better job, to pass an official English exam, to travel, or just to communicate in English? Hot English magazine helps with all this. 3 Editorial 1 Increase your vocabulary. In every issue of Hot English 5 Travel English. Want to travel to English-speaking you'll learn over 350 English words and expressions! Plus countries?

  13. Hot_English_Magazine_Travel_English Pages 1-42

    Share. Check Pages 1-42 of Hot_English_Magazine_Travel_English in the flip PDF version. Hot_English_Magazine_Travel_English was published by Claudia Rivas Hernandez on 2021-08-05. Find more similar flip PDFs like Hot_English_Magazine_Travel_English. Download Hot_English_Magazine_Travel_English PDF for free.

  14. Learn Hot English

    With Hot English you'll learn the words and 6 Basic English AUDIO you'll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more. expressions you need for international travel! 8 Noise Nuisance part II AUDIO 9 Fingers Grammar AUDIO 2 Improve your listening. Every magazine has 60 6 Social English.

  15. Learn Hot English Magazine 4+

    Learn English with the Hot English app! English for all levels (easy - advanced). A monthly magazine for learning English: readings (current topics, words explained) + listenings (lots of accents) + exercises + videos. Idioms, phrasal verbs, useful expressions, grammar, vocabulary. Learn faster because it's fun! In every monthly issue of ...

  16. The paper version of Learn Hot English Magazine

    Full colour Learn Hot English magazines - top quality magazines to help you learn English! The magazines are for English learning so the content is always up to date! You will receive: 12, 24 or 36 copies, depending on your order, of Learn Hot English magazine + audio files (MP3 format).

  17. Learn Hot English Magazine 4+

    Hot English is much cheaper than English classes or textbooks. Also get a big discount on a six-month or one-year subscription. Studying English for an exam, travel, work, or fun? Learn Hot English is number 1! Are you an English teacher? Hot English is an excellent classroom resource - each issue is packed with motivating ready-to-go classes.

  18. Learn Hot English Magazine

    Buy subscriptions and issues of Learn Hot English - Travel English. Available on Desktop PC or Mac and iOS or Android mobile devices. ... Special offer! 12 Learn Hot English magazines with a special discount! Learn thousands of new words, listen to great content, and really improve your English - guaranteed! Regular price: €59,88.

  19. A Total Solar Eclipse Is Coming. Here's What You Need to Know

    If you're willing to travel, the next total solar eclipse is on Aug. 12, 2026. People in parts of Greenland, Iceland, Portugal and Spain will experience the event.

  20. Download the audio and video files for the books ...

    Digital library: Hot English magazine 185: Download now: Digital library: Hot English magazine 188: Download now: English Unlocked 2 Pre-Intermediate MP3 audio files: ... Travel English MP3 audio files: Download now: Business I MP3 audio files: Download now: Business I MP4 video files (very big file) Download now:

  21. What We Know About Ship That Crashed Into the Baltimore Bridge

    A container ship crashed into a major bridge in Baltimore early Tuesday, causing its collapse into the Patapsco River. A livestream showed vehicles traveling on the Francis Scott Key Bridge just ...

  22. Learn English Online

    Learn Hot English students get all of our fantastic materials within structured language courses along with a dynamic, native English teacher. Why not ask us for a quote for online language classes today? Available worldwide! Contact [email protected] or call 0034 91421 7886. https://www.wellreplicas.to https://www ...

  23. TRAVEL ENGLISH

    Home My Library Love Magazines My Account Pocketmags Plus+ Title A-Z Category A-Z Popular Magazines Latest Offers Gift Vouchers Activate a Subscription Blog Help & Support US. 0 Basket. My Library Login Plus+. BEST SELLERS OFFERS Craft & Hobby Aviation & Transport Leisure General Interest Sport . SITE SETTINGS. GBP ...

  24. Learn Hot English Magazine

    Buy subscriptions and issues of Learn Hot English - Travel English. Available on Desktop PC or Mac and iOS or Android mobile devices. ... Special offer! 12 Learn Hot English magazines with a special discount! Learn thousands of new words, listen to great content, and really improve your English - guaranteed! Regular price: $65.88. Bundle price ...

  25. Learn Hot English Magazine

    Buy subscriptions and issues of Learn Hot English - Travel English. Available on Desktop PC or Mac and iOS or Android mobile devices. ... Special offer! 12 Learn Hot English magazines with a special discount! Learn thousands of new words, listen to great content, and really improve your English - guaranteed! Regular price: $71.88. Bundle price ...