reimburse travel expenses

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Please note! The FY 2024 rates are NOT the default rates until October 1, 2023.

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Rates are set by fiscal year, effective Oct. 1 each year. Find current rates in the continental United States, or CONUS rates, by searching below with city and state or ZIP code, or by clicking on the map, or use the new per diem tool to calculate trip allowances .

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Rates for Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. Territories and Possessions are set by the Department of Defense .

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Rates are available between 10/1/2021 and 09/30/2024.

The End Date of your trip can not occur before the Start Date.

Traveler reimbursement is based on the location of the work activities and not the accommodations, unless lodging is not available at the work activity, then the agency may authorize the rate where lodging is obtained.

Unless otherwise specified, the per diem locality is defined as "all locations within, or entirely surrounded by, the corporate limits of the key city, including independent entities located within those boundaries."

Per diem localities with county definitions shall include "all locations within, or entirely surrounded by, the corporate limits of the key city as well as the boundaries of the listed counties, including independent entities located within the boundaries of the key city and the listed counties (unless otherwise listed separately)."

When a military installation or Government - related facility(whether or not specifically named) is located partially within more than one city or county boundary, the applicable per diem rate for the entire installation or facility is the higher of the rates which apply to the cities and / or counties, even though part(s) of such activities may be located outside the defined per diem locality.

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Tax issues arise when employers pay employee business travel expenses

Employers must determine proper tax treatment for employees.

Most employers pay or reimburse their employees’ expenses when traveling for business. Generally, expenses for transportation, meals, lodging and incidental expenses can be paid or reimbursed by the employer tax-free if the employee is on a short-term trip. However, the tax rules become more complex when the travel is of a longer duration. Sometimes the travel expenses paid or reimbursed by the employer must be treated as taxable compensation to the employee subject to Form W-2 reporting and payroll taxes.

The purpose of this article is to address some of the more common travel arrangements which can result in taxable income to employees for federal tax purposes. Although business travel can also raise state tax issues, those issues are beyond the scope of this article. This article is intended to be only a general overview as the tax consequences to an employee for a given travel arrangement depend on the facts and circumstances of that arrangement.

In the discussion below, it is assumed that all travel expenses are ordinary and necessary and incurred by an employee (or a partner in a partnership) while traveling away from home overnight for the employer’s business. In addition, it is assumed that the expenses are properly substantiated so that the employer knows (1) who incurred the expense; (2) where, when, why and for whom the expense was incurred, and (3) the dollar amount. Employers need to collect this information within a reasonable period of time after an expense is incurred, typically within 60 days.

Certain meal and lodging expenses can fall within a simplified substantiation process called the “per diem” rules (although even these expenses must still meet some of the substantiation requirements). The per diem rules are outside the scope of this article.

One of the key building blocks for the treatment of employee travel expenses is the location of the employee’s “tax home.”  Under IRS and court holdings, an employee’s tax home is the employee’s regular place of work, not the employee’s personal residence or family home. Usually the tax home includes the entire city or area in which the regular workplace is located. Generally, only expenses paid or reimbursed by an employer for an employee’s travel away from an employee’s tax home are eligible for favorable tax treatment as business travel expenses.

Travel to a regular workplace

Usually expenses incurred for travel between the employee’s residence and the employee’s regular workplace (tax home) are personal commuting expenses, not business travel. If these expenses are paid or reimbursed by the employer, they are taxable compensation to the employee. This is the case even when an employee is traveling a long distance between the employee’s residence and workplace, such as when an employee takes a new job in a different city. According to the IRS, if it is the employee’s choice to live away from his or her regular workplace (tax home), then the travel expenses between the two locations which are paid or reimbursed by the employer are taxable income to the employee.  

Example: Bob’s personal residence is in Chicago, but his regular workplace is in Atlanta. Bob’s employer reimburses him for an apartment in Atlanta plus his transportation expenses between the two cities. Since Atlanta is Bob’s tax home, these travel expenses are personal commuting expenses and the employer’s reimbursement of the expenses is taxable compensation to Bob.

Travel to two regular workplaces

Sometimes an employer requires an employee to consistently work in two business locations because of the needs of the employer’s business.  Factors such as where the employee spends the most time, has the most business activity, and earns the highest income determine which is the primary location with the other being the secondary location. The employee’s residence may be in either the primary or the secondary location. In general, the IRS holds that transportation costs between the two locations can be paid or reimbursed by the employer tax-free. In addition, lodging and meals at the location which is away from the employee’s residence can generally be paid or reimbursed tax-free.

Example:  Caroline lives in Location A and works at her company headquarters there. Her employer opens a new store in Location B and asks her to handle the day-to-day operations for two years while the store is getting up to speed. But Caroline is also needed at the headquarters so her employer asks her to spend two days a week at the headquarters in Location A and three days a week at the store in Location B.  Because the work at each location is driven by a business need of Caroline’s employer, she is treated as having primary and secondary work locations and is not treated as commuting between the two locations. Caroline’s travel between the two locations and her meals and lodging at Location B can be reimbursed tax-free by her employer.

As a practical matter, the employer must carefully consider and be able to support the business need for the employee to routinely go back and forth between two business locations. In cases involving two business locations, the courts have looked at time spent, business conducted and income generated in each location.  Merely having an employee “sign in” or “touch down” at a business location near his or her residence is unlikely to satisfy the requirements for having two regular workplaces. Instead, the IRS would likely consider the employee as having only one regular workplace with employer-paid travel between the employee’s residence and the regular workplace being taxable commuting expenses.

Travel when a residence is a regular workplace

In some cases an employer hires an employee to work generally, or only, from the employee’s home, as he or she is not physically needed at an employer location.  If the employer requires the employee to work just from his or her residence on a regular basis, does not require or expect the employee to travel to another office on a regular basis, and does not provide office space for the employee elsewhere, then the residence can be the tax home since it is the regular workplace for the employee.  When the employee does need to travel away from his or her residence (tax home), the temporary travel expenses can be paid or reimbursed by the employer on a tax-free basis.

Example: Jason is a computer programmer and works out of his home in Indianapolis for an employer in Seattle. He periodically travels to Seattle for meetings with his team. Since Jason has no assigned office space in Seattle and is expected by his employer to work from his home, Jason’s travel expenses to Seattle can be reimbursed by his employer on a tax-free basis.  

Travel to a temporary workplace

Sometimes an employer temporarily assigns an employee to work in a location that is far from the employee’s regular workplace, with the expectation that the employee will return to his or her regular workplace at the end of the assignment. In this event, the key question is whether the employee’s tax home moves to the temporary workplace.  If the tax home moves to the temporary workplace, the travel expenses between the employee’s residence and the temporary workplace that are paid or reimbursed by the employer are taxable compensation to the employee because they are personal commuting expenses rather than business travel expenses. Whether or not the employee’s tax home moves to the temporary workplace depends on the duration of the assignment and the expecations of the parties.

• One year or less . If the assignment is expected to last (and actually does last) one year or less, the employee’s tax home generally does not move to the temporary workplace. Therefore, travel expenses between the employee’s residence and temporary workplace that are paid or reimbursed by the employer are typically tax-free to the employee as business travel.

Example: Janet lives and works in Denver but is assigned by her employer to work in San Francisco for 10 months. She returns to Denver after the 10-month assignment. Janet’s travel expenses associated with her assignment in San Francisco that are reimbursed by her employer are not taxable income to her as they are considered temporary business travel and not personal commuting expenses.

• More than one year or indefinite .  If the assignment is expected to last more than one year or is for an indefinite period of time, the employee’s tax home generally moves to the temporary workplace. This is the case even if the assignment ends early and actually lasts one year or less. Consequently, travel expenses between the employee’s residence and the temporary workplace that are paid or reimbursed by the employer are taxable compensation to the employee as personal commuting expenses.

Example: Chris lives and works in Dallas but is assigned by his employer to work in Oklahoma City for 15 months before returning to Dallas. Chris’s travel expenses associated with his assignment to Oklahoma City that are reimbursed by his employer are taxable income to him as personal commuting expenses.

• One year or less then extended to more than one year . Sometimes an assignment is intended to be for one year or less, but then is extended to more than one year. According to the IRS, the tax home moves from the regular workplace to the temporary workplace at the time of the extension. Therefore, travel expenses incurred between the employee’s residence and the temporary workplace that are paid or reimbursed by the employer are non-taxable business travel expenses until the time of the extension, but are taxable compensation as personal commuting expenses after the extension.

Example:  Beth’s employer assigns her to a temporary workplace in January with a realistic expectation that she will return to her regular workplace in September.  However, in August, it is clear that the project will take more time so Beth’s assignment is extended to the following March. Once Beth’s employer knows, or has a realistic expectation, that Beth’s work at the temporary location will be for more than one year, changes are needed to the tax treatment of Beth’s travel expenses. Only the travel expenses incurred prior to the extension in August can be reimbursed tax-free; travel expenses incurred and reimbursed after the extension are taxable compensation.

When an employee’s residence and regular workplace are in the same geographic location and the employee is away on a temporary assignment, the employee will often return to the residence for weekends, holidays, etc. Expenses associated with travel while enroute to and from the residence can be paid or reimbursed by an employer tax-free, but only up to the amount that the employee would have incurred if the employee had remained at the temporary workplace instead of traveling home.

Travel to a temporary workplace – Special situations

In order for an employer to treat its payment or reimbursement of travel expenses as tax-free rather than as taxable compensation, the employee’s ties to the regular workplace must be maintained. The employee must expect to return to the regular workplace after the assignment, and actually work in the regular workplace long enough or regularly enough that it remains the employee’s tax home. Special situations arise when an employee’s assignment includes recurring travel to a temporary workplace, continuous temporary workplaces, and breaks in assignments to temporary workplaces.

• Recurring travel to a temporary workplace . Although the IRS has not published formal guidance which can be relied on, it has addressed situations where an employee has a regular workplace and a temporary workplace to which the employee expects to travel over more than one year, but only on a sporadic and infrequent basis.  Under the IRS guidance, if an employee’s travel to a temporary workplace is (1) sporadic and infrequent, and (2) does not exceed 35 business days for the year, the travel is temporary even though it occurs in more than one year.  Consequently, the expenses can be paid or reimbursed by an employer on a tax-free basis as temporary business travel.

Example: Stephanie works in Location A but will travel on an as-needed basis to Location B over the next three years. If Stephanie’s travel to Location B is infrequent and sporadic and does not exceed 35 business days a year, her travel to Location B each year can be reimbursed by her employer on a tax-free basis as temporary business travel.

• Continuous temporary workplaces .  Sometimes an employee does not have a regular workplace but instead has a series of temporary workplaces. If the employee’s residence cannot qualify as his or her tax home under a three-factor test developed by the IRS, the employee is considered to have no tax home and is “itinerant” for travel reimbursement purposes. In this case, travel expenses paid by the employer generally would be taxable income to the employee.

Example: Patrick originally worked in Location A, but his employer sends him to Location B for eleven months, then assigns Patrick to Location C for another eight months. Patrick will be sent to Location D after Location C with no expectation of returning to Location A. Patrick does not maintain a residence in Location A. Travel expenses paid to Patrick by his employer will likely be taxable income to him.    

• Breaks between temporary workplaces . In an internal memorandum, the IRS addresses the outcome when an employee has a break in assignments to temporary workplaces. When applying the one-year rule, the IRS notes that a break of three weeks or less is not enough to prevent aggregation of the assignments, but a break of at least seven months would be. Some companies choose to not aggregate assignments when the breaks are shorter than seven months but are considerably longer than three weeks, given the lack of substantive guidance from the IRS on this issue.

Example: Don’s regular workplace is in Location A. Don’s employer sends him to Location B for ten months, back to Location A for eight months, and then to Location B again for four months. Although Don’s time in Location B totals 14 months, since the assignments there are separated by a break of at least seven months, they are not aggregated for purposes of applying the one-year rule. Consequently, the travel expenses associated with each separate assignment to Location B can be reimbursed by the employer on a tax-free basis as temporary business travel since each assignment lasted less than a year.

  Conclusion

The tax rules regarding business travel are complex and the tax treatment can vary based on the facts of a situation. Employers must carefully analyze business travel arrangements to determine whether travel expenses that they pay or reimburse are taxable or nontaxable to employees.

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Tax Resources for Accountants and Small Businesses (U.S.)

• Expense Reimbursements / IRS / Meals and Incidental Expenses / Mileage / Payroll / Per Diem Rates / Small business
• Complete Guide to Reimbursing Employees for Travel Expenses

Published September 2, 2020 · Updated April 21, 2021

When an employee travels away from the office and incurs expenses, the company should reimburse them. Whether travelling across the world or just driving their car to a client’s location, getting the reimbursement right isn’t hard.

Keep reading to learn how to make proper employee reimbursements.

Accountable Plans

You’ll first need to decide if you will implement an accountable or nonaccountable plan. This is just as it sounds; either you’ll have employees be accountable for business expense reimbursements or not.

All businesses should have an expense reimbursement plan in writing. This includes corporations, sole proprietors, the self-employed, and non-profits. Non-profits should be extremely careful when reimbursing disqualified persons because nonaccountable plan reimbursements not properly approved or recorded can cause significant tax exposure to the charitable organization.

An accountable plan must follow the IRS guidelines for expense reimbursement. To qualify, the following rules must be met:

• Expenses must be for business purposes.
• Expenses must be adequately reported to the company in reasonable time.
• Any excess reimbursement or allowance must be returned in a reasonable amount of time.

Any expense that doesn’t meet these three criteria is considered a reimbursement under a nonaccountable plan.

This distinction between these two types of plans is important because accountable plan reimbursements are not taxable to the employee, whereas nonaccountable plans are taxable.

Business Purpose

Expenses incurred as an employee while completing work for an employer have a business purpose. Examples include things like registration fees for a conference, taxi rides to the airport for a business trip, or meals while away on a business trip.

If however, an employer reimburses an employee for dinner when the employee works late, this does not qualify as a business purpose. This reimbursement would be taxable to the employee because it was made under a nonaccountable plan.

Reporting in a Reasonable Time

While what is considered a reasonable amount of time is subjective, the general rule is that all reimbursable expenses must be submitted within 60 days of when they were incurred.

Adequate reporting involves providing a record, like an expense report, of all expenses incurred and providing evidence, like receipts, to support the expenses.

Excess Reimbursement

If an employee receives a travel advance to cover travel expenses but spends less than the advance, the difference is an excess reimbursement and must be returned to the employer to not be taxable. If the excess isn’t returned in a reasonable amount of time, it’s taxable.

A reasonable period of time in this instance is generally deemed to be within 120 days of when the expense was incurred.

With a travel advance, employees should submit an expense report and receipts to substantiate all expenses.

Mileage and Business Use of Personal Vehicle

When an employee uses their personal vehicle for company business, you’ll need to reimburse them. You have three options.

• Standard mileage rate
• Actual costs
• Monthly allowance

Standard Mileage Rate

If you use the standard mileage rate, it is 57.5 cents per mile for 2020.

You can pay more, but the IRS’ safe-harbor threshold of 57.5 cents per mile will allow you a tax deduction without having to substantiate the rate.

Note that the IRS typically updates rates in December. So, you can expect to see the 2021 rate announced in December 2020. IRS 2021 Mileage Rates are here.

IRS Standard Mileage Rates 2020

Actual Costs

Instead of using the standard rate, you can reimburse employees for actual expenses.

The employee will sum up all the costs of owning the vehicle including everything from fuel, maintenance, tolls, registration, and insurance. And based upon the percentage of business miles driven, that portion of the total actual costs is reimbursed.

Monthly Allowance

Using the monthly allowance method is relatively easy. Each month you provide a set dollar amount to the employee.

If you require the employee to provide a mileage log at the end of the month, this will determine if any part of the allowance is taxable. If no mileage log is required, the entire allowance is taxable under an unaccountable plan.

If a mileage log is provided and the employee drove less than expected, they should return the excess allowance within 30 days. If they don’t, the excess becomes taxable to them.

An employee’s commute from their home to their normal place of business is not a reimbursable expense. Any business miles driven in excess of the commute miles is reimbursable.

For example, an employee’s normal round-trip commute is 20 miles. On Fridays, the employee works on-site at a client’s office that is 30 miles away from the employee’s home. So, the employee drives 60 miles round-trip on Fridays. Since this is longer than he would drive if he commuted to the office, you’ll want to reimburse the employee for 40 miles (60 miles – 20 miles).

Mileage Logs

Employees should keep mileage logs when using a personal vehicle for business use. The log should include:

• Employee’s name
• Description of vehicle
• Date of business use
• Purpose of business use
• Starting mileage on odometer
• Ending mileage on odometer
• Approval authorization

Here’s an example of a mileage log using Microsoft Excel.

Mileage log and expense report – employee reimbursement

Note that in this example, the employee drove from the office to a client and then back to the office. Therefore, there is no need to deduct commuting mileage.

But suppose, like in our example from above, that on Fridays the employee drives from home to the client’s location and back home. His mileage log would look like this:

Mileage log and expense report example – employee reimbursement

But what if in this example, the drive to the client’s office from the employee’s home was shorter than his regular commute? In this case there is nothing to reimburse and the employee enjoys the benefit of less driving.

What would happen if this same employee didn’t normally work on Fridays or he always worked from home on Fridays? Then the entire drive to the client’s office would be reimbursable since the employee’s normal work schedule didn’t require him to commute on Fridays.

Many employees will forget to deduct their normal commute from mileage reimbursement requests. You’ll want to remind them.

Direct Expense Reimbursement of Travel Expenses

For employees who travel frequently, providing them with a company credit card is ideal. But for those times when an employee must use their own money for business expenses, you’ll want to reimburse employees quickly.

For easy recordkeeping, have employees complete expense reports when seeking reimbursements. Like the mileage log, it will detail who incurred the expense and when, what it was for, and the amount.

You can reimburse your employees with cash; however best practices would be to pay with check or some other trackable means, like ACH.

Here’s an example of an easy expense report in Excel.

Travel expense report example – employee reimbursement

For each expense, the employee should include receipts to support the amounts requested.

Receipts for purchases should contain the amount, date, place, and a brief description of the expense.

For example, hotel receipts should include:

• The name and location of the hotel.
• The dates stayed.
• Separate amounts for charges (i.e. lodging, meals, or food).

Restaurant and meal receipts should include:

• The name and location of the restaurant.
• The names of people in attendance.
• The date and amount of the meal.

You may choose to reimburse employees for meal tips. Be sure to have a clear policy of what will be reimbursed and what will not. For example, you’ll reimburse up to 20% for tips. Anything above that will not be reimbursed.

You’ll also need to consider your policy for lost receipts. You can still reimburse but have the employee fill out a missing receipt form to document the expense.

In lieu of direct expense reimbursement, consider using a per diem.

A per diem provides the employee with a specified dollar amount per day to use on meals, snacks, lodging, or other miscellaneous purchases. Larger expenses like airfare would be paid using the direct expense reimbursement method or paid for directly by the company.

Per diems should be prorated for partial days of travel. Acceptable methods include the ¾’s method or any other method you choose that is reasonable.  The ¾’s method adds ¾ of a daily per diem rate on departure days and another ¾’s on return days.

The IRS sets per diem rates for cities and metropolitan areas. More expensive locales have higher daily rates than cheaper cities. For example, the daily rate for high cost cities like San Francisco, Vail, Colorado, and Nashville, Tennessee is $297. And many cities are designated high cost for only portions of the year. Miami and Park City, Utah are considered high cost only from December 1 – March 31.

And if you’re not in a high cost city, the daily rate is $200. These per diem rates are often updated each year. So you’ll always want to check for the current rates.

For example, Dave is travelling to Seattle for business. Seattle is a high cost locale. He’s leaving on Monday and returning on Thursday. Seattle’s maximum per diem rate is $297 per day. Dave will receive $222.75 ($297 x ¾) for Monday and Thursday and the full $297 for Tuesday and Wednesday.

Per diems are not taxable income to your employee if you use the IRS rates and your employee provides an expense report with receipts. However, using higher rates will create taxable income for the amount above the federal rate. And not submitting an expense report and receipts will make the entire per diem taxable because you’ll have an unaccountable plan and your company will not have the required receipts to support the tax deduction.

If your business operates in the transportation sector (i.e. shipping, trucking, or rail, etc…), it’s important to note that there are different per diem limits and rules you must follow.

Entertainment Expenses

With the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, entertainment expenses are no longer tax deductible for companies.

As an employer, you may still reimburse your employees for entertainment expenses; however, these reimbursements will need to be segregated so that they are not included on your tax return. Examples of entertainment expenses include tickets to entertain clients at sporting events or country club fees for golf memberships.

What documentation you require for entertainment reimbursements is up to you but best practices suggest following the same requirements for travel or mileage reimbursements.

Commingling

If travel or meals involve both a business and personal aspect, only the portion of the expense that is business related is reimbursable.  Expense reports and receipts should indicate whether there are any personal expenses.

For example, an employee makes a business trip to California from Georgia and elects to stay two days after business is finished for a mini-vacation. Best practices would have the employee check out of his hotel room and check back in using his personal credit card to pay the hotel bill for his extended stay. This way he has two different receipts; one for business and one for pleasure. However, if he doesn’t do that and the entire hotel stay is charged on the same receipt, you’ll need to back out the charges related to his personal stay.

None of this information should be taken as legal or financial advice, nor should it deter you from seeking the assistance of a licensed attorney, accountant, or financial services professional. But if you want to make sure your company’s policies for employee reimbursements are consistent with best practices, implementing these policies is a great place to start!

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The ABCs of Travel Expense Reimbursement: A Beginner’s Handbook

Traveling for work can be an exciting adventure, but it often comes with a myriad of expenses. Fortunately, many employers offer travel expense reimbursement to ease the financial burden on their employees. In this beginner’s handbook, we’ll explore the world of travel expense reimbursement , understanding its intricacies, and learn about Zaggle EMS which can make the process much smoother.

Understanding Travel Expense Reimbursement

Travel Expense Reimbursement is a process where an employer reimburses an employee for expenses incurred during a business trip. These expenses can include transportation, accommodation, meals, and miscellaneous costs. Employees need to understand what is eligible for reimbursement and how to track and document these expenses properly.

Common Travel Expenses

Let’s break down the common travel expenses into four categories:

A. Transportation Expenses: Transportation expenses can include airfare, train tickets, car rentals, and even parking fees. For instance, a flight from Hyderabad to Mumbai or a taxi ride to the conference venue can fall under this category.

B. Accommodation Expenses: Accommodation expenses cover the costs of staying in hotels, Airbnb rentals, or other lodging options. Whether it’s a five-star hotel in Delhi or a cozy guest house in the city, these expenses are eligible for reimbursement.

C. Meals and Dining Expenses: This category covers the cost of food and dining while on a business trip. It includes breakfast, lunch, dinner, and even snacks. Whether you’re dining at a fancy restaurant or grabbing a quick sandwich on the go, these expenses add up.

D. Miscellaneous Expenses: Miscellaneous expenses can be a bit tricky, as they encompass a wide range of costs, from conference fees and dry cleaning to business calls and internet charges. It’s essential to keep track of these smaller expenses, as they can significantly impact your reimbursement.

Expense Tracking and Documentation

One of the main challenges in the travel expense reimbursement process is proper tracking and documentation. Keeping receipts and organizing expenses can be cumbersome, and paper records are prone to loss or damage.

One of the primary difficulties lies in the proper tracking and documentation of expenses . Keeping physical receipts and records can be cumbersome, leading to potential errors, lost paperwork, or delays in reimbursement. Efficient expense tracking and reporting are key to overcoming these challenges and ensuring a smooth reimbursement process.

This is where digital tools like Zaggle EMS play a crucial role, making the process more efficient and less error-prone.

A. Submitting Expense Reports

With Zaggle EMS, employees can submit expense reports conveniently, reducing paperwork and the risk of errors. Smart Scan, a feature within Zaggle EMS, allows you to create expenses by scanning receipts using OCR (Optical Character Recognition) technology. It’s available through the Zaggle mobile application. You can even attach up to three receipts per expense, making sure you have all the necessary documentation.

B. Reimbursement Process

Zaggle EMS streamlines the reimbursement process by providing a clear and structured platform for both employees and employers. It categorizes expenses, making it easier for organizations to understand where their money is going.

C. Approval Process

The approval process is a crucial step in the travel expense reimbursement journey, ensuring that expenses are legitimate and comply with company policies

Zaggle EMS allows you to establish a hierarchical or multi-stage approval flow to ensure expenses are reviewed by the right people in the organization. In Zaggle EMS, you can configure up to 5 levels of approval in your workflow. This flexibility accommodates the unique approval structures within various organizations, from small businesses to large enterprises.

The approval process is critical to maintaining financial responsibility within an organization and adhering to established policies. By configuring hierarchical approval flows, organizations can ensure that expense reports undergo the necessary scrutiny. Moreover, the flexibility in the number of approval levels and the ability to resubmit and approve rejected reports streamline the process, making travel expense reimbursement a transparent and accountable process for both employees and employers.

Tips for a Smooth Reimbursement Process

1. Stay Organized: Keep all your receipts in one place. Using digital tools like Zaggle EMS can help you store and organize them efficiently.

2. Submit Promptly: Don’t procrastinate in submitting your expense reports. The sooner you do, the quicker you’ll get reimbursed.

3. Know Your Company’s Policy : Familiarize yourself with your company’s reimbursement policy. Some expenses may have specific limits or requirements.

4. Double-check: Before submitting an expense report, double-check all the information. Accuracy is crucial to avoid any delays.

Travel expense reimbursement doesn’t have to be a daunting process. With the right knowledge and tools, such as Zaggle EMS , you can simplify the task of tracking, documenting, and reporting your expenses. By understanding the ABCs of travel expense reimbursement , you can make your business trips financially stress-free and focus on the work at hand. Remember, the key to a smooth reimbursement process is organization and the use of efficient digital tools. Safe travels!

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Understanding Per Diem: Rates, Reimbursement, and FAQs

When embarking on a business trip, understanding the concept of use the per diem becomes crucial. This term refers to a daily allowance provided to employees to cover lodging rates, meals, and incidental expenses while away on official duties. The General Services Administration (GSA) sets the per diem rates based on location and fiscal year.

What does per diem mean?

Per diem is a daily allowance given to an employee to cover business travel expenses such as lodging, meals and incidentals while traveling for the company. This reimbursement method simplifies the process for both the employer and the employee, eliminating the need for receipts for each expense incurred.

What is the origin of the term “per diem”?

The phrase “per diem” comes from Latin and means “per day”.

Overview of Per Diem

Per diem can be categorized into various types including per diem rates for lodging, meals and incidental expenses (M&IE). The system offers several benefits for both employers and employees, streamlining corporate travel expenses and ensuring compliance with internal revenue service (IRS) regulations.

Benefits of Per Diem Rates

The benefits of using the per diem rate are numerous, with one major advantage being the ease and convenience it provides during business travel. Employees get per diem without needing to file detailed expense reports, and organizations can adhere to standard per diem rates.

GSA Rates and Maximum Per Diem

The GSA sets standard rates for per diem allowances, ensuring consistency and fairness in reimbursements. These rates are crucial to avoid exceeding the per diem amount set by the GSA and comply with federal regulations.

Tax Implications of Per Diem

Understanding the tax effects of per diem rates is essential for both employers and employees. While per diem reimbursements are generally non-taxable, exceeding the per diem rates may have tax consequences. Employers need to be aware of these implications to ensure compliance with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

What are the different types of per diem? 

Government per diem.

Government per diem rates refer to the standard rates that the U.S. GSA establishes. Federal employees receive these rates, and other businesses often use these rates as well.

Per Diems for the Self-Employed

Self-employed workers get per diems for daily expenses when traveling for work. Adhering to IRS rates and meticulous documentation is crucial for tax compliance and maximizing benefits.

Corporate per diem

Corporate per diem rates are allowances provided by companies to their employees. These rates can vary from the federal rates based on the specific requirements of the business.

Per diem rates for international business travel

International per diem rates are provided by companies to employees traveling overseas. Employers modify these rates to accommodate varying expenses, including the cost of living differences, in different countries. The Department of State website lists all foreign per diem rates . Foreign per diem rates for the UK can be found here .

Per Diem Reimbursement

When it comes to reimbursement, employees must follow specific procedures to receive their allowances. The process includes submitting expense reports in accordance with the per diem policy, detailing business expenses incurred while traveling for business. Employers review these reports and then reimburse employees based on the approved per diem rates for their location and fiscal year.

Process of Receiving Per Diem

Receiving per diem involves employees keeping track of their expenses during business trips. They must accurately document their lodging, meals and expenses to qualify for reimbursement. Once the trip concludes, employees submit their expense reports to their employers for review and approval.

Reimbursement Methods

Employers typically reimburse employees for per diem expenses by direct deposit or check. The purpose of the process is to ensure that employees are promptly reimbursed for business travel expenses. It streamlines the financial aspect of work-related travel.

Receipt and Documentation

Proper documentation is essential when claiming reimbursement. Employees must retain receipts for all eligible expenses, such as hotel bills and meal receipts. This documentation acts as proof of expenditure and is crucial for both internal record-keeping and potential audits, especially when per diem expenses are involved.

Understanding per diem is critical, but there are common questions that arise regarding per diem. Here are answers to the most frequently asked questions:

What is per diem?

Per diem refers to the daily allowance provided to an employee to cover expenses incurred during business trips.

How are per diem rates determined?

Per diem rates, often referred to as GSA per diem rates, are set by the General Services Administration for different locations and are based on the cost of lodging, meals, and expenses.

What does per diem payment cover?

A per diem payment typically covers costs such as lodging, meals and travel expenses during a business trip.

What are incidental expenses in per diem?

Incidental expenses in per diem include small costs such as tips, transportation, and other miscellaneous expenditures.

How can I receive per diem reimbursements?

To get reimbursements, employees need to submit a detailed expense report with receipts for the incurred expenses during the trip.

Are per diem rates set annually?

Yes, per diem rates are set annually by the GSA and may vary depending on the location and fiscal year.

What are the tax implications of per diem?

The IRS provides guidelines on the tax treatment of per diem allowances, and it’s essential to understand the tax implications when using per diem.

Can per diem rates exceed the standard rate?

Per diem rates may exceed the standard rate in certain circumstances, such as high-cost locations or special travel requirements.

What are the benefits of using per diem for business travel?

The use of per diems for business travel simplifies expense management, ensures compliance with reimbursement policies, and provides employees with a clear per diem rate.

How are per diem rates set by the GSA?

The GSA determines daily allowance rates based on factors like accommodations expenses.

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What to know about travel expense reimbursement + templates.

The best way to establish an accurate reimbursement strategy for your employee and your company is to ensure that you have an expense reimbursement policy in place and that it is covered with all applicable employees during the onboarding process.

Caryl Ramsey

Published on

June 2nd, 2023

Shoeboxed is an expense & receipt tracking app that helps you get reimbursed quickly, maximize tax deductions, and reduce the hassle of doing accounting.

Employers and employees should understand the business’s guidelines for  T&E  or travel expense reimbursement policies so that neither runs into any issues over business-related expenses down the road.

The IRS is pretty flexible with employers when it comes to employee reimbursement for business travel expenses while away on a company trip.

Table of Contents

Does travel expense reimbursement qualify as a deductible travel expense?

What the IRS is not flexible about is whether or not the travel-related expenses incurred on the business trip qualify as a deductible travel expense.

Employers can deduct “ordinary and necessary expenses” of employees traveling away from their tax home.

According to the IRS, any reimbursement that does not qualify as a deductible travel expense is considered employee wages.

What are “accountable” and “non-accountable” plans?

There are two methods for reimbursing workers for expenses incurred when traveling for business. These are the “accountable plan” and the “non-accountable” plan.

An “accountable plan” is based on the Internal Revenue Service’s guidelines for reimbursing employees for the actual travel costs so that the reimbursable expenses incurred are not counted as income.

This means that the reimbursements are not subject to W-2 reporting or withholding taxes.

The expenses, however, must be business-related. To qualify for the “accountable plan,” expenses must be business-related, reported accurately, and excess reimbursements issued.

If the company’s reimbursement process doesn’t meet the guidelines under federal law for the “accountable plan,” then the expenses fall under the “non-accountable plan.”

If a reimbursed cost is non-accountable, then it is subject to being taxed as part of the employee’s compensation, therefore, it must be reported on the W-2 form and is subject to withholding.

What is travel expense reimbursement?

Travel expense reimbursement is when you pay employees back for business expenses incurred while traveling.

The expenses that are reimbursed are dependent upon the reimbursement policies determined by your business.

A travel reimbursement policy should be set up by your business that specifies the rules and procedures regarding reimbursement for travel-related expenses.

Many companies are using traditional expense management systems where staff can use a credit card and submit refunded trip expenses after the trip ends.

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What common types of travel expenses qualify for deductible expense reimbursement?

As an optional reimbursement provider, you have a choice on whether or not to  reimburse employees for travel expenses .

Regardless, a clear reimbursement policy should be established within the company.

Some of the most typical reimbursable expenses include the following:

Transportation costs between your home and the business destination

Transportation between airport/station and hotel

Transportation between the hotel and the work location

Sending company-related supplies from your regular work location to your travel work destination

Business use of a rental car or the actual expenses of operating your personal vehicle when traveling away from home on business such as mileage reimbursement

The cost of parking your rental car can vary significantly depending on factors such as location, duration, and demand. Urban areas and popular tourist destinations often have higher parking fees, while off-peak times or less crowded areas may offer more affordable options

Lodging and meal expenses

Dry cleaning and laundry

Business communication expenses

Business related tips

Parking fees and tolls

How do expense reports play a role in a business’s expense reimbursement policy?

To prevent fraud and to keep company records updated and accurate, companies should  use expense reports  as part of their expense reimbursement policy.

The expense report should be used by employees to report incidental expenses such as travel expenses, business meals, and small purchases of supplies or equipment for the office.

Employees fill out these expense reports, which require the information of a typical transaction.

Some of the information found on an expense report include the vendor’s name, date paid, expense description, amount paid, and totals for each expense category .

Then the expense report is submitted to the company and according to the reimbursement policy, the employee is reimbursed.

See also: Expense Report Template Google Sheets: 4 Free Templates

Receipt requirements

It’s important to always have proof or documentation of the expenses that you incurred. The best proof is to provide the original receipt from the store, merchant, or a  receipt book .

Therefore, when turning in an expense report, always attach any  supporting documentation such as your receipts  to the expense report.

This safeguards the company against  expense fraud  and ensures that the company will have the documentation needed for tax deductions and any  audits  if requested.

Processing expense reports for travel reimbursements

Once expense reports are submitted to the company, the company is responsible for the accuracy of the expense reports.

The company has an obligation to check the expense report against its business travel and reimbursement policies.

This is meant as an assurance system for ensuring accurate compliance with corporate policies.

Deadlines for expense reimbursement

Businesses should establish monthly or quarterly deadlines for expense reports. This ensures that the business can claim the expense as a tax deduction.

It also ensures that records are kept more accurate and up-to-date, that an expense doesn’t fall through the cracks, and that the company maintains a more efficient cash flow.

Not only should there be a deadline for the employee to submit an expense report, but there also should be a deadline for when the employee will be reimbursed by the company.

4 Free travel expense reimbursement form templates

Whether you’re a new business looking for an easy way to keep up with eligible travel reimbursements or an employee that often travels for work, these free travel expense reimbursement form templates are a great way to record travel expenses and separate them from non travel reimbursements.

1. Hloom free travel expense reimbursement spreadsheet

Hloom free travel expense reimbursement spreadsheet for Excel.

Hloom offers a  free travel expense reimbursement spreadsheet  that you can use to report any travel expenses made while away on a business trip.

Employees’ travel expenses should be recorded in a concise, organized template so it’s easy to categorize eligible reimbursement claims, see if expenditures were within spending limits, and receive reimbursement all by looking at a single form.

Use this template to record:

The date, time, and location you traveled to

The meals you ate

The cost of lodging

Cost of transportation

Private vehicle license

This template is 100% free and customizable, so you can adjust the columns as needed to suit your company.

2. GeneralBlue simple free travel expense reimbursement form

This  free travel expense reimbursement form by GeneralBlue  is as easy as it gets. It’s an Excel template with 8 columns for recording the expenses incurred traveling for business.

With this straightforward form, you can record:

The date you traveled

A description of your trip

The cost of transportation

The cost of hotels

The cost of meals

Miscellaneous expenses

The total amount of travel expenses

There is also a line for employee and approval signatures so you have an official record of travel expenses and reimbursements.

3. U.S. General Services Administration travel expense reimbursement template

Travel expense reimbursement template from the U.S. General Services Administration.

For state employees, the U.S. GSA offers a  free travel expense reimbursement template  that you can use to record spending while out on state business.

This template has everything an employee would need to record official business expenses, including:

Department or establishment

Official business categories

Mileage, including fare or toll

Date traveled

Additional persons

Tips and miscellaneous expenses

Spaces for authorizing signatures

The U.S. GSA travel expense template has to be printed and written as a paper copy.

4. Vertex42 travel expense reimbursement sheet

The  Vertex42 travel expense reimbursement sheet  is available for free and can be downloaded as an Excel file or Google Sheet .

This expense report includes:

Description of travel

Air and transportation costs

Fuel and mileage costs

Conferences and seminars

Meals and tip costs

Entertainment

Other expenses

The total cost of expenses

There’s also a place for authorized signatures, department, manager name, employee ID, and more.

Bonus: Shoeboxed for receipt tracking and expense reports

Use Shoeboxed to capture your receipts and create detailed expense reports for reimbursement.

If you don’t want to deal with the hassle of keeping up with your receipts, manually inputting the expenses into a spreadsheet, or printing out an expense report for your boss,  Shoeboxed  can help!

Tracking receipts with Shoeboxed

Shoeboxed  is a great  travel management software  that allows you to snap photos of your receipts, digitally extract the important information, and categorize the expenses so that they’re easy to find and manage in your Shoeboxed account.

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Use Shoeboxed’s Magic Envelope to ship off your receipts and get them back as scanned data in a private, secure cloud-based account. 📁 30-day full money-back guarantee!

Creating expense reports for business travel expenses

Once your receipt details are uploaded to your  Shoeboxed account , you can select the receipts you want to put in your expense report and either export, print, or email them to the appropriate authority.

Shoeboxed will then create a detailed and organized  expense report  with images of your receipts attached so you can get reimbursed!

And if you didn’t think it could get any better, Shoeboxed also offers a  free mileage tracker  so you can effortlessly calculate business mileage and add it to your expense report.

Frequently asked questions

Can i get reimbursed for travel expenses.

The IRS offers two plans for reimbursing workers for travel expenses that are deductible: 1. Employers don’t have to pay employment tax by not including the reimbursement for travel-related expenses from the worker’s wages with the accountable plan; or 2. Employers will have to count all payments to workers as wages under a non-accountable plan.

What are travel reimbursements?

Travel compensation consists of reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses by employees when they travel for work. The employee typically fills out an expense report and turns it in to the employer. Your employee’s costs will be affected according to your company and reimbursement policies. Travel insurance policies provide you with guidelines for reimbursement of travel expenses.

How much travel expense can I claim?

During business travel the actual cost of transport is 100% deducted—whether it is a flight ticket, train ticket, or bus ticket. Similarly, renting a motor vehicle can make your travel expenses deductible.

In conclusion

The best way to establish an accurate reimbursement strategy for your employee and your company is to ensure that you have an expense reimbursement policy in place and that it is covered by all applicable employees during the onboarding process.

Providing an expense report template makes it much easier for the employees and for those processing the expense reports.

The expense reports will also help to maximize tax deductions, make the audit process much smoother, and ensure that the employee is being reimbursed the correct amount.

Caryl Ramsey  has years of experience assisting in different aspects of bookkeeping, taxes, and customer service. She uses a variety of accounting software for setting up client information, reconciling accounts, coding expenses, running financial reports, and preparing tax returns. She is also experienced in setting up corporations with the State Corporation Commission and the IRS.

About Shoeboxed!

Shoeboxed  is a receipt scanning service with  receipt software  that supports multiple methods for receipt capture: send, scan, upload, forward, and more!

You can stuff your receipts into one of our Magic Envelopes (prepaid postage within the US). Use our receipt app ( iPhone ,  iPad  and  Android ) to snap a picture while on the go. Auto-import receipts from Gmail. Or forward a receipt to your designated Shoeboxed email address.

Turn your receipts into data and deductibles with our expense reports that include IRS-accepted receipt images.

Join over 1 million businesses scanning & organizing receipts, creating expense reports and more—with Shoeboxed.

Try  Shoeboxed  today!

Turn business receipts into data & deductibles

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What is a Tax Home, and How Does it Impact Travel Expenses?

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Written by Liz Farr, CPA

• Modified Aug 8, 2019

Today’s super-mobile workforce means that you may have clients who are splitting their time between multiple work locations. In these situations, understanding the concept of a tax home will help clarify the treatment of travel expenses.

What is a Tax Home?

The IRS defines a tax home as the city or general area where someone’s main place of business or work is located. If your client travels away from their tax home for work purposes, their travel expenses may be deductible.

“May be deductible” has taken on new meaning since the  Tax Cuts and Jobs Act  was passed in late 2017. Under prior law, employees could deduct unreimbursed work expenses, including travel expenses, as a miscellaneous itemized deduction. However, from 2018 though 2025, that deduction has been suspended, except for Armed Forces reservists, qualified performing artists, and fee-basis state or local government officials.

The best bet for employees who no longer qualify to deduct their travel expenses is to set up an  accountable plan  with their employer. Reimbursed travel expenses under an accountable plan are not taxable to the employee, while reimbursements under a non-accountable plan are included in the employee’s wages.

However, self-employed individuals can still deduct expenses for travel away from their tax home as business expenses.

A tax home may or may not be the same place as the family home, or a place that your client returns to regularly. For clients who work in more than one place, their tax home is their main place of business or work. This is determined by considering the following factors:

• The total time spent in each place.
• The level of business or work activity in each place.
• The relative amount of income earned in each place.

Expenses for work-related travel away from someone’s tax home are deductible or can be reimbursed tax-free under an accountable plan. Travel expenses include transportation, meals, lodging, laundry and dry cleaning, and incidentals.

For example, Ryan is a self-employed consultant living in Denver. He spends one week of every month working onsite for a client in Salt Lake City. Ryan spends the remaining three weeks of the month working with clients in the Denver area. Ryan’s tax home is Denver, so his travel, lodging and meal expenses for his monthly trips to Salt Lake City are deductible.

Over time, Ryan’s client in Salt Lake City becomes a bigger part of his work. Eventually, Ryan is spending all of his working time in Salt Lake City and flying home to Denver on the weekends. Now, his tax home is Salt Lake City, and neither his living expenses in Salt Lake City nor his plane fare between Denver and Salt Lake City are deductible.

What About Temporary Work Assignments?

It’s not unusual for an employee to be sent to work in a different location. If that assignment is temporary and the employee maintains a home in the original location, the tax home is still the original location. Travel expenses will be deductible for a contractor. Employee reimbursements under an accountable plan will be tax-free.

But, if the assignment is permanent or indefinite, then the person’s tax home is the new location, so travel expenses are not deductible. Accountable plan reimbursements are now taxable to the employee.

The IRS defines “temporary” as a work assignment that’s expected to last a year or less. If a work assignment that started out as a temporary posting is extended to more than a year, then it becomes an indefinite assignment when the anticipated duration changes.

For example, Kimberly has been working for a company in Boston and is sent to Los Angeles for an eight-month project. Kimberly’s tax home is still Boston. Her employer reimburses her for her travel, lodging and meals under an accountable plan, and those reimbursements are tax-free.

However, seven months into the project, Kimberly’s employer decides to extend her posting in Los Angeles for another eight months, to a total of 15 months. At that point, Kimberly’s assignment becomes indefinite, so her tax home changes to Los Angeles. If her employer continues to reimburse her for living expenses, even if it’s done under an accountable plan, those reimbursements are now taxable.

This only scratches the surface of the tangled web that results when people live and work in multiple locations. Depending on the states involved, your clients may also have state tax issues. IRS  Publication 463 ,  Travel, Gift, and Car Expenses , is a good resource, so be sure to check it out if you have clients in this situation.

Editor’s note: This article was published on the Firm of the Future blog .

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Liz spent 15 years working as an accountant with a focus on tax work as well as working on audits, business valuation, and litigation support. Since 2018, she’s been a full-time freelance writer, and has written blog posts, case studies, white papers, web content, and books for accountants and bookkeepers around the world. Her current specialty is ghostwriting for thought leaders in accounting. More from Liz Farr, CPA

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Everything You Need to Know About the Business Travel Tax Deduction

Justin is an IRS Enrolled Agent, allowing him to represent taxpayers before the IRS. He loves helping freelancers and small business owners save on taxes. He is also an attorney and works part-time with the Keeper Tax team.

You don’t have to fly first class and stay at a fancy hotel to claim travel expense tax deductions. Conferences, worksite visits, and even a change of scenery can (sometimes) qualify as business travel.

What counts as business travel?

The IRS does have a few simple guidelines for determining what counts as business travel. Your trip has to be:

• Mostly business
• An “ordinary and necessary” expense
• Someplace far away from your “tax home”

What counts as "mostly business"?

The IRS will measure your time away in days. If you spend more days doing business activities than not, your trip is considered "mostly business". Your travel days are counted as work days.

Special rules for traveling abroad

If you are traveling abroad for business purposes, you trip counts as " entirely for business " as long as you spend less than 25% of your time on personal activities (like vacationing). Your travel days count as work days.

So say you you head off to Zurich for nine days. You've got a seven-day run of conference talks, client meetings, and the travel it takes to get you there. You then tack on two days skiing on the nearby slopes.

Good news: Your trip still counts as "entirely for business." That's because two out of nine days is less than 25%.

What is an “ordinary and necessary” expense?

“Ordinary and necessary” means that the trip:

• Makes sense given your industry, and
• Was taken for the purpose of carrying out business activities

If you have a choice between two conferences — one in your hometown, and one in London — the British one wouldn’t be an ordinary and necessary expense.

What is your tax home?

A taxpayer can deduct travel expenses anytime you are traveling away from home but depending on where you work the IRS definition of “home” can get complicated.

Your tax home is often — but not always — where you live with your family (what the IRS calls your "family home"). When it comes to defining it, there are two factors to consider:

• What's your main place of business, and
• How large is your tax home

What's your main place of business?

If your main place of business is somewhere other than your family home, your tax home will be the former — where you work, not where your family lives.

For example, say you:

• Live with your family in Chicago, but
• Work in Milwaukee during the week (where you stay in hotels and eat in restaurants)

Then your tax home is Milwaukee. That's your main place of business, even if you travel back to your family home every weekend.

How large is your tax home?

In most cases, your tax home is the entire city or general area where your main place of business is located.

The “entire city” is easy to define but “general area” gets a bit tricker. For example, if you live in a rural area, then your general area may span several counties during a regular work week.

Rules for business travel

Want to check if your trip is tax-deductible? Make sure it follows these rules set by the IRS.

1. Your trip should take you away from your home base

A good rule of thumb is 100 miles. That’s about a two hour drive, or any kind of plane ride. To be able to claim all the possible travel deductions, your trip should require you to sleep somewhere that isn’t your home.

2. You should be working regular hours

In general, that means eight hours a day of work-related activity.

It’s fine to take personal time in the evenings, and you can still take weekends off. But you can’t take a half-hour call from Disneyland and call it a business trip.

Here's an example. Let’s say you’re a real estate agent living in Chicago. You travel to an industry conference in Las Vegas. You go to the conference during the day, go out in the evenings, and then stay the weekend. That’s a business trip!

3. The trip should last less than a year

Once you’ve been somewhere for over a year, you’re essentially living there. However, traveling for six months at a time is fine!

For example, say you’re a freelancer on Upwork, living in Seattle. You go down to stay with your sister in San Diego for the winter to expand your client network, and you work regular hours while you’re there. That counts as business travel.

What about digital nomads?

With the rise of remote-first workplaces, many freelancers choose to take their work with them as they travel the globe. There are a couple of requirements these expats have to meet if they want to write off travel costs.

Requirement #1: A tax home

Digital nomads have to be able to claim a particular foreign city as a tax home if they want to write off any travel expenses. You don't have to be there all the time — but it should be your professional home base when you're abroad.

For example, say you've rent a room or a studio apartment in Prague for the year. You regularly call clients and finish projects from there. You still travel a lot, for both work and play. But Prague is your tax home, so you can write off travel expenses.

Requirement #2: Some work-related reason for traveling

As long as you've got a tax home and some work-related reason for traveling, these excursion count as business trips. Plausible reasons include meeting with local clients, or attending a local conference and then extending your stay.

However, if you’re a freelance software developer working from Thailand because you like the weather, that unfortunately doesn't count as business travel.

The travel expenses you can write off

As a rule of thumb, all travel-related expenses on a business trip are tax-deductible. You can also claim meals while traveling, but be careful with entertainment expenses (like going out for drinks!).

Here are some common travel-related write-offs you can take.

🛫 All transportation

Any transportation costs are a travel tax deduction. This includes traveling by airplane, train, bus, or car. Baggage fees are deductible, and so are Uber rides to and from the airport.

Just remember: if a client is comping your airfare, or if you booked your ticket with frequent flier miles, then it isn't deductible since your cost was $0.

If you rent a car to go on a business trip, that rental is tax-deductible. If you drive your own vehicle, you can either take actual costs or use the standard mileage deduction. There's more info on that in our guide to deducting car expenses .

Hotels, motels, Airbnb stays, sublets on Craigslist, even reimbursing a friend for crashing on their couch: all of these are tax-deductible lodging expenses.

🥡 Meals while traveling

If your trip has you staying overnight — or even crashing somewhere for a few hours before you can head back — you can write off food expenses. Grabbing a burger alone or a coffee at your airport terminal counts! Even groceries and takeout are tax-deductible.

One important thing to keep in mind: You can usually deduct 50% of your meal costs. For 2021 and 2022, meals you get at restaurants are 100% tax-deductible. Go to the grocery store, though, and you’re limited to the usual 50%.

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🌐 Wi-Fi and communications

Wi-Fi — on a plane or at your hotel — is completely deductible when you’re traveling for work. This also goes for other communication expenses, like hotspots and international calls.

If you need to ship things as part of your trip — think conference booth materials or extra clothes — those expenses are also tax-deductible.

👔 Dry cleaning

Need to look your best on the trip? You can write off related expenses, like laundry charges.

{write_off_block}

Travel expenses you can't deduct

Some travel costs may seem like no-brainers, but they're not actually tax-deductible. Here are a couple of common ones to watch our for.

The cost of bringing your child or spouse

If you bring your child or spouse on a business trip, your travel expense deductions get a little trickier. In general, the cost of bring other people on a business trip is considered personal expense — which means it's not deductible.

You can only deduct travel expenses if your child or spouse:

• Is an employee,
• Has a bona fide business purpose for traveling with you, and
• Would otherwise be allowed to deduct the travel expense on their own

Some hotel bill charges

Staying in a hotel may be required for travel purposes. That's why the room charge and taxes are deductible.

Some additional charges, though, won't qualify. Here are some examples of fees that aren't tax-deductible:

• Gym or fitness center fees
• Movie rental fees
• Game rental fees

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Where to claim travel expenses when filing your taxes

If you are self-employed, you will claim all your income tax deduction on the Schedule C. This is part of the Form 1040 that self-employed people complete ever year.

What happens if your business deductions are disallowed?

If the IRS challenges your business deduction and they are disallowed, there are potential penalties. This can happen if:

• The deduction was not legitimate and shouldn't have been claimed in the first place, or
• The deduction was legitimate, but you don't have the documentation to support it

When does the penalty come into play?

The 20% penalty is not automatic. It only applies if it allowed you to pay substantially less taxes than you normally would. In most cases, the IRS considers “substantially less” to mean you paid at least 10% less.

In practice, you would only reach this 10% threshold if the IRS disqualified a significant number of your travel deductions.

How much is the penalty?

The penalty is normally 20% of the difference between what you should have paid and what you actually paid. You also have to make up the original difference.

In total, this means you will be paying 120% of your original tax obligation: your original obligation, plus 20% penalty.

Justin W. Jones, EA, JD

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Issues relating to whether paid or reimbursed travel expenses may be taxable or nontaxable to employees

Issues relating to whether paid or reimbursed travel expenses may be taxable or nontaxable

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In response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, organizations across the globe experienced a workplace transformation by expanding and enabling remote work practically overnight. The rise in flexible worksite arrangements presents a challenge to employers that provide them and pay or reimburse employees for business travel because the rules for when reimbursed expenses related to business travel can be excluded from an employee’s compensation are complex, often outdated, and derived from court decisions with very specific facts and circumstances.

Read a  May 2023 report * [PDF 431 KB] prepared KPMG LLP tax professionals that discusses the issues relating to whether paid or reimbursed travel expenses may be taxable or nontaxable to employees, focusing in particular on the analysis of the location of an employee’s tax home, including whether a personal residence may be considered a tax home.

*This article originally appeared in  Tax Notes Federal (May 1, 2023) and is provided with permission.

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Mastering Expense Reimbursement: The Complete Process and Best Practices

Expense reimbursement is a significant cost for businesses, requiring efficient methods and technology to manage effectively. Without proper systems, time and money can be lost in the process. 

The complexity of expense reimbursement not only consumes your and your employees’ valuable time but also leaves businesses vulnerable to fraud. To mitigate these challenges, businesses need streamlined processes and reliable technologies. 

In this blog, we will explore the intricacies of expense reimbursement, highlighting the importance of efficient management and the role of technology in simplifying the process and reducing the risk of fraud.

What is Expense Reimbursement?

Expense reimbursement is a crucial process for businesses of all sizes and industries. It involves compensating employees for out-of-pocket expenses they incur while performing their job duties. Unlike regular salaries, these reimbursements are not subject to tax deductions.

Employees often need to pay for work-related expenses upfront, such as travel or client entertainment. A formal expense reimbursement plan ensures that employees are reimbursed fairly and promptly. It also helps management control spending and maximize tax benefits.

Without a well-structured reimbursement plan, requests and reports may be overlooked, leading to delays in reimbursing employees. A disorganized process can also create frustration and tension between employees and management. Therefore, it’s essential to establish a clear and efficient procedure for employee reimbursement .

Example of Expense Reimbursement

Imagine you’re a sales representative for a company, and your job involves traveling to meet clients. During one of your trips, you need to book a hotel for two nights and have meals while away. You pay for these expenses using your credit card, totaling $500.

After returning from your trip, you compile an expense report detailing your expenditures, including receipts for the hotel stay and meals. You submit this report to your manager along with the receipts as proof of your expenses.

Your manager reviews the report and approves the travel expense reimbursement . The finance department then processes the reimbursement, and you receive $500 to cover the costs you incurred during your business trip.

Types of Expenses Reimbursement

There are several types of expense reimbursements that businesses commonly use:

• Travel Expenses: This includes costs employees incur while traveling for work, such as airfare, hotel accommodations, rental cars, and meals.
• Mileage Reimbursement: When employees use their vehicles for work-related travel, they can be reimbursed based on the number of miles driven at a standard rate.
• Meal Expenses: Employees can be reimbursed for meals purchased while traveling for work or during business meetings.
• Transportation Expenses: This includes costs for public transportation, taxis, or ride-sharing services used for business purposes.
• Supplies and Materials: Reimbursement for office supplies or materials purchased by employees for work-related activities.
• Client Entertainment: Expenses related to entertaining clients, such as meals or event tickets, can be reimbursed.
• Training and Education: Reimbursement for costs associated with attending work-related training or educational events.

Businesses need to have clear policies and guidelines regarding what expenses are eligible for reimbursement and the documentation required to process reimbursement requests.

What Qualifies as a Reimbursable Expense?

When determining the validity of employee’s expense reimbursements, adherence to the organization’s travel and expense policies is paramount. Any expense incurred personally by employees must align with these policies.

If the expense fits into any of the following categories, it qualifies for reimbursement:

• Is the expense necessary for the completion of the job? 
• Would any employee in the same position incur the same expense?
• Are the expenses related to travel that are essential and unavoidable for job completion?
• Did the employee use their funds to cover on-the-job expenses?
• Has the employee submitted a reimbursement claim for an expense?
• Has the employee submitted proof of payment for the expense incurred?
• Did the employee inform the higher management or accounting department within a reasonable time?

How Should Employees Report Expenses?

Employees should report expenses by filling out an expense report form, detailing costs incurred while conducting business activities. This form is essential for reimbursement and financial reporting purposes.

An expense report typically includes:

Expense Details: Date, description, amount, and currency of each expense.

Expense Categories: Grouping expenses by type (e.g., lodging, meals, travel) to help organize and analyze spending.

Supporting Documents: Receipts, invoices , or other proof of payment for reimbursement and auditing purposes.

Total Charges: Summing up all expenses for a specific period, with subtotals for different expense categories if needed.

Additional Details: Purpose of the expense, project/client associated with it, and any special notes.

Once completed, the expense report is submitted to the appropriate department or authority within the organization for review, approval, and processing. The organization’s policies and procedures will determine how expenses are evaluated, reimbursed, and recorded in financial records.

A Step-by-Step Guide to Expense Reimbursement Process

1. define a clear expense policy.

Begin by developing a comprehensive expense policy that clearly outlines which expenses are eligible for reimbursement and the procedures for submitting reimbursement claims. This policy serves as a guide for employees and helps prevent overspending or reimbursement requests for non-allowable expenses.

2. Categorize Expenses

Establish a method for organizing and categorizing expenses to streamline the reimbursement process. This could involve creating expense categories based on the nature of the expense (e.g., travel, meals, supplies) and ensuring that expenses are properly classified for accurate reporting and accounting purposes.

3. Educate Employees on Reimbursement Procedures

Ensure employees understand the rules and procedures for submitting reimbursement claims, including the importance of accurate documentation and adherence to the policy guidelines. Encourage open communication and address employees’ questions or concerns to ensure compliance with the policy.

4. Specify the Documentation Requirements

Clearly define the documentation requirements for each expense category to ensure compliance with the policy. This may include receipts, invoices, or other proof of purchase. Explain to employees the importance of maintaining and submitting accurate documentation to support their reimbursement claims.

5. Record and Manage Expenses

Implement a system for employees to capture and document their expenses. This could be a digital system where employees can upload photos of receipts or a manual process where employees keep physical copies of receipts. Ensure that the process is easy to use to encourage compliance.

6. Submit Expense Reports

Offer a platform to employees where they can submit their expense details seamlessly. The platform can be an automated travel and expense management software or a manual form or spreadsheet. Encourage employees to submit their reports on time to avoid delays in processing. Provide guidance on completing the expense report form and what information is required for each expense.

7. Review and Approve Expense Claims

Designate a review process for expense reports to ensure compliance with the policy. This may involve a review by the finance team or department managers to verify the accuracy and validity of the expenses. Any discrepancies or non-compliant expenses should be addressed and resolved before expense approval .

8. Reimbursement Expenses

Once expense reports have been reviewed and approved, ensure that reimbursements are processed promptly. Timely reimbursement helps maintain employee satisfaction and ensures that employees are not financially burdened by out-of-pocket expenses incurred while performing their job duties.

Major Roadblocks in the Manual Expense Reimbursement Process

1. Employee cash flow constraints . Traditional reimbursement processes strain employees’ finances and satisfaction; delays worsen this, especially with check-based payments.

2. Ambiguity in expense policies. Complex policies lead to confusion, non-compliance, and overspending; clear policies are crucial for adherence and a smooth reimbursement process.

3. Limited spend visibility. Lack of real-time expense data hampers effective monitoring and managing of employee spending, impacting financial processes.

4. Cumbersome paperwork. Manual receipt management is time-consuming and error-prone; automation can streamline this process, reducing manual efforts.

5. Prone to errors. Manual entry increases the likelihood of inaccuracies in financial records, emphasizing the need for digital solutions for accuracy.

6. Communication Challenges. Miscommunication delays reimbursements; clear instructions on documentation and approval procedures are essential.

7. Receipt management issues. Manual receipt handling is challenging; automation simplifies receipt verification and matching with expense reports.

8. Approval delays. Manual approval processes are inefficient and lead to delays; automation can streamline workflows for faster approvals.

9. Manual audit and compliance challenges. Manual checks are time-consuming; automated solutions are needed for efficient compliance checks and error detection.

How to Streamline Expense Reimbursement Process?

Streamlining the expense reimbursement process can significantly improve efficiency and reduce administrative burdens. Automation plays a crucial role in achieving this goal. By automating expense reimbursement, organizations can eliminate manual tasks, reduce errors, and speed up the reimbursement cycle.

Automation allows employees to submit expenses easily through digital platforms, such as expense management software or mobile apps. These tools can automatically validate expenses against company policies, ensuring compliance and reducing the need for manual review. 

Furthermore, automation enables faster approval processes, as managers can review and approve expenses digitally, from anywhere. This eliminates the need for physical receipts and paper-based approval workflows, making the process more efficient and convenient for everyone involved.

How Automated Expense Reimbursement Benefit Everyone?

Automated expense reimbursement offers advantages that boost morale, tax deductions, and productivity. Let’s delve into these benefits for both employers and employees.

Benefits for Employers

• Error Reduction: Automation eliminates errors in expense reporting and reimbursement processes, reducing mistakes made by employees, managers, and finance departments.
• Paperless Processes: Automation reduces paperwork, allowing supervisors and finance teams to manage reports efficiently and quickly.
• Policy Compliance: Automation ensures greater compliance with company expense policies, flagging and preventing reimbursement for reports that violate these policies.
• Increased Visibility: Automation provides better visibility into spending, helping identify overspending or underspending categories and allowing for better control and forecasting of expenses.

Benefits for Employees

• Reduced Personal Burden: A good reimbursement process assures employees that their money spent on business expenses will be reimbursed, reducing financial stress.
• Stress-Free Travel: Structured reimbursement systems guarantee that employees’ business trips are stress-free by eliminating the possibility of payment delays.
• Simplified Expense Claims: A clear and straightforward reimbursement process helps employees adhere to procedures and expense policies, making expense claims easier and more manageable.

How Peakflo Streamlines Expense Reimbursement?

Peakflo’s Travel and Expense Management solution streamlines expense reimbursement. It provides a suite of features that simplify the entire process from policy creation to auto-disbursement . It allows companies to configure specific policies for allowable expenses, manage expense categories, and define rules for approvals based on various criteria. 

With Peakflo, employees can easily submit travel requests and expenses, while managers can quickly review and approve them. Automation ensures compliance with company policies, reduces errors, and speeds up reimbursement cycles. 

The system also offers 2-way matching with OCR technology , flagging any mismatches or duplicate expenses. Additionally, Peakflo centralizes communication and approvals, providing a clear audit trail for transparency and accountability.

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Expense Reconciliation: A How-to Guide to Reconcile Expense Reports

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Can I deduct travel expenses?

If you’re self-employed or own a business , you can deduct work-related travel expenses, including vehicles, airfare, lodging, and meals. The expenses must be ordinary and necessary.

For vehicle expenses, you can choose between the standard mileage rate or the actual cost method where you track what you paid for gas and maintenance.

You can generally only claim 50% of the cost of your meals while on business-related travel away from your tax home, provided your trip requires an overnight stay. You can also deduct 50% of the cost of meals for entertaining clients (regardless of location), but due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA), you can no longer deduct entertainment expenses in tax years 2018 through 2025. In 2021 and 2022, the law allows a deduction for 100% of your cost of food and beverages that are provided by a restaurant, instead of the usual 50% deduction.

On the other hand, employees can no longer deduct out-of-pocket travel costs in tax years 2018 through 2025 per the TCJA (this does not apply to Armed Forces reservists, qualified performing artists, fee-basis state or local government officials, and employees with impairment-related work expenses). Prior to the tax rule change, employees could claim 50% of the cost of unreimbursed meals while on business-related travel away from their tax home if the trip required an overnight stay, as well as other unreimbursed job-related travel costs. These expenses were handled as a 2% miscellaneous itemized deduction.

Related Information:

• Can I deduct medical mileage and travel?
• Can I deduct my moving expenses?
• Can I deduct rent?
• Can I deduct mileage?
• Can employees deduct commuting expenses like gas, mileage, fares, and tolls?

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Key benefits of travel medical insurance

• Travel medical insurance coverage
• Who needs medical travel insurance?

Choosing the right travel medical insurance

How to use travel medical insurance, is travel medical insurance right for your next trip, travel medical insurance: essential coverage for health and safety abroad.

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• Travel medical insurance covers unexpected emergency medical expenses while traveling.
• Travelers off to foreign countries or remote areas should strongly consider travel medical insurance.
• If you have to use your travel medical insurance, keep all documents related to your treatment.

Of all the delights associated with travel to far-flung locales, getting sick or injured while away from home is low on the savvy traveler's list. Beyond gut-wrenching anxiety, seeking medical treatment in a foreign country can be exceedingly inconvenient and expensive.

The peace of mind that comes with travel insurance for the many things that could ail you while abroad is priceless. As options for travel-related insurance abound, it's essential to research, read the fine print, and act according to the specifics of your itinerary, pocketbook, and other needs.

Travel insurance reimburses you for any unexpected medical expenses incurred while traveling. On domestic trips, travel medical insurance usually take a backseat to your health insurance. However, when traveling to a foreign country, where your primary health insurance can't cover you, travel medical insurance takes the wheel. This can be especially helpful in countries with high medical care costs, such as Scandinavian countries.

Emergency medical evacuation insurance

Another benefit that often comes with travel medical insurance, emergency medical evacuation insurance covers you for any costs to transport you to an adequately equipped medical center. Emergency medical evacuation insurance is often paired with repatriation insurance, which covers costs associated with returning your remains to your home country if the worst happens. 

These benefits are for worst-case scenarios, but they might be more necessary depending on the type of trips you take. Emergency medical evacuation insurance is helpful if you're planning on traveling to a remote location or if you're traveling on a cruise as sea to land evacuations can be costly. Some of the best travel insurance companies also offer non-medical evacuations as part of an adventure sports insurance package.

It's also worth mentioning that emergency medical evacuation insurance is required for international students studying in the US on a J Visa. 

Types of coverage offered by travel medical insurance

The exact terms of your coverage will vary depending on your insurer, but you can expect most travel medical insurance policies to offer the following coverages.

• Hospital room and board
• Inpatient/outpatient hospital services
• Prescription Drugs
• COVID-19 treatment
• Emergency room services
• Urgent care visits
• Local ambulance
• Acute onset of pre-existing conditions
• Dental coverage (accident/sudden relief of pain)
• Medical care due to terrorist attack
• Emergency medical evacuation 
• Repatriation of mortal remains
• Accidental death and dismemberment

Travel medical insurance and pre-existing conditions

Many travel insurance providers will cover pre-existing conditions as long as certain conditions are met. For one, travelers need to purchase their travel insurance within a certain time frame from when they placed a deposit on their trip, usually two to three weeks. 

Additionally, travel insurance companies usually only cover stable medical conditions, which are conditions that don't need additional medical treatment, diagnosis, or medications.

Who needs travel medical insurance?

Even the best-laid travel plans can go awry. As such, it pays to consider your potential healthcare needs before taking off, even if you are generally healthy. Even if well-managed, preexisting conditions like diabetes or asthma can make a medical backup plan even more vital.

Having what you need to refill prescriptions or get other care if you get stuck somewhere other than home could be essential to your health and well-being. That's without counting all the accidents and illnesses that can hit us when away from home.

Individuals traveling for extended periods (more than six months) or engaging in high-risk activities (think scuba diving or parasailing) should also consider a solid medical travel plan. Both scenarios increase the likelihood that medical attention, whether routine or emergency, could be needed.

In the case of travel via the friendly seas, it's also worth considering cruise trip medical travel insurance . Routine care will be available onboard. But anything beyond that will require transportation to the nearest land mass (and could quickly become extremely expensive, especially if you're in another country).

Like other types of insurance, medical travel insurance rates are calculated based on various factors. Failing to disclose a preexisting health condition could result in a lapse of coverage right when you need it, as insurers can cancel your policy if you withhold material information. So honesty is always the best policy.

Even the best-laid travel plans can go awry. As such, it pays to consider your potential healthcare needs before taking off, even if you are generally healthy. Making the right choice when shopping for travel medical insurance can mean the difference between a minor hiccup in your travels and a financial nightmare. 

When a travel insurance company comes up with a quote for your policy, they take a few factors into consideration, such as your age, your destination, and the duration of your trip. You should do the same when assessing a travel insurance company. 

For example, older travelers who are more susceptible to injury may benefit from travel medical insurance (though your premiums will be higher). If you're traveling for extended periods throughout one calendar year, you should look into an annual travel medical insurance plan . If you're engaging in high-risk activities (think scuba diving or parasailing), you should seek a plan that includes coverage for injuries sustained in adventure sports.

Travel medical insurance isn't just for peace of mind. If you travel often enough, there's a good chance you'll eventually experience an incident where medical treatment is necessary.

Before you submit your claim, you should take some time to understand your policy. Your travel medical insurance is either primary (you can submit claims directly to your travel medical insurance provider) or secondary (you must first submit claims to your primary insurance provider). In the case of secondary travel medical insurance, a refusal notice from your primary insurance provider, even if it does not cover medical claims outside the US, is often required as evidence of protocol.

On that note, you should be sure to document every step of your medical treatment. You should keep any receipts for filled prescriptions, hospital bills, and anything else documenting your medical emergency.

As many people have found out the hard way, reading the fine print is vital. Most travel insurance policies will reimburse your prepaid, nonrefundable expenses if you fall ill with a severe condition, including illnesses like COVID-19. 

Still on the fence about whether or not medical travel insurance is worth it ? It's worth noting that many travel insurance plans also include medical protections, so you can also protect against trip cancellations and other unexpected developments while obtaining travel medical insurance.

While short, domestic trips may not warrant travel medical insurance, it may be a good idea to insure longer, international trips. You should also consider travel medical insurance for trips to remote areas, where a medical evacuation may be expensive, and more physically tasking trips.

While shopping for travel medical insurance may not be fun, a little advance leg work can let you relax on your trip and give you peace of mind. After all, that is the point of a vacation. 

Medical travel insurance frequently asked questions

Trip insurance covers any unexpected financial losses while traveling, such as the cost of replacing lost luggage, trip interruptions, and unexpected medical expenses. Travel medical insurance just covers those medical expenses without the trip interruption or cancellation insurance.

Travel insurance companies usually offer adventure sports as add-on coverage or a separate plan entirely. You'll likely pay more for a policy with adventure sports coverage. 

Many travel medical insurance policies now include coverage for COVID-19 related medical expenses and treat it like any other illness. However, you should double-check your policy to ensure that is the case.

Editorial Note: Any opinions, analyses, reviews, or recommendations expressed in this article are the author’s alone, and have not been reviewed, approved, or otherwise endorsed by any card issuer. Read our editorial standards .

Please note: While the offers mentioned above are accurate at the time of publication, they're subject to change at any time and may have changed, or may no longer be available.

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In this section

Reimbursable expenses.

• Non-Reimbursable Expenses
• How Per Diem is Calculated
• Foreign Flag Carrier Exemption
• Manual Travel Reimbursement Form
• Mileage and Per Diem Rates

In addition to air travel, ground transportation, hotels, and meals, the following expenses are generally reimbursable.

Airport and Other Parking Fees

Airport parking is payable/reimbursable when it is the most practical and economical option available considering the length of the trip. If you are on university business, you can use Cornell’s parking discount at the Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport by showing your valid Cornell ID card at the gate when you exit.

Other reasonable parking fees will be reimbursed.

Alcohol is a federally unallowable expense but may be reimbursed under certain conditions, but only with non-sponsored funds. The purchase and use of alcohol may represent a legal exposure to an individual or institution. Some colleges or units may disallow reimbursement of alcohol purchases. Extra caution regarding alcohol should be taken when traveling with students. For more information, see University Policy 4.8, Alcohol and Other Drugs .

Business Entertainment

Business entertainment expenses include social events, performances, or sporting events when a business discussion takes place during, immediately before, or immediately after the event. You may be reimbursed for business entertainment expenses only when all of the following are true :

• You have prior approval from your college or unit.
• The people being entertained have a potential or actual business relationship with the university.
• The business discussion will benefit the university.

Detailed receipts are required for sufficient supporting documentation.

Entertainment expenses are not allowed on a federal grant or contract account and must be recorded as federally unallowable .

Conference and Registration Fees

To promote knowledge sharing and reduce costs, if multiple people from the same unit are traveling to attend the same conference, before traveling, you should consider the budget implications and discuss it with your budget manager or administrative office, as applicable. If the conference has an option to attend virtually, you should consider using that option instead of attending the conference in person, when appropriate.

You can pay for conference fees and registrations using your Travel & Meal Card. If you don’t have a travel card, you can ask your unit or service center representative to pay your fee on a unit card.

Dependent Care Costs for Faculty

Faculty members can apply for taxable compensation to cover the dependent care costs from the Faculty Dependent Care Travel Fund . All other dependent care costs are unallowable as business travel expense except in very limited circumstances provided for in sponsored awards.

Incidental Expenses

Incidentals are fees and tips to porters, baggage carriers, hotel staff, etc. Incidentals are included as part of the per diem rate. You may be reimbursed for incidentals when, over the course of a trip, the provided or group/business/hosted meal results in unrecovered incidentals because the incidental expense portion of the per diem has been reduced.

For domestic travel only , Cornell will pay/reimburse reasonable expenses for laundry services when it’s necessary that you be away from home for more than five consecutive workdays on business travel, or when unusual circumstances require these services. Receipts are required for laundry expenses greater than $75.

Note: Federal international per diem rates include laundry services and therefore laundry costs are not separately reimbursable.

Telephone and Internet Usage

Incremental cost of business calls and data are reimbursable, but not for basic coverage for personal cell or land phones. You must document the business purpose for long-distance calls.

You are expected to use the most economical or efficient means of accessing the Internet and using the telephone when travelling.

Reasonable tolls will be reimbursed. These charges are normally below the $75 receipt threshold. If the amount is not known, in many cases you can identify the charges using  www.platepass.com or on your NY E-ZPass account statement and then included in the initial reimbursement. 

Travel Disruption

You may be reimbursed for reasonable, allowable costs, resulting from travel disruption outside your control such as inclement weather, but if you carriers or other vendors offer refunds, meals, lodging, or transportation, you must use these before claiming such expenses. You must not claim reimbursement for expenses covered by the carrier or travel vendor. These costs may not be allowable on sponsored awards. Contact Sponsored Financial Services for assistance.