peru tourist facts

18 Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Peru

Written by Lana Law Updated Oct 14, 2022

Peru is a country of history, culture, beauty, and adventure, with a full spectrum of possibilities for travelers. The ancient Inca City of Machu Picchu is one of the highlights of any trip to South America, but there is much more to discover throughout Peru.

You can take a boat trip on the highest navigable lake in the world, look out over one of the deepest canyons in the world, try your luck sandboarding in the dunes, hike in the Andes, or fish for piranha in the Amazon . Other attractions and things to do in Peru include exploring the mysteries of the Nazca lines, walking through ancient ruins in the Sacred Valley , or experiencing modern Peru while wandering the streets of Lima.

The diversity of the landscape, the people, and the experiences here make Peru one of the most unique destinations on the continent. Find the best places to visit with our list of the top tourist attractions in Peru.

1. Machu Picchu

2. the inca trail, 3. cusco's architectural treasures, 4. lake titicaca, 5. colca canyon (cañon del colca), 6. nazca lines, 7. the sacred valley, 8. ollantaytambo, 9. arequipa's historical city center, 10. puerto maldonado and the amazon, 11. lima's historic center, 12. ica and the sand dunes at huacachina, 13. pisco and the ballestas islands (islas ballestas), 14. sillustani, 15. barranco, 16. cordillera blanca, 17. saqsaywaman, 18. salcantay.

Perched high upon a ridge, 300 meters above the Urubamba River, the majestic Inca City of Machu Picchu is one of the most dramatic settings of a ruined city anywhere in the world. Almost as impressive as the ruins themselves is the spectacular backdrop of steep, lush, and often cloud-shrouded mountains.

Standing near the caretaker's hut, looking out over Machu Picchu, the jungle-covered mountains, and the river far below, you can imagine why the Incas chose this place to build their city.

Hiram Bingham came across Machu Picchu in 1911 and believed until his death that it was the "Lost City of the Incas," first documented by Spanish soldiers in the 1500s. However, historians believe the real lost city of the Incas was at Espíritu Pampa, a ruin Bingham knew of but discounted as being insignificant.

The journey is also part of the experience of visiting Machu Picchu, whether it's by hiking the Inca Trail or seeing the route by train. In either case, it's impossible not to be inspired by the scenery. Trains leave from Cusco , Ollantaytambo , or Urubamba to Aguas Calientes .

From Aguas Calientes, the town below Machu Picchu, a bus takes you up to Machu Picchu, about a 20-minute drive along a harrowing switchback road. It is possible to walk up this road to the site, but this is a long, uphill climb and not recommended.

The admission rules are that you must tour with a guide, you must follow a set tour route. You also have to enter the park at a designated time. Be aware that many websites say they sell tickets, but be sure to go to the official site .

The high season is June to August, but the two months on either side of this also see decent weather and can be a good time to visit with fewer crowds.

Read More: Best World Heritage Sites

The famous Inca Trail is a four-day hike, which terminates at Machu Picchu , and is regarded by many as the highlight of their trip to Peru. This scenic trail is often more demanding than what many people are expecting, but it's also rewarding and one of the most popular things to do in Peru.

A couple of different starting points for the Inca Trail exist, but the traditional four-day hike begins at km 82 of the Cusco - Aguas Calientes rail line. From this point, the trail passes more than 30 Inca ruins and traverses through spectacular scenery. The most difficult portion of the trail is the second day of the hike, with a climb of 1,200 meters in elevation gain and two high passes.

The hike must be done with an agency, and reservations should be booked well in advance, particularly in the high season of June to August.

Some agencies offer a shorter version of the hike , which entails either the last two days or just the last day of the hike. There are campgrounds at intervals along the trail and one at the base of Machu Picchu.

Depending on the type of tour, hikers can either carry their own backpack or have it transported for them. The daily number of hikers and porters on the trail is strictly enforced.

Walking through the streets of Cusco is like wandering through a museum, with history built upon history in this UNESCO World Heritage Site. Inca ruins have been used in the foundations of many of the lovely old colonial buildings lining the narrow roads, showcasing the city's long history.

The main square, Plaza de Armas , in the city center is home to the Cathedral and La Compania , two equally impressive structures. The square is also a great place to start a walking tour, grab a meal, or people watch during the day.

And while there are countless buildings and museums worth visiting, the church of Santo Domingo, resting on the ruins of the Inca site of Coricancha, is one of Cusco's must-see attractions.

• Read More: Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Cusco

The sparkling blue water of Lake Titicaca is surrounded by rolling hills and traditional small villages. The lake area is a mix of beautiful scenery and culture that sets it apart from other regions of the country. Sitting at 3,820 meters above sea level, Lake Titicaca is known for being the highest navigable lake in the world.

A boat trip to the islands and surrounding villages is the best way to appreciate the lake. One of the main tourist attractions is the Uros Floating Islands (Islas Flotantes), which sustain small communities of Uros Indians. These are man-made islands constructed of reeds that have sustained a traditional way of life since the time of the Incas.

What you'll see on tours to these islands is designed for tourism, but it does offer a glimpse into a traditional way of life. The floating islands are only one very small part of Lake Titicaca's attraction, with the real charm lying in the small villages in the hills along the shores of Titicaca and on the main islands of Isla Taquile and Isla Amantani .

The main gateway to Lake Titicaca is the city of Puno , where you'll find hotels, restaurants, and travel agencies. There are trains and buses to Puno and flights in and out of the nearby city of Juliaca.

Although it was once thought to be the deepest canyon in the world, Colca Canyon (Cañon del Colca), twice as deep as the Grand Canyon, is the second deepest after nearby Cotahuasi Canyon . The canyon reaches a depth of 3,400 meters and is the result of a seismic fault between two volcanoes. At the base far below is a winding river.

The Colca Canyon area has been inhabited for thousands of years and was home to the Collagua, Cabana, and eventually the Inca peoples. Stone terracing along the canyon walls dates to AD 800 and is still in use today.

The canyon is about a four-hour drive from Arequipa . Day trips to the canyon are available from Arequipa but two or more days are recommended considering the driving time involved in accessing the canyon. Besides gazing out at the canyon, there are also hot springs, churches, villages, and Inca ruins to explore. Condors are also a big attraction in Colca Canyon as they soar past the cliff walls.

The mysterious Nazca lines are an unusual sight that will leave you with a sense of awe. These huge images on the desert floor were relatively undiscovered until planes flying over the area in the 1920s saw the lines from the air and realized they formed distinct patterns and images.

Until that time there was some recognition of the hillside drawings near Nazca and Paracas, which can be seen from ground level. However, the huge drawings on the flat desert floor are so large that it requires an aerial view to be appreciated.

From the air, it is possible to see 70 different plant and animal drawings as well as hundreds of lines and other geometrical shapes. Some of these lines stretch as long as 10 kilometers, and they are spread over hundreds of square kilometers. Most notable among the figures are a lizard measuring 180 meters long, a condor with a 130-meter wingspan, and several others that include a monkey, hummingbird, killer whale, and spider.

Although it is not known exactly who created the lines or how and why, theories hold that the lines were the product of the Paracas and Nazca cultures sometime between 900 BC and AD 600. Why they were created is the subject of much debate. Some of the theories put forward suggest the lines were a type of astronomical calendar for agriculture, an alien landing pad, a running track, walkways joining ceremonial sites, or part of a water cult.

The lines were created by removing the dark surface layer of stones and piling them at the sides of the lines, creating a contrast between the dark stones and the exposed lighter soil below. Flights can be booked in advance or on a walk-in, first-come first-serve basis.

Approximately four kilometers outside of Nazca are the Cantalloc Aqueducts . Built around AD 300 to 600, the aqueducts were designed to provide a year-round water source for the area. They conduct water from the mountain springs down to Nazca by means of underground canals. Some of the Cantalloc Aqueducts are still used by farmers in the area.

Also of interest in the area is the Cemetery of Chauchilla, which contains Nazca remains and mummies.

Less than an hour's drive north of Cusco is the beautiful Sacred Valley and the towns of Pisac, Urubamba, and Ollantaytambo. This fertile valley has many Inca ruins worth exploring but is also a peaceful area to spend some time wandering through markets or soaking up local culture.

Among the highlights in the valley are the Pisac Ruins and the Sunday Market in Pisac (smaller market days are held on Tuesdays and Thursdays). Here, you'll find an amazing selection of local handicrafts.

A little out of the way but worth the trip is the town of Moray with circular terracing used as an agricultural testing area by the Incas. You've probably seen photos of the perfectly circular terraces on social media sites and other tourist sites.

Researchers feel that this innovative style of farming was the Inca's version of a greenhouse. Different levels and different areas had warmer or cooler temperatures along with more or less sun. Moray is located near the small village of Maras and is at a gasp-inducing elevation of 11,500 feet.

While visiting Moray, be sure to stop in and see the salt mines at Salinas . These fascinating mines have been in use since the time of the Incas. The Salinas mines produce a sought-after pink color salt along with traditional white salt.

The intricate set up of the salt mines is the main attraction here. The high-saline-content water emerges from a spring at the top of the mine and is routed through a complex set of canals through square evaporation ponds.

An ideal place to snap a photo is from the top of the salt ponds, where you'll have the white salt ponds juxtaposed against the backdrop of the green valley in the distance.

• Read More: Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in the Sacred Valley, Peru

The ruins and fortress at the beautiful little town of Ollantaytambo should be on your list of places to see when visiting the Sacred Valley. The town is very walkable and fun to explore. Like Pisac, it's home to an excellent assortment of vendors selling handmade handicrafts.

It's a photogenic spot with two imposing Inca ruins towering over the village. Take a bit of time to wander up the hill and explore the ruins. Highlights include the impressive Wall of the Six Monoliths and the Bath of the Princess. Nearby are the Terraces of Pumatillis and the Pinkuylluna, an ancient storehouse.

Arequipa, at more than 2,300 meters, is often regarded as Peru's most beautiful city. Set against a backdrop of snow-capped mountains, the city center is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site. Arequipa's main claim to fame is the old architecture constructed of sillar stone, a volcanic rock that radiates a bright color in the sunlight. Most of the colonial buildings in the historic city center are made from this stone, giving rise to its nickname of the "white city."

Arequipa is also often a stopping-off point for those looking to visit the Colca Canyon (Cañon del Colca), which is about a four hour's drive from the city.

Just a half hour flight from Cusco, Puerto Maldonado is a key jumping-off point for tours of the Amazon . This is a completely different experience than what you will find in other parts of Peru, with hot humid jungle and a chance to see all kinds of unique wildlife. Caimans, capybara, monkeys, parrots, turtles, and piranhas are what you can expect to find in this part of the country.

The Reserva Nacional Tambopata and the Parque Nacional Bahuaja Sonene are the two main attractions, and they are well serviced by a number of jungle lodges. The Reserva Nacional Tambopata jungle lodges are approximately a one-hour boat ride from Puerto Maldonado. Parque Nacional Bahuaja Sonene is across the river from the Parque Nacional Madidi in Bolivia and takes about four hours to reach by boat. Tours typically range from a couple of days to week-long adventures.

Lima's Historic Center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city was founded in the 1500s and, although many of the original structures were destroyed, it still holds significant historical value and is a beautiful place to wander around.

One of the most pleasant places to visit in Lima is the main square, Plaza de Armas (Plaza Mayor), in the heart of the city's historic district. A majority of the structures were rebuilt following the devastating earthquake of 1746. The highlights around the Plaza de Armas are the cathedral on the east side and Government Palace (Palacio del Gobierno) on the north side. Also of interest are the Archbishop's Palace and the Casa del Oidor .

Leading off the square is the pedestrian street, Jiron de la Union , with shops, restaurants, and the historic Iglesia de La Merced .

• Read More: Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Lima

For the sporting type looking to try something a little different, the oasis resort of Huacachina on the outskirts of Ica has just the answer. This picture-perfect, palm-fringed resort town just west of Ica is situated around a lagoon surrounded by huge sand dunes, some of which reach 1,000 meters in height.

People come here to try out the sport of sandboarding. Similar to snowboarding, sandboarding involves surfing down the sand dunes on specially made sand-boards, which can be rented in the area. For the less coordinated, renting dune buggies is another great way to get out and enjoy the landscape.

Ica is slightly higher than the ocean and consequently is not affected by the usual coastal mist like other towns along this stretch. The town has a year-round sunny and dry climate, making it a good place to visit at any time.

The main reason to come to Pisco, about 200 kilometers south of Lima, is to see the nearby Islas Ballestas and the Reserva Nacional de Paracas on the Paracas Peninsula . Almost directly west of Pisco, the Islas Ballestas, sometimes referred to as the "poor man's Galapagos ," are home to hundreds of thousands of birds, large colonies of sea lions, pelicans, penguins, and dolphins.

Boat tours from Paracas and Pisco, which visit the islands daily, leave in the morning. The full tour takes you past the "Candelabra," a hillside geoglyph seen from the coast, and then spends a considerable amount of time boating around the islands watching for wildlife. This tour is generally a half-day trip, returning around noon.

The Paracas Peninsula , jutting out into the Pacific Ocean just south of Pisco, is home to the Reserva Nacional Paracas and the largest section of protected coastline in Peru. The shoreline of the Paracas Peninsula supports a huge variety of wildlife, with approximately 200 species of seabirds, two types of sea lions, a rare type of otter, and the endangered Humboldt penguins.

Sillustani, outside the city of Puno and not far from Lake Titicaca , is the site of some of the area's most impressive funerary towers (chullpas). Standing as high as 12 meters, these structures were built by the Colla people around AD 600 to bury their nobility. Entire families, along with food and personal possessions, were buried in these cylinders.

Most of the towers are set in a scenic area along the bank of Lake Umayo, just walk up a hill from the parking lot to the plateau above. The towers stand at the far end of the field with the lake behind. Below the parking lot is a small marshy lake where locals can be seen poling along in their boats, harvesting reeds.

The quaint hillside district of Barranco, just south of Central Lima and Miraflores, is a charming area within easy commuting distance of downtown Lima. With unassuming colorful colonial architecture lining the narrow streets and hillside ocean views, the area offers a much more relaxed pace than the city.

The area has long been popular with artists and poets, giving it a Bohemian feel. This is a great place to wander in the afternoon or enjoy a meal, particularly at sunset, at one of the restaurants overlooking the ocean. Besides the atmosphere, the one main tourist attraction in Barranco is the Puente de Los Suspiros (Bridge of Sighs) .

A stunning area of mountains and valleys, the Cordillera Blanca draws mountain climbers, hikers, and outdoor enthusiasts from around the world. The Cordillera Blanca is home to Peru's highest peak, Huascaran. Also located in the same area of the Andes are sixteen other mountains over 6,000 meters in height.

Getting here takes a bit of work, and you need to be well prepared if you are planning an excursion into the heart of this region. The weather is extremely changeable; it can be snowing one minute and then blazing hot the next.

Some of the most notable treks include the Santa Cruz, the Alpamayo, and the Rurec Shaqsha. The best time to visit is from April through to October.

If you are staying in Cusco, an afternoon or day trip to nearby Saqsaywaman is definitely in order. This site with its towering monoliths of rock is located high above the city at a gasp-inducing altitude of 3,701 meters (12,142 feet).

The site is notable for the massive blocks that have been intricately fitted together without the use of mortar. It's due to this incredible feat of engineering that the fortress walls have been able to survive devastating earthquakes that have destroyed parts of nearby Cusco.

The spectacular mountain peak known as Salcantay is fast becoming a "go-to" hiking destination in Peru. Towering above the surrounding landscapes, the 20,574-foot-high peak is jaw-droppingly beautiful but fortunately not overrun with visitors.

The easiest way to see Salcantay is hike the Salcantay Trail – a 37-mile (60-kilometer) trek that ends at Machu Picchu. Along the way, you'll ascend to 15,190 feet (4,630 meters) above sea level at your highest point, an elevation sure to take your breath away. Don't despair, you can soothe all your sore muscles in the hot springs in Cocalmayo along the way.

More on Peru

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• General overview

Peru: South America’s third-largest country

Machu Picchu Department of Cusco

• Peru’s star products

Peru is one of the world’s most varied countries. It is a multicultural nation, filled with traditions, a unique gastronomy and vast natural reserves. It is home to 12 UNESCO World Heritage Sites and 84 of the planet’s 117 life zones. Peru is situated in the western part of South America and shares borders with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia and Chile. Its enormous territory, covering more than 1.2 million square kilometers, is composed of three regions: Coast, Highlands and Jungle. Its current population exceeds 31.5 million inhabitants. 

Spanish is the official language of Peru; however, 47 indigenous languages are also spoken in the country, including Quechua and Aymara. 

Machu Picchu - Cusco

• Destinations

Peru Travel Guide

While Machu Picchu and all-things-Inca deservedly make South America’s third largest country a bucket-list staple, there are a world of Peruvian experiences beyond the ancient that are worth discovering. Surf the sun-splashed Pacific beaches; tour historic Spanish colonial towns; soar via zipline through the canopy of the world’s largest rain forest, the Amazon, covering nearly half of the country; and trek into the highlands of the cloud-topped Andes, the second highest mountain range in the world. —Maryellen Kennedy Duckett

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Facts About Peru

Key Facts About Peru's Economy, Society, Geography and More

 Chris VR / TripSavvy

Fast Facts About Peru

• Official Name: Republic of Peru ( República del Perú )
• Location: Western South America (Pacific Coast) -- see maps of Peru
• Flag: Vertical triband red-white-red (read more about the flag of Peru )
• Time Zone: The time in Peru is five hours behind Greenwich Mean Time
• Population: 28,220,764 (according to last census in 2007)
• Capital: Lima
• Major Cities: Arequipa, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Piura, Iquitos, Cusco (read more about Peru's major cities )
• Total Area: 496,224 square miles (1,285,216 sq km). For some size comparisons, see How Big is Peru?
• Bordering Countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile
• Total Land Boundary: 4,636 miles (7,461 km)
• Coastline: 1,500 miles (2,414 km)
• Type of Government: Constitutional Republic
• Current President of Peru: Ollanta Humala

Geography and Climate of Peru

• Geographic Regions: There are three distinct geographic regions in Peru : the coastal plains ( costa ) to the west, the rugged highland region ( sierra ) running through the center of the country from north to south, and the lowland jungles ( selva ) to the east.
• Climate: Peru’s geography naturally leads to a varied climate. Much of the western coastal plain consists of dry deserts, while the Andean highlands range from temperate to frigid. The jungle regions of the east are tropical and humid, with distinct rainy seasons.
• Highest Point: Nevado Huascaran (22,205 feet), located in the Cordillera Blanca range of the Andes (read more about the highest mountains in Peru )
• Major Mountain Ranges: Andes
• Major Rivers: Amazon, Ucayali, Madre de Dios, Marañón
• Natural Hazards: Peru is subject to a number of natural hazards, including earthquakes , flooding, landslides and tsunamis. Mild volcanic activity occurs, but rarely poses a threat (the last eruptions were Sabancaya in 2003 and Ubinas in 2009).
• Natural Resources: The CIA World Factbook lists the following natural resources in Peru: copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas.

Peruvian Culture and Society

• Ethnic Groups: Amerindian 45%; mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%; white 15%; Black, Japanese, Chinese and other 3%.
• Languages: Spanish (84.1%) and Quechua (13%) are the two most common languages of Peru . A large number of native languages exist, including Aymara (1.7%) and Ashaninka (0.3%).
• Religion: Most Peruvians are Roman Catholic (81.3%), with Evangelicalism accounting for much of the remainder (12.5%). Read more about religion in Peru.
• Life Expectancy: 72.47 years at birth, with females outliving males by about four years.
• Median Age: 26.2 years. Peru is a young nation: the USA has a median age of 36.9 years, with the UK at 40 years.
• Population Living in Urban Areas: 77%
• Gross National Income (per capita): US$4,700
• Population Below Poverty Line: 31.3% in 2010, down from 44.5% in 2006 (data from The World Bank).
• Number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites: 12 
• Famous Peruvians: see list of famous people from Peru

Facts About Peru’s Economy

• Currency: Peruvian Nuevo Sol
• Economic Growth: Peru had one of the world’s fastest growing economies in 2011 (and the fastest in Latin America). Despite this growth, many Peruvians still live below the poverty line, especially in rural areas.
• Major Exports: Minerals (gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead); natural gas, crude petroleum and petroleum products; agricultural products (including coffee, asparagus and fruit); fish products; textiles (see  Major Imports and Exports of Peru and also Flagship Products of Peru ).
• Main Export Partners: United States, China, Japan, Canada
• Cocaine Production: Colombia, Peru and Bolivia are the three largest cocaine-producing countries in the world. In October 2011, Rodney Benson, the DEA’s Chief of Intelligence, announced that Peru had surpassed Colombia in potential pure cocaine production (read the full presentation: “US-Andean Security Operation” ).

Transport in Peru

• Air: There are more than 230 airports in Peru, 58 of which have paved runways. Peru’s main domestic airlines (all of which are based at Lima’s Jorge Chávez International Airport ) have regular scheduled flights to only 20 or so airports within the country.
• Land: Peru has about 63,931 miles (102,887 km) of roadways. Common forms of public transportation in Peru include buses (for long distance travel), minibuses, taxis and mototaxis. Peru’s train network is limited.
• River: In the Amazon region, roads give way to rivers. According to the CIA World Factbook, there are 5,343 miles (8,600 km) of navigable tributaries on the Amazon system and a further 129 miles (208 km) on Lake Titicaca. Major river ports are located in Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas.

References:

CIA World Factbook: Peru The World Bank: Peru UN Data: Peru

Geography of Peru's Coast, Mountains, and Jungle

Where to Go in 2021: 10 Future Trips You Can Start Planning Now

18 Inspiring Aerial Images of Peru

The Top 20 Things to Do in Peru

Facts About Lake Titicaca

Top Natural Wonders of South America

The 12 Most Popular Cities in Peru

Chicha, the Peruvian Beverage You Need to Try

Chile and Other Top South American Destinations

DRC Travel Guide: Essential Facts and Information

Malawi Facts and Information

Don't Miss These 20 Hiking Trails in South America

Nigeria Travel Guide: Essential Facts and Information

Arica, Chile: City of Eternal Spring

Tanzania Travel Guide: Essential Facts and Information

Mauritius Travel Guide: Essential Facts and Information

17 Exciting and Interesting Facts About Peru

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There are so many interesting facts about Peru that will make you want to visit this fascinating country. In this article I share with you my favourite facts about Peru that will leave you wanting to learn more! Ready to get to know the country of Peru a bit better? Read on…

1. The Amazon River Starts in Peru

2. peru has pink dolphins, 3. peru has one of the new seven wonders of the world, 4. potatoes were first born in peru, 5. peru is home to the highest navigable lake in the world, 6. peru has one of the world’s highest sand dunes, 7. they found aliens in peru, 8. there are floating islands in peru, 9. peru has a mountain with rainbow colours , 10. ceviche is peru’s national dish, 11. one of the largest flying birds lives in peru, 12. peru has many native languages, 13. peruvians were among the first people to surf, 14. peruvian poncho takes hundreds of hours to make, 15. peru is home to most of the world’s alpaca population, 16. peru has two of the world’s deepest canyons, 17. two-thirds of peru’s land is covered by the amazon rainforest, further reading – interesting facts about peru , exciting and interesting facts about peru.

Peru is a beautiful country nestled in the western part of South America . It’s home to rich culture , many languages, delicious food, biodiversity, beautiful nature, fascinating history, and more. 

In fact, Peru is a very old country. Studies show that the earliest inhabitants arrived there around 15 thousand years ago! Throughout all these years, Peru has witnessed great civilisations… and we can still see their impact today. 

To get to know this country a bit more, let’s talk about the most interesting facts about Peru. 

Here are the 17 interesting facts about Peru that will make you fall in love with the country:

The Amazon River starts its long journey from the Andes Mountains of Peru. In fact, It is the widest river and the second-longest one after the Nile River . It runs through 6 countries for more than 6000 km and ends at the Atlantic Ocean . 

Its main source and starting point is the Mantaro River in Peru and it’s considered a vital part of the ecosystem of the entire continent . It is the life source of the Amazon rainforest , which is the most biodiverse place on Earth. It has a very rich collection of species, including rare ones that you cannot find anywhere else. 

Moreover, it even serves as a transportation route for people and goods, which gives it huge economic value. All of these factors make the Amazon River one of the most interesting facts about Peru! 

These are my favourite and some interesting facts about Peru.

The Amazon River in Peru is home to magical pink dolphins . These dolphins are born with grey colour and start turning pink as they grow up . You will only find them in the Amazon River basin, and you will get the opportunity to swim and play with them. 

The interesting facts about Peru will never fail to surprise you! 

In fact, Peru has one of the new seven wonders of the world. Machu Picchu, arguably the most famous tourist attraction in Peru , is a symbol of the Incan Empire. It is such a stunning archaeological site that will impress you, even if you aren’t interested in archaeology. 

Machu Picchu is called “the Lost City” because it was never found when the Spanish conquered the Inca Empire in the 1500s. In fact, it remained hidden until it was discovered back in 1911. This makes it one of the most interesting facts about Peru! 

Yes, here is one of the food-related interesting facts about Peru! 

Potatoes originated in the Andes Mountains in Peru and Bolivia almost 10,000 years ago . It was a big part of the Inca Empire and they used to prepare it in a variety of ways that are similar to our modern cooking methods. For instance, they prepared it boiled, stewed, and even mashed . 

It was later on introduced to Europe and the rest of the world to become an essential part of our diet. So, thanks to Peru, now you have french fries that you cannot resist. 

Lake Titicaca, located in Peru, is the highest navigable lake in the world. A navigable lake is one that is deep enough to allow boats and ships to navigate on its surface. So, it can be used for transportation and transferring goods. 

Due to the many ruins around it, it’s said to be the birthplace of the Incas . It’s thought that the lake was sacred for the Incas, as they believed that sun god Inti emerged from the lake to start his creations. 

In fact, it’s the largest freshwater lake in the entire continent of South America . Besides, the Titicaca National Reserve is built around it, protecting rare aquatic life like giant frogs. 

One of the most interesting facts about Peru is that it’s home to one of the world’s sand dunes . Cerro Blanco, located in the valley of Nasca , will captivate you with its size once you look at it. In fact, it’s arguably the tallest sand dune in the world. 

Cerro Blanco sand dune is even taller than the entire mountains. It’s totally worth the tough hike when you reach the top of the dune, especially when you end it by sliding downhill.  

Here is one of the rather mysteriously interesting facts about Peru.

The Peruvian archaeologist Julio Tello discovered abnormal-looking skulls in the Paracas region of Peru back in the 1920s. The skulls were elongated and didn’t look like normal human skulls – and for long, it was believed to be the skulls of aliens.

But do these skulls actually belong to aliens? Historians believe that the skulls looked like this because of the practices South American tribes did for long. For aesthetic reasons, they used to press the head of newborns between wooden boards to give them a long skull. 

That’s why the skulls had cranial deformation and people believed that they belonged to aliens. 

As you explore Lake Titicaca, you will find interesting facts about Peru. One of the first things that will captivate you is the floating Islands on Lake Titicaca. The Uros Islands are made entirely out of totora reeds and sustained by their inhabitants. 

The floating islands were made centuries ago by the Uro-Aymara families who wanted to make their homes in the lake . In fact, even the boats of these people are made out of reeds.

The inhabitants of these islands are living there for centuries, while maintaining their original customs, tradition, and lifestyle, away from the entire world. They are very friendly and even offer visitors souvenirs as a thank-you gift for their visit. 

If you want to experience one of the coolest and the most interesting facts about Peru, then you will need to visit Vinicunca, the Rainbow Mountain . It got its name because it has layers of vibrant and unique colours. 

These colours are completely natural and happened over time due to various mineral deposits. The trek to reach this mountain is challenging, but if you can do it, it’s totally worth it. You will get to witness one of the coolest sights of nature, and maybe get some Instagram-worthy pictures as well! 

These interesting facts about Peru and its cuisine will make your mouth start watering, but here is the national dish of the country. 

Original ceviche is made out of raw fish or shellfish marinated in lemon or citrus juice . The acidity in the lemon or citrus allows the meat to denature and become opaque and firm. 

The dish also consists of other ingredients such as tomatoes, peppers, cilantro, and tomatoes. It is a healthy dish that is often served as an appetizer. It has all sorts of vibrant colors and you can add more ingredients if you’d like! 

The fish is usually eaten raw. In fact, it’s believed that ancient civilisations in Peru used to eat this dish in a similar way over 2000 years ago. However, instead of lemon, they used banana passionfruit juice to marinate the fish. 

If you don’t want to eat raw fish, you can ask for it cooked – but don’t miss trying it out! 

As you explore the country, you’ll find out more interesting facts about Peru and its incredible biodiversity. 

The Andean Condor is one of the largest flying birds in the world, arguably the largest , and it lives in Peru. It is a giant bird and the only member of the genus Vultur. These magnificent creatures hold cultural significance in the region as a symbol of strength and freedom. 

For the longest time, scientists couldn’t understand how this giant bird flies, considering its massive size and weight. 

In fact, they use thermals to gain altitude and stay in the sky and rarely flap their wings. The highest record of an Andean Condor flying without flapping its wings even a single time was more than 5 hours! 

Among the fascinating and interesting facts about Peru is its linguistic diversity! It’s incredible how they kept many indigenous languages for centuries not only to communicate but to preserve their cultural heritage. 

The country is home to around 80 languages that are passed down from one generation to the next. However, the main official 3 languages are Spanish, Quechua, and Aymara . Regardless of this number of languages, Spanish is the most commonly spoken language across Peru. 

The Inca Empire used to speak Quechua, and it’s still used today in the Andean highlands.

Many people believe that the Peruvian coast is the cradle of surfing. Peruvians started surfing up to 5000 years ago using reed watercraft. In fact, one of the most thrilling and interesting facts about Peru is that it’s still one of the best countries in the world to surf.

The country has thousands of miles of coastline , so you will always find the perfect empty spot to surf. Now, if you want world-class waves, then you will need to surf in Northern Peru, which has amazing waves all year round. 

Diving through the clothing-related interesting facts about Peru, we’ll find the Peruvian Poncho. It’s a traditional clothing item that consists of 2 rectangular pieces of cloth sewn together while leaving an opening for the head to go through. They are usually made of luxury alpaca fiber and they last for long. 

The making of ponchos is very time-consuming and it takes hundreds of hours to make. The weavers spend weeks and sometimes even months to complete . 

It’s not only worn to provide warmth and protect from rain , but to reflect your identity and heritage. Each community has a special design of a Peruvian Poncho that represents them. The designs are usually very detailed and they have geometric patterns or animals. 

The alpaca is a South American camelid mammal that is often confused with the llama due to its similar appearance. However, the alpaca is smaller than the llama. 

One of the interesting facts about Peru is that it’s home to the largest population of alpacas in the world. In fact, Peru alone has 85% of the world’s population of alpaca . 

Colca Canyon is one of the most popular tourist spots in Peru. Around 150,000 tourists visit it every year for its astonishing depth, unique landscape, and terraces. It’s considered one of the deepest canyons in the world. Moreover, it’s a great trekking spot for adventure lovers.

The nearby Cotahuasi Canyon is also considered one of the deepest in the world. In fact, it’s twice as deep as the Grand Canyon . It’s mainly formed by the erosive power of the Cotahuasi River. It’s also another popular tourist destination in Peru. 

As I’ve mentioned in the previous interesting facts about Peru, it’s a megadiverse country. But to put that into perspective, nearly 60% of Peru’s land is covered by the Amazon Rainforest.

The Amazon Rainforest , being the most biodiverse place on Earth, should give you a glimpse of the natural wonders Peru has. 

The Amazon Rainforest doesn’t only contain thousands of creatures but also hundreds of Indigenous communities. These people’s lives depend solely on the forest. 

After reading these interesting facts about Peru, I’m sure you’ve fallen in love with the country just the way I did. It’s a biodiverse country with rich history, incredible nature, and a lot to learn from. 

If you liked reading the facts about Peru, you can check my other relevant posts too.

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• Top 10 Interesting Facts About Peru

The South American country of Peru is a land of numerous wonders. It is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from arid plains in the Pacific coast to soaring peaks in the Andes, and the dense rainforests of the Amazon. Peru is also culturally diverse and home to several ancient cultures. The country traces its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE and has one of the longest civilization histories of any country. Here are some of the most interesting facts associated with this fascinating and beautiful country.

10. Peru Has Rainbow Mountains

Peru has one of the world's most magnificent geologic features, the Ausangate Mountain in the Peruvian Andes. It is located at an elevation of 6,384 m and is extremely difficult to reach. The mountain is striped with colors ranging from maroon and gold to turquoise and lavender. Several days of hiking is required to reach the mountain. The locals revere Ausangate as divine and consider it to be a deity that protects Cusco. Every year, thousands of pilgrims visit the mountain during the Star Snow festival.

9. The Inca Citadel Of Machu Picchu Is In Peru

One of the world's most noted archeological sites, the Inca citadel of Machu Picchu is in Peru. It is located on a 2,430 m high mountain ridge in the Eastern Cordillera of Peru. It was built in the 15th century and serves as the most famous icon of the Inca civilization. For ages, the site remained largely ignored until it was brought to global attention by an American historian in 1911. Machu Picchu provides evidence of the Inca way of life, their religion, and culture. In 1983, the property was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2007, a worldwide online poll selected Machu Picchu as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

8. The Mysterious Nazca Lines Can Be Seen In Peru

Shallow incisions or depressions made in the soil of Peru's Nazca Desert represent a group of large geoglyphs formed between 500 BC and 500 AD. They are called the Nazca Lines. However, many of these lines are not merely lines but figurative designs of plants and animals. The top layer of soil and pebbles were removed to reveal the yellow-grey subsoil where these lines were etched out. Although much is known about how these lines were made, there is still much debate about why they were created. Some theories even go as far as linking the Nazca Lines with aliens. The mystery remains unsolved to this date.

7. The World's Highest Navigable Lake Is In Peru

Peru shares Lake Titicaca with Bolivia. It is a massive and deep lake located in the Andes mountains on the border between Peru and Bolivia. The lake's surface elevation is 3,812 m. It is the world's "highest navigable lake" as it is the highest lake used by large commercial vessels. The lake has a surface area of 8,372 square km and a maximum depth of 281 m.

6. The Mighty Amazon River Starts In Peru

No fewer than five Peruvian rivers have been honored as the source of the mighty Amazon, the world's largest river. More recently, the Mantaro River in southwestern Peru has been designated as the true source of the Amazon.

5. Peru Has A Hanging Cliffside Hotel

The Sacred Valley of Peru offers its visitors a rare opportunity to stay in a luxury capsule that hangs from the top of a mountain. Here, one can eat, sleep, and laze around in a transparent hanging room and absorb the magical vistas of the mystic valley. Access to the Skylodge Adventure Suites is, however, not very easy. People must climb, hike, and zipline through the mountains and forests to reach the hotel. Guided packages to and from the hotel are available.

4. Peru Has One Of The World's Deepest Canyons

The Cotahuasi Canyon is twice as deep as the Grand Canyon of the US. The former is located near the Peruvian city of Arequipa. It is 3,354 m deep. The canyon was carved by the Cotahuasi River as it flowed through the Coropuna and Solimana massifs.

3. The World's Worst Association Football Disaster Happened In Peru

On May 24, 1964, Peru was playing a football match with Argentina at the Estadio Nacional in Lima. During the match, the referee gave an unpopular decision that enraged the Peruvian fans who then decided to invade the pitch. To counter the unruly fans, the police fired tear gas into the crowd leading to extreme chaos. Many people were crushed against the steel shutters leading down to the street and died from asphyxiation or internal hemorrhaging. 328 deaths and 500 injuries were reported during this disaster which was termed the Estadio Nacional disaster.

2. Peru Is The Land Of Potatoes

Peru is a land of incredible potato biodiversity. Of the nearly 5000 potato varieties found worldwide, over 3500 varieties are grown in Peru. Potatoes grown in Peru come in a variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. Some withstand cold and drought better than others.

1. The Amazon Rainforest Covers 60% Of Peru

The Amazon rainforest, the world's largest rainforest, has its second-greatest extent in Peru after Brazil. Nearly 60% of the area of Peru is covered by this forest. The forest houses an incredible diversity of flora and fauna, the highest in the world.

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Find what you want

The traveler that arrives to Peru traces a route that allows him to get involved, to discover, to experience. In the midst of these experiences, Peru invites you to discover yourself. This transformation is fostered by its people and traditions.

If the heart says yes, come and visit Peru.

Heritage of Humankind

Discovering Peru is going into 5 thousand years of live history. Ancient traditions and customs bring Peruvians together, as a solid bridge between the present and the past.

Modern and Natural Wonders

Machu Picchu fascinates because of the mysticism felt in its "andenes" and of the amazing perfection of its stone walls. This architectural wonder from the times of the Incas was recognized as "Heritage of Humankind" and later declared as one of the "Seven Wonders of the Modern World".

Recognition

With 15 awards received in 2016 in the "World Travel Award", Peru is the most awarded country in South America. These awards confirm its excellent tourist offer and varied gastronomy, the perfect combination that the world acknowledges.

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10 things to know before traveling to Peru

Nov 26, 2023 • 6 min read

Aim to visit Cuzco during the shoulder months, just before or at the tail end of the rainy season © andresr / Getty Images

Peru is a megadiverse country, offering countless adventures and cultural experiences for the intrepid – as well as potentially endless head-scratching and headache-inducing occurrences for the uninformed traveler. 

Whether you plan to stay put in the capital or venture on a circuit through each geographical region , it’s always advantageous to have local insight. Here are some of the top things to know before traveling to Peru . 

1. Peru’s only international airport is in Lima

Until the Chinchero Airport (a 45-minute drive from Cuzco ) is finished, all international air passengers to Peru will first touch land in the metropolitan area of Lima , via the Jorge Chávez International Airport. 

From the airport to San Isidro, Miraflores or Barranco – neighboring districts of Lima that make up the capital’s tourist-friendly trifecta – it's usually a 40-minute taxi ride outside of rush hour. 

Don’t try to pick up a taxi outside of arrivals nor from the chaotic street just beyond the airport limit; instead, choose from any of the authorized companies represented just after customs. For travelers on a budget , the safest option is the Airport Express Lima bus (with transfers to and from Miraflores only). 

2. The shoulder months are the best time to visit Cuzco 

The Cuzco region has two marked seasons: the rainy season (November to April) and the dry (May to October). When the rain is in full effect, areas like the idyllic Sacred Valley turn lush with native crops and tourism is comparatively low.

That said, the wet climate makes the period between January and March especially difficult (and even dangerous, in some cases) for epic hikes. 

The dry months are ideal for trekking and most adventure sports – though as a direct correlation, tourism is at its highest then. The best time to visit Cuzco? Aim for the shoulder months , just before the rain (October) or at its tail end (May).  

3. Book well in advance for Machu Picchu, Huayna Picchu and the Inca Trail

Is it possible to snag last-minute entry tickets to Machu Picchu ? Sure, it can happen – but as Peru’s most popular tourist attraction, it doesn't make sense to risk it.

Purchase your entry ticket at least one month in advance, especially if planning to visit the Unesco World Heritage Site between June and August (the busiest months for international visitors). 

While you're at it, consider adding on the entry to Huayna Picchu, the tall peak that appears behind the citadel in classic Machu Picchu photos. Only 200 visitors a day are able to make the steep, hour-long ascent that leads to a privileged bird’s eye view of the archaeological site.

Cuzco's dry months are also the high season for one of Peru’s most epic hikes , the Inca Trail. This trek requires a permit that can only be purchased through an organized tour. Keep in mind the trail closes every February for maintenance. 

4. In Peru, just one cheek kiss will do to say hello or goodbye

For some travelers, Peru’s salutation may seem too close for comfort, while others – we're looking at you, Italians – will see it as half-finished. 

When meeting or greeting someone of the opposite sex or in the case of two women, Peruvians will offer an air kiss on one side of the face. Call it a lingering effect of machismo culture, but men typically greet each other with a simple handshake and hug. 

Don't try to enter or leave a party without greeting everyone, be it with a hug or air kiss, as that will appear disrespectful.

5. Keep soles and centimos on hand, especially outside of major tourist zones 

Credit card acceptance and even payment applications are commonplace in bustling cities, like Lima and Cuzco, though you will want to keep local currency (sol) on hand at all times. 

You can’t miss a visit to open-air markets, such as those in Lima's Surquillo neighborhood  and the San Pedro market in Cuzco, where vendors prefer cash. While at the market, pick up a small coin purse as public transportation and restrooms run on pocket change. 

And for towns outside of the typical tourist circuit – think Tumbes in the north or Ayacucho in south-central Peru –  cash on hand is a must. 

6. Tipping may not be a local custom, but that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t

When it comes to dining out in Peru, there is no standard for tipping. That said, Peru’s tipping culture (or lack thereof) should be an exception to the rule of “do as the locals do.” As a visitor, go ahead and leave your waiter, barista or hostess a tip that seems appropriate to you.  

7. No, your watch doesn’t need to be reset, it’s just the "hora Peruana"

La hora Peruana (Peruvian time) refers to the stereotype of Peruvians showing up late – not just 15 minutes late but upwards of an hour late.

The phrase is tossed around amongst Peruvians and expats alike, as we’ve all struggled with that landlord, friend or coworker who says they’ll be there in the morning and are a no-show until after lunch. 

Of course, la hora Peruana is a generalization, but it’s best to be mentally prepared in case someone you made plans with doesn’t show up on the dot...or anywhere close to it. 

8. Keep spare toilet paper in your pocket –  but never flush it!

Public restrooms in Peru are infamous with international travelers. From seatless toilets to humble holes in the ground, we’ve seen it all, but those squeamish moments are nothing you can’t survive. 

Follow bathroom etiquette and toss toilet paper in the wastebasket rather than flush it. Public restrooms usually aren’t stocked with toilet paper, so keep a travel-size roll in your day bag, or be prepared to pay 50 cents for a few squares upon entry.

9. Eat and drink with your gut health in mind

Let’s be honest, Peru likely became your destination of choice partly because of the reputation and recognition of its gastronomic scene . 

Your senses will be tantalized by the unique kick of ají pepper in a ceviche, the sounds of sizzling suri  (palm-weevil larvae) or the pink froth topping a glass of frutillada  (traditional chicha , or fermented corn beer, blended with strawberries)  –  classic street-food items, depending on which region of Peru you’re visiting. 

When it comes to street food – and especially drinks, as Peru does not have clean tap water – there’s always a risk for “travelers’ stomach.” If you have any doubt, play it safe and wait until you get to a recommended restaurant to try that dish you’ve been eyeing.

10. Take a full day (if not two) to acclimate before any high-altitude activity

No matter how much physical training you've accomplished at sea level prior to your trip, arriving at high-altitude destinations like Cuzco – 3399m (11,152ft) above sea level – can be brutal. 

And what could be worse than dizziness, nausea and other symptoms of soroche (altitude sickness) keeping you from bucket-list hikes, such as Vinicunca, better known as Rainbow Mountain, 5200m (17,060ft) above sea level? 

When planning your trip, include a day or two to acclimate before starting any physically demanding activity. Stay hydrated and avoid heavy food and alcohol. And whether or not you decide to take altitude pills, consider local remedies, such as muña tea and coca leaves.

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15 interesting facts about Peru

From gargantuan canyons to archaeological enigmas, we take a look at the most interesting facts about Peru and its people

Peru’s Machu Picchu tops bucket lists everywhere, most recently appearing at number three on Lonely Planet’s Ultimate Travelist , a compilation of 500 unmissable attractions across the world ranked by the publisher’s global community of travel experts.

There’s no doubt that our Salkantay Trek to Machu Picchu was one of the highlights of our trip around the world, but there’s certainly more to Peru.

From gargantuan canyons to archaeological enigmas, this South American gem offers an abundance of culture and adventure. Here are the most interesting facts about Peru we picked up on our trip across its lands.

Interesting facts about Peru

1. The Incan site of Machu Picchu remained unknown to the outside world for hundreds of years, from its abandonment at the time of the Spanish Conquest until 1911 when it was (re)discovered by American explorer Hiram Bingham. Today, it is a Seven Wonder of the World and is visited by hundreds of thousands of tourists every year. (Source: National Geographic )

2. Lima is literally an oasis. It lies in Peru’s western seaboard which receives infrequent rainfall and is classified as desert. The city is home to over a quarter of Peru’s population. (Source: National Geographic )

3. In 2013, Peru was officially named the world’s biggest producer of cocaine. A report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime stated that coca plantations in Peru covered 60,400 hectares, 20% larger than the equivalent in Colombia . Interestingly, Colombia has since reclaimed its spot at the top. (Source: BBC )

4. Peru’s Sechura Desert is home to one of the tallest sand dunes in the world. Cerro Blanco stands at an incredible 1,176 meters (3,860 feet) from base to summit. (Source: National Geographic )

5. Peru is home to the second-largest portion of the Amazon rainforest after Brazil. The Amazon covers 60% of the country, making it one of the world’s 17 “ megadiverse ” countries. (Source: WWF , World Resources Institute )

6. Like in Ecuador , cuy (guinea pig) is used and eaten as a traditional meat. Peruvians are said to consume 65 million guinea pigs each year. (Source: BBC )

7. Peru’s southern coast is home to the mysterious Nazca Lines , a network of 300 giant geometric figures known as ‘geoglyphs’, 70 animal and plant drawings or ‘biomorphs’ and 800 giant lines etched into the floor of the desert. To this day, their purpose is unknown and they remain one of archaeology’s enduring enigmas. (Source: UNESCO )

8. Peru’s ancient Inca civilisation was larger than imperial Rome and included 24,855 miles (40,000km) of roads at its peak. That’s almost enough to stretch around the Earth itself. (Source: History of the World in 1,000 Objects, p188)

9. The Quechua people’s tradition of trial marriage is reportedly still practised in Peru today. Women and men choose a spouse and can end the marriage when they wish. The woman is free to marry again at any time, and any children are seen to belong to the community rather than the couple. (Source: Peru (Cultures of the World) by Kieran Falconer and Lynette Quek)

10. The humble potato is native not to Europe as many believe but to southern Peru. The invaluable vegetable was ferried to Europe by Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century. Today, you may hear patriotic locals claim “Soy mas Peruano que la papa”; “I am more Peruvian than the potato”. (Source: New York Times )

11. Lake Titicaca which straddles the border between Peru and Bolivia is the world’s highest navigable lake. It sits 3,812 metres (12,507 feet) above sea level and is also South America’s largest lake by volume. (Source: CIA World Factbook )

12. Chilli sauce and hot spices were banned from prison food in 1973 as they were considered powerful aphrodisiacs and not “appropriate for men who are forced to live a limited lifestyle”. (Source: The Last Word on Love and Ginseng, New Scientist, 1973)

13. Cotahuasi Canyon in Arequipa is said to be the deepest canyon in the world. Gorging a mighty 3,535 meters (11,597 feet) into the ground, Cotahuasi is twice as deep as the Grand Canyon in the US. (Source: Rough Guides )

14. History’s worst stadium disaster took place in Peru in May 1964, sparked by an unpopular decision by a referee during a Peru vs Argentina football match in Lima. Tragically, 300 fans were killed and more than 500 injured. (Source: BBC )

15. Peru’s Sacred City of Caral-Supe is said to be the oldest centre of civilisation in the Americas. The 5000-year-old 626-hectare archaeological site features complex monumental architecture dating back to the Late Archaic Period of the Central Andes. (Source: UNESCO )

For more interesting facts about Peru, get the Lonely Planet Guide to Peru .

Lead image: SL-Photography/Shutterstock

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11 Top-Rated Peru Tourist Attractions To Visit

When it comes to discovering the history, culture, and natural features of South America, one country in particular offers all three and so much more. Located on the west coast of the continent, the country of Peru provides you with a wide diversity of landscapes to explore, cultural influences to experience, and activities to keep you busy or allow you to sit back and relax.

The biodiversity of Peru is astounding, featuring Amazon rainforests, Andean highlands, and coastal beaches. Famous and not-so-famous archeological sites span the country, including the stunning Machu Picchu , and provide unique opportunities to go outside your own comfort zone and explore some of the top tourist attractions in South America .

When you’re ready to start planning your itinerary, consider adding these 11 top-rated Peru tourist attractions.

View Of The Cathedral And Lima Main Square

1. Historic District of Lima

Spend time exploring the historic district of Peru’s capital city of Lima . Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site , the historic center is a beautiful and intriguing site to wander as you learn about its many secrets. Admire architectural wonders, cozy plazas, and astonishing interior design.  Founded in the 1500s, the city has gone through natural disasters which have affected the buildings, but, fortunately, many of these have been restored or rebuilt. Tour the inside of the cathedral, with its vaulted ceiling, baroque furnishings, and checkerboard flooring. Other sites not to miss include the Casa del Oidor, Archbishop’s Palace, and the Government Palace.

2. Machu Picchu

Perhaps the most popular of the Peru attractions to visit is Machu Picchu. Listed as one of the new seven wonders of the world , Machu Picchu is known as the Incas’ ancient ceremonial center. Located high up above the Urubamba River, the complex set of ruins provides a dramatic setting against the lush mountain sides. Getting here will take time and planning, starting with a train ride from Cusco, Urubamba, or Ollantaytambo to the small village of Aguas Calientes . From there, you will take a bus up to the ruins. You may also want to consider a one to four-day hike on the Inca Trail , which leads you into Machu Picchu for a rare experience.

Panoramic View Of Cusco Main Square

3. Historic City Center of Cusco

Enjoy another UNESCO World Heritage Site in the historical city of Cusco . The quaint city center provides the feel of a village, with the Plaza de Armas main square as the gathering place for restaurants , shops, and tours . Admire the colonial buildings, whose foundations are built from ancient Inca ruins. Walk along narrow roads, and explore impressive buildings, including the Cathedral , La Compania, and church of Santo Domingo.

Salta Mines In Maras, Sacred Valley – Peru

4. The Sacred Valley

Explore the Inca ruins found in this fertile valley and spend time in colorful towns and markets along the way. The Incas revered the location of the valley for its unique climate and geography, including its fertile soils for growing what they needed. Located in the Peruvian Andean highlands, the Sacred Valley includes such Peru must see sights as the Pisac Ruins and its Sunday Market, the fortress at Ollantaytambo , and salt mines in Maras .

The Floating Islands Of Uros On Lake Titicaca

5. Lake Titicaca

Lake Titicaca , the world’s highest navigable lake, is one of the top Peru attractions you’ll want to visit. If heading there on a sunny day, you’ll see sparkling blue water surrounded by the greenery of rolling hills. Small traditional villages dot the shoreline for a glimpse at true Peruvian culture. Climb aboard one of the boat tours for views of the various islands on the lake, including the Uros Floating Islands, a set of man-made islands constructed out of the local totora reeds. Other islands to visit include Isla Amantani and Isla Taquile.

Basilica Cathedral At Plaza De Armas Arequipa – Peru

6. The White City (Arequipa)

Visit what is often considered by many to be one of the most beautiful cities in all of South America. Arequipa sits amid snow-capped mountains and provides a cozy locale to stay for a day or two. Its historic center received the designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and for good reason. Throughout, you will find architecture constructed out of a volcanic rock called sillar stone. Sillar Stone radiates its color when in direct sunlight and, as a result, gives rise to the city’s nickname of the “white city” of Peru.

Tourists At The Cruz Del Condor Viewpoint, Colca Canyon – Peru

7. Cañon del Colca

Prepare yourself for an overwhelming sight as you near the Cañon del Colca, or Colca Canyon. Twice the overall depth of the Grand Canyon, this canyon descends down to 3,400 meters to a winding river at its base. Admire the stone terracing among the canyon walls, dating back to AD 800. You can also enjoy exploring the surrounding areas, which include hot springs, villages, and Inca ruins. Bring your binoculars and camera as this is one of the best places to catch a sight of Andean condors and the giant hummingbird.

Nazca Lines, The Monkey

8. Nazca Lines

South of the capital city of Lima, you’ll find the Nazca desert. What is famous here is the mysterious Nazca Lines . Throughout the desert, these lines and drawings are visible only from the air and include the Monkey, the Spider, the Condor, the Dog, the Hummingbird, the Small Lizard, and the Astronaut. In all, there are some 70 animal and plant drawings in the desert, along with geometrical shapes and various lines. Thought to be created somewhere between 900 BC and AD 600, debate continues as to their origin and reason for creation. Book your tour flight before arriving, or try your luck with one of the first-come, first-serve offerings.

Group Of 3 Species Of Macaws Flying From The Clay

9. Reserva Nacional Tambopata (Amazon)

Experience the gateway to the Amazon Rainforest at the Reserva Nacional Tambopata near Puerto Maldonado , a short flight from Cusco. Situated in one of the more biodiverse areas of Peru, the reserve covers over 740,000 acres and is home to endangered species as well as native communities. Here you will glimpse monkeys, caimans, capybara, turtles, parrots, and various other wildlife. One way to experience the reserve is to stay in a jungle lodge for a few days or longer and immerse yourself in its surroundings.

Beautiful Decorative Designs On The Stone Walls In The Ruins Of Kuelap

10. Kuélap Stone Fortress in Chachapoyas

Enter into the cloud forest region of Peru by way of the city of Chachapoyas. Long before the Incas, distinctive cultures lived and thrived here and left behind the unique site of Kuélap . This imposing stone fortress features 20-meter-high walls and is an impressive structure to admire and explore. Less visited by crowds of tourists than many other top Peru sights, the fortress offers space to explore without the need to rush.

Paragliding In Miraflores, Lima – Peru

11. Miraflores District of Lima

When looking for a break from exploring ancient ruins, rainforests, and various natural attractions, enjoy a few days in the Miraflores District of Lima. Consisting of upscale accommodations, shopping, and world-class restaurants, here you’ll see how modern-day Peruvians live. You can also roam through the Amano Pre-Columbian Textile Museum or the Ricardo Palma Museum located in the writer’s former home. For an additional treat, take in a show at The Centro Cultural PUCP, an art-house cinema and theater in the nearby district of San Isidro.

There you have it, the top 11 Peru attractions to visit on your next trip to South America. Whether you wish to enjoy the incredible natural sites, immerse yourself in the culture of Peru, or explore ancient and mysterious archeological sites, a trip to this South American country and its must-see attractions will remain one of your favorite vacations ever.

While Rainforest Cruises aim to provide accurate and up-to-date information, we make no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information herein or found by following any link on this site. Rainforest Cruises cannot and will not accept responsibility for any omissions or inaccuracies, or for any consequences arising therefrom, including any losses, injuries, or damages resulting from the display or use of this information.

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Peru Travel: 50 Fun Facts About Peru

I have lived in Peru for nearly 7 years now working hard in the Peru vacations industry, and I thought I knew quite a lot about the place, so I decided to do a little research into some of things I didn’t know about! Here are 50 fun facts about Peru , that you probably didn’t know, and I certainly didn’t.

1)      The potato is originally from Peru, and there are over 3,000 different varieties. Proud Peruvians use the phrase “Soy mas Peruano que la papa” (I am more Peruvian than the potato) .

2)      Peru grows more than 55 varieties of corn , and you can just about find it in any color  including yellow, purple, white and black.

3)      Cuy or Guinea Pig is a traditional dish eaten in Peru during important festivals, and is served crispy complete with head, legs and eyes.

4)      Peru is the 6th largest producer of gold . In 2010 (according to Thomson Reuters GFMS) Peru produced 162 tonnes of gold, worth US$6,377,865,888.

7)      Peru’s Huascarán National Park has more has  27 snow-capped peaks  6,000 meters (19,685 feet) above sea level, of which El Huascarán (6,768 meters / 22,204 feet) is the highest.

8)      Peru has 1625 types of orchids of-which 425 can be found growing naturally close to Machu Picchu. The Inkaterra Hotel in Machu Picchu has South America’s largest privately owned collection at 500 varieties.

9)      Cusco in Peru was the most important city in the whole of the Inca Empire , and governed as far north as Quito in Ecuador and as far south as Santiago in Chile.

Cusco, Plaza de Armas

10)   There are 3 official languages in Peru: Spanish, Quechua and Aymara, but east of the Andes in Amazon Jungle regions it is thought that natives speak a further 13 different languages.

11)   The Inca citadel of Machu Picchu was lost to the Amazon Jungle for hundreds of years, until it was re-discovered by Hiram Bingham the American explorer.

12)   The Pisco Sour is Peru’s national drink and is made using Pisco brandy, lemons, sugar water, egg whites, ice and finished with bitters.

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13)   Lake Titicaca in Southern Peru is the world’s highest navigable lake , and South America largest lake.

14)   In Peru, it is tradition to give friends and family yellow underpants on New Year’s Eve.

15)   Peru’s is the 8 th largest producer of coffee in the world, and is the 5 th largest producer of the Arabica bean.

16)   There are some 90 different micro-climates in Peru, making it one of the most bio-diverse countries on the planet.

17)   Peru is home to the highest sand dune in the world . Cerro Blanco located in the Sechura Desert near the Nazca Lines measures 3,860 feet (1,176 meters) from the base to the summit.

The Sand Dunes of Huacachina, Southern Coast of Peru

18)   Peru is a surfer’s paradise . Chicama has the world’s longest left-handed wave at 4km’s long, and Mancora (close by) has the world’s largest left-handed point-break .

19)   Cotahuasi Canyon in the Arequipa region is considered one of the world’s deepest canyon at 3,535 meters (11,597 feet) deep – twice as deep as the Grand Canyon USA.

20)   Peru’s capital Lima was once the most powerful city in South America , but fell into decline when the Spanish created a viceroyalty in Rio de la Plata.

21)   Peru’s Independence Day is celebrated on July 28, and is known as ‘ Fiestas Patrias. ’

22)   In Chincha on Peru’s southern coast it is quite acceptable to eat cat!

23)   The finest cottons in the world , Pima and Tanguis are Peruvian.

24)   Peru has the second largest amount of Shamans in the world, second only to India.

25)   The National University of San Marcos is the oldest in the Americas and was founded on the 12th of May of 1551.

26)  Soccer is the most popular sport in Peru . Introduced in the middle of XIX century – probably by British immigrants who were passing by Callao port.

27) According to the last census, in 2017, of the 31.237.385 inhabitants, 50,8% of Peruvians are women.

28) National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) has announced that Pollo a la brasa, a spit-roasted chicken, is Limeños most popular dish to eat outside home. The ranking places ceviche in second and crispy fried chicken at third.

29) National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) has announced that Pollo a la brasa, a spit-roasted chicken, is Limeños most popular dish to eat outside home. The ranking places ceviche in second and crispy fried chicken at third.

30) Consulting firm International Mercer has found that Peru ranks seventh worldwide in number of holidays, with 12 holidays per year.

31) Founded on January, 18th 1535 by Francisco Pizzarro, the city of Lima celebrated 484 years of history in 2019.

32) According to INEI last report, Peru has a 31.151.643 million inhabitants, and 9.835.000 million live in Lima.

33) Market consultants conducted a study in 2018 where Inka Cola was placed forth as the most consumed product in Peru, only overtaken by other brands as Gloria, Ajinomto and Elite.

34) Up to 2020, there have been 61 presidents in Peru, from San Martin to Martin Vizcarra.

36) Inti Raymi, translated from Quechua as “Party of the sun”, is the biggest celebration in Cusco; a tradition that started in the XV century thanks to Pachacutec.

37) Thanks to Huachipa Zoo, Peru has become the only country with 3 different anteater; and the breeds kept in captivity the silky (or pigmy) anteater for more than 10 years.

39) Machu Picchu is 7972 feet above sea level and Huayna Picchu is higher with 8923 feet above sea level.

40) The Telegraph positioned Huacachina Oasis in Ica, as one of the 21 most impressive destinies worldwide; and it’s the only one representing Latin America.

41) In Cusco 2018, Peru set a world record for having the largest causa; with 12 hours of work and weighing 590.65kg.

42) Arequipa city is surrounded by 4 volcanos, Ampato, Chachani, Misti and Pichu Pichu.

43) Floating Uro Islands are small surface built with totora reed; a water plant that is commonly found around the Lake Titicaca.

45) As a national symbol, Peruvian arm of coats has a cornucopia, a quina tree and a vicuña to represent the animal kingdom.

46) The twelve-angled stone is part of the Archiepiscopal Palace structure in Cuzco

47) Archeologists Jhony Isla and Luis Castillo used drones and satellite imagery to discover 50 new Nazca lines located on the mountains of Palm’s desert.

48) Llamas tend to spit whenever they feel in danger in order to create a distraction.

49) In 1820, Jose de San Martin got inspired by the bird with red wings and white chest for the Peruvian flag. These flamingos appeared to him on a dream in the Pisco coast.

50) In Peru you can find the pygmy marmoset, the smallest monkey in the world.

This article ’50 Fun Facts About Peru’ was brought to you by the Peru travel experts at Totally Latin America. For more articles like this please visit our Peru travel blog .

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18 Interesting And Fun Facts About Peru

Written By: ThePlanetD Team

Published On: June 19, 2023

Ready to learn some fun and interesting facts about Peru? Whether you’re planning a trip to Peru or you’re just enjoying some armchair traveling, prepare to be awed by these amazing Peru facts.

Peru is a country steeped in history, rich in culture, and endowed with an incredibly diverse geography. Nestled in the western part of South America, it’s a treasure trove of ancient civilizations, tantalizing cuisine, and awe-inspiring natural wonders.

Table of Contents

Interesting Facts About Peru

Did you know there’s a canyon that’s over 10,000 feet deep (twice the depth of Arizona’s Grand Canyon )? Did you know there’s a mass grave of 400 oblong skulls that some people believe are ancient aliens? Did you know you can go boarding down sand dunes that are over 1,000 feet high? Not only are these places real, but they’re all located in Peru. This gem in South America is one of the  most biodiverse  and culturally fascinating places on the planet.

1. The Mystery of the Nazca Lines

Is it ancient religious artwork? A constellation chart to track the stars? Or a long-lost alien landing strip? The Nazca Lines remain one of the world’s greatest mysteries.

Archaeologists now know how the Nazca people made  these famous geoglyphs , but no one has yet figured out why. Located on a coastal plain 250 miles south of Lima, this is one site you simply have to see to believe.

What makes the Nazca Lines so fascinating is their scale and precision. There are over 800 straight lines that stretch across the plain, some of which are over 30 miles in length. There are also 300 geometric patterns including triangles, zig-zags, spirals, and arrows. Finally, there are over 70 depictions of plants and animals, some of which are over 1,200 feet long.

They were believed to be created between 500 BCE and 500 CE and researchers have been studying them for decades, but they’re no closer to an answer for what they are (or why there were built) than when they started. The purpose behind these lines remains a mystery. While some researchers believe that they might have had astronomical significance, others think that they could be related to water, fertility, or religious rituals. Book an aerial tour of the Nazca Lines during your trip to Peru and come up with your own theory!

2. Coca Leaves Are Great for Your Health

Peru’s native coca plant often gets a bad rep because it can be used to make cocaine. However, in its natural, non-concentrated form, it offers users a host of health benefits. When trekking high in the Andes Mountains, coco leaves can help calm altitude sickness. We drank coco tea when we first landed in Cusco to acclimate to the altitude and it really did help to alleviate our headaches.

The leaves of the coca plant are full of Vitamin B, Vitamin C, and iron. Locals use it to relieve pain and hunger, while visitors can experience  relief from altitude sickness . In the past, Incans used the plant in religious rituals and even buried coca leaves with the dead.

Coca-leaf tea is safe to drink and widely available across the country. You can also do as the locals do and simply chew on the leaves to enjoy the benefits.

3. Peru Gave Us Potatoes & Tomatoes

It’s hard to imagine a world without tomatoes and potatoes, but these native species were unknown outside of South American countries until the 1500s.

Peru is home to over 3,000 varieties of potatoes in an array of sizes, colors, and textures. In fact, it’s such an integral part of the Peruvian diet that proud locals often say, “Soy mas Peruano que la papa” (I’m more Peruvian than the potato). 

While potatoes immediately became popular throughout the rest of the world, tomatoes were actually  feared for centuries . Europeans mistakenly believed this native Peruvian fruit was poisonous. It wasn’t until pizza was invented in Naples, Italy, in the 1880s that tomatoes became a trusted and beloved food item.

The wild tomatoes that grow throughout the region are smaller than what you find at your local grocery store. Interestingly, though, this plant is the wild ancestor of every type of tomato we eat today.

4. Peru’s Geography Is Astoundingly Diverse

Peru is a geographical wonderland. From the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region to the peaks of the Andes mountains, and down into the lush Amazon rainforest, the diversity is staggering. With so many different landscapes Peru is one of the most bio diverse countries in the world.

The Peruvian Andes mountain range, one of the most prominent features of Peru’s geography, is the longest mountain range in the world. The highlands are home to a rich tapestry of cultures and historic sites, including Machu Picchu. The Amazon basin which covers nearly 60% of Peru, is one of the most ecologically rich areas on the planet, with an almost unfathomable variety of plant and animal life.

5. The Atacama Desert

Forget the Sahara Desert. The driest place on earth is the Atacama Desert  of Peru and Chile, where it’s impossible for anything to grow. In fact, the only thing that lives there is a microscopic organism that gets moisture from minerals instead of water.

Just how dry is the Atacama? Some parts of it have received less than an inch of rain in the past 30 years! These conditions and otherworldly landscapes of the Atacama have led it to be compared to Mars, and it has even been used as a testing site for Mars rovers.

In the Peruvian portion of the Atacama, the desert stretches along the coast and features a landscape dotted with rocky formations, sand dunes, and small oases. The unique climate conditions have also contributed to the preservation of ancient geoglyphs, like the Nazca Lines, and mummies that provide insight into the region’s ancient civilizations.

6. Cotahuasi Canyon

Remember that deep canyon we mentioned at the outset? You’ll find it in a remote region of southern Peru, over 12 hours by bus from the nearest city of Arequipa.

Cotahuasi Canyon is the deepest canyon in the Americas and one of the deepest canyons in the world which makes it a testament to Peru’s breathtaking natural beauty. Located in the southern part of the country, it reaches a depth of 3,535 meters, making it almost twice as deep as the Grand Canyon in the United States.

It is often overshadowed by Colca Canyon but if you love adventure like we do then you will undoubtedly want to visit Cotahuasi Canyon for trekking, white-water rafting, and the opportunity to explore ancient ruins. The canyon is also home to diverse flora and fauna, including giant hummingbirds and the Andean condor, one of the largest flying birds in the world

7. The Amazon Rainforest

An interesting fact about Peru is that two-thirds of the country is covered in thick, lush, tropical rainforests. Peru is also home to the five rivers and tributaries that serve as  the headwaters  for the mighty Amazon River. Although the majority of the Amazon rainforest lies in Brazil, the  gateway to the Amazon  lies in the heart of Peru.

More than half of the world’s species of plants, mammals, and birds live in this spectacular rainforest. It also produces 6% of the world’s oxygen. You can learn all these facts about Peru (and much more) when you take an  Amazon River cruise  from Iquitos.

8. Lake Titicaca

Straddling the border of Bolivia and Peru,  Lake Titicaca  holds the honor of the world’s highest lake. It sits at a dizzying 12,507 feet above sea level and covers an area 120 miles long and 50 miles wide.

Lake Titicaca, situated in the Peruvian Andes between Peru and Bolivia, holds the title of the highest navigable lake in the world. It is also South America’s largest lake by volume of water. With a surface elevation of 12,507 feet, it provides breathtaking views of the surrounding snow-capped mountains.

The lake is steeped in history and legend. It is believed to be the birthplace of the Incas, and numerous ancient ruins surround its shores. The floating islands of the Uros people are one of the lake’s most famous attractions. These islands are made entirely of reeds and are continuously maintained by their inhabitants. Also, In the 1970s, researchers discovered an entire city hidden beneath the waters of the lake. The mystery continues.

9. Rainbow Mountain

Vinicunca, more commonly known as Rainbow Mountain, is one of Peru’s natural wonders. Located in the Andes, this mountain is famous for its strikingly colorful layers, which are a result of sedimentary mineral layers being exposed by erosion. Almost undiscovered until 2015, Rainbow Mountain quickly became famous for its jaw-dropping and Instagram-worthy beauty. Layers of clay and sedimentary rock transform the otherwise bleak landscape into a literal rainbow of color.

You can read all about what it is like to trek to Rainbow Mountain in our comprehensive guide to Hiking Rainbow Mountain .

An  expedition to this natural wonder  isn’t for the faint of heart, though. At over 17,000 feet above sea level, it’s certain to be one of the highest altitudes you’ve ever trekked. Make sure you’re well-adjusted to the elevation before you sign up for a tour!

10. Cerro Blanco Sand Dune

How would you like to visit the world’s tallest sand dune? Cerro Blanco holds the title of the highest sand dune in the world, standing at an astounding height of over 3,800 feet. To put that in perspective, that’s taller than the highest mountain in England!

Located near the famous Nazca Lines, this sand dune is the premier destination for sandboarding, dune buggies, and other outdoor adventures. The dune is situated within a desert valley surrounded by rugged mountains, creating a unique microclimate. The hike to the top of Cerro Blanco is rigorous, but when you reach the summit you are rewarded with panoramic views of the desert landscape and an exhilarating descent on a sandboard.

11. Machu Picchu Is a Wonder of the World

You can’t hear the word “Peru” without conjuring a mental image of the lost city of Macchu Picchu. A  hike along the Inca Trail  to this man-made marvel is a must for anyone who visits Peru. Follow the footsteps of the mighty Inca Empire through the Sacred Valley to the city in the sky.

Located high in the mountains outside Cusco, Macchu Picchu was lost to the outside world until 1911. Archaeologists believe the ancient city was built at the height of the Inca Empire during the 15th and 16th centuries. Their best guess is that it served as a royal estate for Incan nobles, but no one knows for sure why it was built.

The once-lost city spans five miles and includes  150 buildings and 3,000 stone steps . It’s little wonder (pun intended) that it was designated one of the New Seven Wonders of the World back in 2007. Read: How to Plan a Trip to Machu Picchu

12. The Quechua People Have Interesting Marriage Customs

The native Quechua people are known for their warm smiles and colorful patterned clothing. But there’s a lot more to this beautiful culture than first meets the eye.

For example, you can easily tell the marital status of any Quechua woman you meet. How? Easy: Single women wear knitted caps, while married women wear straw hats.

Even more interesting, the Quechua practice “trial marriage,” a custom dating back thousands of years. Men and women are free to choose their partners, end the relationship, and remarry at any time. Any children born in the interim are viewed as belonging to the community, not a specific couple.

13. The Bizarre Elongated Skulls of Paracas

The Paracas Peninsula on Peru’s southern coast is known for the discovery of the Paracas Skulls. These elongated skulls belong to the ancient Paracas culture, which existed approximately 2,000 years ago. When archaeologists first uncovered the strange cone-shaped skulls in the Paracas region , rumors quickly spread that they were once aliens. Although it’s a fascinating theory, science has confirmed that the skulls are human in origin.

The unusual shape is due to the ancient practice of head binding. During the first few years of a baby’s life, parents would wrap the head in specific ways to alter the shape of the growing bones. This may have been done as a rite of passage or to distinguish different classes in society.

While elongated skulls have been found in different parts of the world, the Paracas skulls are unique because of their enormous size and variation in shape. Some theories suggest that cranial deformation was performed to signify social status, while others have proposed more enigmatic origins.

14. Guinea Pigs are not Pets in Peru

In many parts of the world, guinea pigs are kept as adorable pets, but in Peru, they have a different status. One of the strangest foods we encountered in Peru was the deep-fried guinea pigs. Peruvian cuisine is quite diverse with a blend of seafood, and meats with corn and potatoes being its base. But a delicacy in Peru is Cuy, aka roasted guinea pig. They don’t look at these furry critters as pets, no, these are food.

Cuy is usually served whole, often baked or barbecued, and is celebrated for its high-protein and low-fat content. It is also a central part of various Andean festivals and rituals. While it might be a cultural shock for some (us included), trying cuy is considered a must for experiencing authentic Peruvian cuisine.

15. Traditional Peruvian Poncho

The traditional Peruvian poncho is a garment deeply rooted in the history and culture of the Andean region. Rich in symbolism and crafted with unparalleled skill, Peruvian ponchos are not only functional but also serve as a reflection of the wearer’s identity and heritage.

Originally, ponchos were made from a single piece of fabric with a slit in the center for the head. This basic design provided warmth and protection against the harsh weather of the Andes. However, the poncho evolved into a canvas for artistic expression and cultural representation. The patterns and colors in a traditional Peruvian poncho are often specific to a certain community or region, allowing individuals to convey their origin and ancestry through their attire.

The weaving of a poncho is an intricate and time-consuming process, often taking several weeks or even months to complete. Alpaca and llama wool are the most common materials used, known for their durability, warmth, and softness. The natural dyes used in the poncho’s design are often derived from plants, minerals, and insects, lending to a range of vibrant colors.

16. There are Three Official Languages in Peru

One of the most interesting and fun facts about Peru is that there are three different languages spoken in the country. While Spanish is the most widely spoken language in Peru, the country recognizes three official languages: Spanish, Quechua, and Aymara. Quechua was the primary language of the Inca Empire and continues to be spoken by the Quechua people in the Andean highlands.

Aymara is also an indigenous language spoken around Lake Titicaca and in some Andean regions. The recognition of these languages is not only important for communication but also plays a significant role in preserving the rich cultural heritage and diversity of Peru.

17. The Capital City of Peru is Lima

Lima, the capital of Peru, is often the entry point for many visitors and serves as a gateway to the country’s many attractions. Founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro in 1535, Lima is a melting pot of cultures, with a rich colonial history and vibrant modern culture. Downtown Lima is home to various historical sites, including colonial churches, palaces, and the famous Plaza Mayor.

The city is also celebrated for its gastronomy, boasting several world-renowned restaurants and a wide array of traditional dishes. The coastal location adds a dimension of beauty to the city, with stunning cliffs and beaches that attract both locals and tourists. There is a lot to do in Lima and you can discover it all in our article Best Things to do in Lima, Peru.

18. The Inca Civilization

The Inca civilization is one of the most iconic aspects of Peru. At its height in the 15th century, it was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The Incas were remarkable engineers, as evidenced by structures like Machu Picchu and Sacsayhuamán. It is said that The Incas were the only ancient culture in the world to define constellations of both dark and light.

Although the Inca Empire was short-lived due to the Spanish conquest, its impact on Peruvian culture is undeniable. The Quechua language, traditional clothing, and various customs have been carried through generations, preserving the legacy of the Incas.

Facts About Peru FAQ

What Are 5 Fun Facts About Peru?

• Peru is home to the highest sand dune in the world, Cerro Blanco, which stands at approximately 2,078 meters.
• The Amazon Rainforest covers nearly 60% of Peru, making it the second-largest portion of the Amazon, after Brazil.
• Guinea pigs, known as ‘cuy’ in Peru, are considered a delicacy and have been consumed in the Andean region for thousands of years.
• Peru grows more than 55 varieties of corn, ranging in color from white and yellow to purple and black.
• The Floating Islands of Uros on Lake Titicaca are made entirely of reeds and are home to the Uros people, who maintain them by adding new layers of reeds.

What Are Some Unique Facts About Peru?

• The Nazca Lines, a series of ancient geoglyphs in the Nazca Desert, remain an enigma. They were created between 500 BCE and 500 CE, and some of the figures can only be fully seen from the air.
• Cotahuasi Canyon is one of the deepest canyons in the world, almost twice as deep as the Grand Canyon in the United States.
• The Quechua people practice ‘servinacuy’, a form of trial marriage, where couples live together for a period before deciding to formally marry.
• The ancient Paracas culture practiced cranial deformation, leading to the discovery of the bizarre elongated skulls in the Paracas Peninsula.
• The traditional Peruvian dish ceviche is believed to have been consumed in a similar form for over two thousand years, with ancient civilizations using fermented juice from banana passionfruit to marinate the fish.

What Will You Do With These Fun Facts About Peru?

So, which of these facts about Peru was most interesting to you? Was it the mysterious Nazca Lines? The recently discovered Rainbow Mountain? The unique cultural traditions of the Quechua people? Or the incredible biodiversity in a country that’s home to the world’s driest desert and thickest jungles?

Whichever Peru facts jumped out at you, one thing is certain: There’s no shortage of things to learn about this amazing country.

Is Peru at the top of your travel bucket list? Would you like to learn more interesting facts about Peru, including how to plan your trip to South America? Click here  for our in-depth Peru travel guide and keep learning about this incredible travel destination.

Read More About Peru

• Paracas: Paracas Peru – Adventures In The California Desert
• Rainbow Mountain: What To Expect When Hiking Rainbow Mountain Peru
• Things to do: 21 Of The Best Things To Do In Peru
• Cusco: Top Three Little Known Hiking Day Trips In Cusco, Peru
• Iquitos: Things To Do In Iquitos, Peru – A Gateway To The Amazon
• Machu Picchu: How To Plan A Trip To Machu Picchu
• Amazon: What To Expect On An Amazon River Cruise – Life On The River

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10 Peru Facts That Will Have You Adding It To Your Bucket List

Peru is a fascinating country full of wonder and adventure, and these facts are sure to make travelers appreciate this beautiful destination even more

Home to diverse cultural heritage and natural wonders, Peru is a crowd favorite when it comes to travel destinations. Peru boasts the famous Machu Picchu and the extension of the Amazon rainforest , but aside from these landmarks, this beautiful country has so much to offer. Many more natural wonders and cultural heritage sites, food, and drinks are from its people. Listed below are the facts about Peru that will make every traveler add it to the bucket list:

10 Peru Is The World’s Leading Culinary Destination

The capital of Peru, Lima, is home to some of the best restaurants listed in the World’s Best Restaurants. Peruvian cuisine is known for its colorful and spicy dishes and diverse culinary creativity. The top restaurant in Peru is Central, located in Lima that uses fresh local products. Some of the served seafood delicacies like clams, scallops, and squid are harvested from Amazon's coast. Another restaurant is the Maido, which operates in the capital as well. This restaurant has a diverse cuisine as it is inspired by both Peruvian and Japanese cultures.

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9 Tourists Can Enjoy Peru For 15 days, According To Data

It has been reported that Peru is the most popular travel destination in the South American continent. Peru offers a 15-day Sacred Land of the Incas trip, an organized tour with a perfect itinerary so travelers will have a productive vacation in every bit of Peru. The cost of this tour starts at $3,278 with meals, transportation, accommodation, and activities to enjoy. If tourists don't have that much time, there is also an 8-day Inca Trail trip which starts at $1,275.

8 Peru Prides Its Craft Beer

Peru hosts Lima Beer Week, where different breweries participate and pride their brands. This festival takes place in various places around Lima where people can freely enjoy. The Peruvian Food Tour also offers a memorable trip to Sacred Valley wherein guests can have a brewery tour and taste. There are plenty of breweries around Sacred Valley, and one of the best is the Cerveceria del Valle. This brewery serves local beer flavors with passion fruit and Maras salt.

7 Guinea Pig Becomes A Delicacy In Peru

One of the most exciting delicacies in Peru is the guinea pig. It is not just a mere pet but serves as Peru's pride. The dish is called 'Cuy,' the most popular dish in Peru that's eaten with bare hands and cooked wholly. It is said that its taste is similar to the taste of a chicken. There is also a guinea pig flavored pizza in the city of Cusco. The guinea pig delicacies have been present in Peru since 5,000 years ago.

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6 The World’s Highest Navigable Lake Is In Peru

The beautiful Lake Titicaca borders Peru and Bolivia and is recorded as the highest navigable lake in the world. The lake can be found in Altiplano and expands 12,500 feet. Over 40 islands lie in the lake, and the indigenous community of Uros makes their living here through fishing and selling crafts to every visitor. There are also accommodations within the lake where tourists can stay and safely mingle with the people in the community. This is also where tourists know more about the Peruvian way of living and its culture.

5 Peru Humbles One Of The Highest Waterfalls In The World

Situated in the region of Chachapoyas is the High Amazon, where the Gocta Falls is located. This falls towering the wild jungle of High Amazon is known as one of the highest waterfalls worldwide, dropping 700 meters. The falls can be seen anywhere within the valley. To have a closer look, tourists must take a hike starting from the town of Cocachimba and have a horseback riding experience. The falls are surrounded by lush green jungle and mountains.

4 Peru Is rich In Textiles

Peruvian textiles are irresistible, which is why it is highly recommended for tourists to leave extra space in their luggage for colorful and beautifully woven fabrics. There are plenty of artisan markets and street vendors in Peru, but the best city that offers cheap and beautiful crafts is in Cusco and Sacred Valley. The traditional market of Pisac in Sacred Valley offers colorful souvenirs and fluffy alpaca sweaters. Chinchero also hosts a weekly market where tourists can purchase souvenirs, ornaments, and traditional products.

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3 Peru Is A Haven For Hiking Enthusiasts

Peru boasts its trails from seasonal hikers to veterans. There are over eight popular hiking places in Peru, and the most famous among these is the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. Although it is a one-way 42 kilometer – hike, it is leveled as complex because of its difficult obstacles and high altitude. Every hiker can enjoy a lot of attractions along the way – from flat terrain, river crossing, ruins, and villages. The most leisurely trek is the hike to Lomas de Lucumo, the best for family hikes and is about 2.5 miles.

2 Peru Has Famous Beaches

Like its culture and people, Peru also has diverse beaches on its 1553 miles coast. Tourists can enjoy the scenery of seabirds and sea lions in the shoreline of Paracas, Ica, where there are a lot of accommodation places from cheapest to the most luxurious. Cerro Azul, Canete is a perfect place for surfers as well as Lobitos, Piura. Other popular beaches include Barlovento, Tuquillo, Puerto Viejo, El Silencio, Chicama, Los Organos, and Punta Sal.

1 Tourists Can Explore Amazon Rainforest

Peru has been known for being rich in biodiversity because of the Amazon Rainforest. There are many ways to explore it and plenty of activities for visitors to enjoy while learning. It is also a perfect place for animal lovers as there are armadillos, different kinds of monkeys, giant otters, etc. The Amazon Rainforest occupies over 60% of Peru's land. Here, activities include boat rides, trying unique fruits, jungle walks, and kayaking .

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Overweight and obesity prevalence in Peru 2010-2022

The overweight and obesity prevalence among adults in Peru showed an increasing trend during the period analyzed. While an estimated 55 percent of adults in the country were considered under this category in 2010, this figured reached 58 percent by 2022. 

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in Peru from 2010 to 2022

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